Effects of Farm Manure, Vermicompost and Plant Growth Regulators on Yield and Fruit Quality in Watermelon
Öz
This study was conducted in 2018, under open field conditions in Adıyaman Province of Turkey to determine the effects of farm manure, vermicompost and plant growth regulators on yield and some fruit quality parameter of watermelon. Matured farm manure, vermicompost and three different plant growth regulators (Crop-Set, Endoroots and ISR-2000) were used to compare with control (not fertilizers applied) application. Vermicompost, farm manure, Endoroots, ISR-2000 and Crop-Set were applied to the plants at 150 kg, 2 tons, 250 g, 60 cc and 90 cc da-1 doses, respectively. The highest yield result was obtained from Endoroots application (11.630 tons da-1). Fruit weight varied between 2.93 (control) kg and 5.01 kg (vermicompost). Higher results were observed from vermicompost application for fruit weight, fruit width, fruit height, phenolic. Total Soluble Solids (TSS) was recorded statistically significant for Endoroots application. Applied plant growth regulators, farm manure and vermicompost fertilizers had significant effects on pomological and phenological characteristics of watermelon under semi-arid conditions. The highest results have been determined from Endoroots and vermicompost applications. As a result of this study, Endoroots (250 g da-1) and vermicompost (150 kg da-1) fertilizers can be concluded as a beneficial application for watermelon cultivation.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Fruit quality Farm manure Vermicompost Plant Growth Regulator Watermelon
Destekleyen Kurum
Adıyaman Üniversitesi
Proje Numarası
KMYO BAP 2017/0001
Teşekkür
This study was supported by a grant from The Scientific Research Fund of Adiyaman University (KMYOBAP / 2017-0001).
Kaynakça
- Anonymous 1997a. The effect of Crop-Set on Total and Marketable Yield of Dark Red Norland Variety Potatoes. Improcrop Ltd. Şti.
- Anonymous 1997b. The Effect of Crop-Set on Total and Marketable Yield of Yukon Gold Variety Potatoes. Improcrop Ltd. Şti.
- Arancon N Q, Edwards C A, Atiyeh R and Metzger J D 2004. Effects of vermicomposts produced from food waste on the growth and yields of greenhouse peppers. Bioresource Technology 93(2): 139-144
- Arıkan Ş, İpek M, Pırlak L 2013. Effects of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) on Yield and Fruit Quality of Quince. International Conference on Agriculture and Biotechnology 29-30 December 2017, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
- Arıkan Ş, Pırlak L 2016. Effects of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) on Growth, Yield and Fruit Quality of Sour Cherry (Prunus cerasus L.), Erwerbs-Obstbau, 58(4): 221-226.
- Bouyoucous GD, 1951. A Recablibration of the Hydrometer Method for Making Mechanical Analysis of the Soil. Agronomy Journal, 43(9): 434-438.
- Çakmakçı R, Dönmez F, Aydın A, Şahin F 2006. Growth Promotion of Plants By Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria Under Greenhouse and Two Different Field Soil Conditions. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 38(6): 1482-1487.
- Chandler SF, Dodds JH 1983. The Effect of Phosphate, Nitrogen and Sucrose on the Production of Phenolics and Solasodine in Callus Cultures of Solanum laciniatum. Plant Cell Report, 2(4): 205-208.
- Çıtak S, Sönmez S, Koçak F, Yaşin S 2011. Vermikompost ve Ahır Gübresi Uygulamalarının Ispanak (Spinacia oleracea L.) Bitkisinin Gelişimi ve Toprak Verimliliği Üzerine Etkileri. Derim, 28(1): 56-69.
- Darzi MT, Ghalavand A, Rejali F 2008. Effect Of Mycorrhıza, Vermıcompost And Phosphate Bıofertılızer Applıcatıon On Flowerıng, Bıologıcal Yıeld And Root Colonızatıon In Fennel (Foenıculum Vulgare Mill.). Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences Vol. 10, No :1 (37) : 88-109.
- Çetinkaya N and Dura S 2010. The Effects of A Endomycorrhizal Preparate on Yield and Vegetative development of Corn. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 47(1):53-59
- De Souza JRM, Artur AG, Taniguchi CAK, Pinheiro JI 2018. Yellow Melon Yield In Response to Mineral or Organic Fertilization. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 41(9): 1-8.
- De-Kok L, Graham M 1980. Levels of Pigments, Soluble Proteins, Amino Acids and Sulfhydryl Compounds in Foliar Tissue of Arabidopsis Thaliana During Dark Induced and Natural Senescence. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 27(2): 133-142.
- Egamberdiyeva D, Höflich G 2004. Effect of Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria on Growth and Nutrient Uptake of Cotton and Pea In A Semi-Arid Region of Uzbekistan. Journal of Arid Environments, 56(2): 293-301.
- Follet RH 1969. Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu in Colorado Soils, Fort Collins CO: Colorado State University Dissertation.
- FAO 1990. Micronutrient, Assessment at the Country Level: An International Study. FAO Soil Bulletin by Mikko Sillanpaa. Rome.
- Fish WW, Perkins-Veazie P, Collins JK 2002. A Quantitative Assay for Lycopene That Utilizes Reduced Volumes of Organic Solvents. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 15(3): 309-317.
- Giusti MM, Wrolstad RE 2001. Characterization and Measurement of Anthocyanins by UV–Visible Spectroscopy. Current Protocols in Food Analytical Chemistry, (1): F1-2.
- Göksu GA, Kuzucu CÖ 2017. Karpuzda (Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum & Nakai) Farklı Dozlardaki Vemikompost Uygulamalarının Verim ve Bazı Kalite Parametrelerine Etkisi. Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 3(2): 48-58.
- Göktekin Z, Ünlü H 2016. Domates Yetiştiriciliğinde Çiftlik Gübresi, Yeşil Gübre, Mikrobiyal Gübre ve Bitki Aktivatörü Kullanımının Verim ve Kalite Kriterleri Üzerine Etkileri. Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 11(2): 108-119.
- Gündüz K, Özdemir E 2012. Çileklerde Meyve Kalite Özellikleri Arasindaki Ilişkiler. Iğdır Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 2(1): 9-14.
- Iwata M 2001. Probenazole-a Plant Defence Activator. Pesticide Outlook, 12(1): 28-31.
- JiRui L, QingHua S, XiuFeng, W, Min W MengDi X, XiuHui L 2013. Effects of Vermicompost and Cow Dung Compost at Different Volume Ratios on Rhizosphere Environment, Quality and Yield of Cucumber. Shandong Agricultural Sciences, 45(6): 66-70
- Joshi R, Singh Jand Vig AP 2015. Vermicompost as an Effective Organic Fertilizer and Biocontrol Agent: Effect on Growth, Yield and Quality of Plants. Rev Environ Sci Biotechnol 14, 137–159. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11157-014-9347-1
- Karaboz İ, Özcan NH 2005. İzmir ve Aydın Yöresindeki Topraklardan İzole Edilen Azotobacter chroococcum İzolatlarının Tuz, Sıcaklık ve Bazı Ağır Metallere Toleranslarının Belirlenmesi. Orlab On-Line Mikrobiyoloji Dergisi, 3: 2-10.
- Karadoğan T, Özer H, Oral E 1997. Çiftlik Gübresi ve Mineral Gübrelemenin Patates Yumrusunun Direncine Etkisi. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 28(2): 227-234.
- Kellog W 1952. Our Garden Soil. The Macmillan Company, New York.
- Kiracı S, Gönülal E, Padem H 2013. Mikrobiyal Gübre Ve Bitki Aktivatörü Uygulamalarının Organik Havuç Yetiştiriciliğinde Kalite Parametreleri Üzerine Etkisi. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 8(2): 36-43.
- Kiracı S, Karataş A 2015. Organik Tarımda Kullanılan Bazı Bitki Aktivatörlerinin Domateste Verim ve Kalite Üzerine Etkileri. Selçuk Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences, 26(4): 19-26.
- Koca N 2006. Havuçlarda Karotenoidler ve Aktioksidan Aktivite. Doktora Tezi, AnkaraÜniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara
- Kong KW, Ismail A 2011. Lycopene Content and Lipophilic Antioxidant Capacity of By Products From Psidium Guajava Fruits Produced During Puree Production Industry. Food and Bioproducts Processing 89(1): 53-61.
- Lichtenthaler K, Welburn AR 1983. Determination of Total Carotenoids and Reduced Volumes of Organic Solvents. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 15(3): 309–317.
- Olaniyi JO, Fagbayide JA 2007. Influence Of Source and Tine of Nitrogen Application on Growth, Yield and Nutrient Composition of Eugosi Melon. Research Journal of Agronomy, 1: 99-104.
- Olsen SR, Dean LA 1965. Phosphorus. In: Black CA (ed.), Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 2. American Society of Agronomy. Inc. Publisher Madison Wisconsin, 1035-1049.
- Ouda BA, Mahadeen AY 2008. Effect of Fertilizers on Growth, Yield, Yield Components, Quality and Certain Nutrient Contents in Broccoli (Brassica oleracea). International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 10(6): 627-632.
- Richard LA 1954. Diagnosis and Improvement of Saline and Alkaline Soils. Handbook 60, U. S. Deptartment of Agriculture.
- Slinkard K, Singleton VL 1977. Total Phenol Analyses: Automation and Comparison with Manual Methods American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, 28(1): 49-55
- Ülgen N, Yurtsever N 1995. Türkiye Gübre ve Gübreleme Rehberi. Toprak ve Gübre Araş. Ens. Teknik Yayınları., Genel Yayın No: 209, Teknik Yayınlar No:T-66.
- Yurtsever N 1984. Deneysel İstatistik Metotları. Köy Hizmetleri Genel Müdürlüğü Yayınları, Genel Yayın, (121).
- Zaller JG, 2007. Vermicompost as a substitute for peat in potting media: Effects on germination, biomass allocation, yields and fruit quality of three tomato varieties. Vol. 112(2): 191-199
- Zhang N, Ren Y, Shi Q, Wang X, Wei M, Yang F 2011. Effects of Vermicompost on Quality and Yield of Watermelon. China Vegetables, (6): 76-79.
Çiftlik Gübresi, Vermikompost ve Bitki Büyüme Düzenleyicilerinin Karpuz Meyvesinde Verim ve Meyve Kaliteye Etkileri
Öz
Bu çalışma, 2018 yılında Türkiye'nin Adıyaman ilinde açık alan koşullarında organik gübrelerin ve bitki büyüme düzenleyicilerinin karpuzun verim ve bazı meyve kalitesi parametrelerine etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Kontrol (hiç uygulama yapılmayan) ile karşılaştırmak için çiftlik gübresi, vermikompost ve üç farklı bitki büyüme düzenleyicileri (Crop-Set, Endoroots ve ISR-2000) kullanılmıştır. Vermikompost, çiftlik gübresi, endoroots, ISR-2000 ve Crop-Set sırasıyla150 kg, 2 tons, 250 g, 60 cc ve 90 cc da-1 dozları olacak şekilde bitkilere uygulanmıştır. En yüksek verim (11.630 ton da-1) sonucu Endoroots uygulamasından elde edilmiştir Meyve ağırlığı 2,93 kg (control) ile 5,01(vermicompost) kg arasında değişmektedir. Meyve ağırlığı, meyve genişliği, meyve yüksekliği, fenolik için vermikompost uygulamasından daha yüksek sonuçlar elde edilmiştir. Suda Çözünebilir Kuru Madde Miktarı (SÇKM) Endoroots uygulaması için istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur. Uygulanan bitki büyüme düzenleyicileri, çiftlik gübresi ve vermikompostun, yarı kurak koşullar altında karpuzun pomolojik ve fenolojik özellikleri üzerinde önemli etkileri olmuştur. En yüksek sonuçlar Endoroots ve vermicompost uygulamalarından belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışmanın sonucunda, Endoroots (278 g da-1) ve vermikompost (150 kg da-1) gübreleri, karpuz yetiştiriciliği için faydalı uygulamalar olarak sunulmaktadır.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Meyve Kalitesi Çiftlik Gübresi Solucan Gübresi Bitki Büyüme Düzenleyicisi Karpuz
Proje Numarası
KMYO BAP 2017/0001
Kaynakça
- Anonymous 1997a. The effect of Crop-Set on Total and Marketable Yield of Dark Red Norland Variety Potatoes. Improcrop Ltd. Şti.
- Anonymous 1997b. The Effect of Crop-Set on Total and Marketable Yield of Yukon Gold Variety Potatoes. Improcrop Ltd. Şti.
- Arancon N Q, Edwards C A, Atiyeh R and Metzger J D 2004. Effects of vermicomposts produced from food waste on the growth and yields of greenhouse peppers. Bioresource Technology 93(2): 139-144
- Arıkan Ş, İpek M, Pırlak L 2013. Effects of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) on Yield and Fruit Quality of Quince. International Conference on Agriculture and Biotechnology 29-30 December 2017, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
- Arıkan Ş, Pırlak L 2016. Effects of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) on Growth, Yield and Fruit Quality of Sour Cherry (Prunus cerasus L.), Erwerbs-Obstbau, 58(4): 221-226.
- Bouyoucous GD, 1951. A Recablibration of the Hydrometer Method for Making Mechanical Analysis of the Soil. Agronomy Journal, 43(9): 434-438.
- Çakmakçı R, Dönmez F, Aydın A, Şahin F 2006. Growth Promotion of Plants By Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria Under Greenhouse and Two Different Field Soil Conditions. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 38(6): 1482-1487.
- Chandler SF, Dodds JH 1983. The Effect of Phosphate, Nitrogen and Sucrose on the Production of Phenolics and Solasodine in Callus Cultures of Solanum laciniatum. Plant Cell Report, 2(4): 205-208.
- Çıtak S, Sönmez S, Koçak F, Yaşin S 2011. Vermikompost ve Ahır Gübresi Uygulamalarının Ispanak (Spinacia oleracea L.) Bitkisinin Gelişimi ve Toprak Verimliliği Üzerine Etkileri. Derim, 28(1): 56-69.
- Darzi MT, Ghalavand A, Rejali F 2008. Effect Of Mycorrhıza, Vermıcompost And Phosphate Bıofertılızer Applıcatıon On Flowerıng, Bıologıcal Yıeld And Root Colonızatıon In Fennel (Foenıculum Vulgare Mill.). Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences Vol. 10, No :1 (37) : 88-109.
- Çetinkaya N and Dura S 2010. The Effects of A Endomycorrhizal Preparate on Yield and Vegetative development of Corn. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 47(1):53-59
- De Souza JRM, Artur AG, Taniguchi CAK, Pinheiro JI 2018. Yellow Melon Yield In Response to Mineral or Organic Fertilization. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 41(9): 1-8.
- De-Kok L, Graham M 1980. Levels of Pigments, Soluble Proteins, Amino Acids and Sulfhydryl Compounds in Foliar Tissue of Arabidopsis Thaliana During Dark Induced and Natural Senescence. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 27(2): 133-142.
- Egamberdiyeva D, Höflich G 2004. Effect of Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria on Growth and Nutrient Uptake of Cotton and Pea In A Semi-Arid Region of Uzbekistan. Journal of Arid Environments, 56(2): 293-301.
- Follet RH 1969. Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu in Colorado Soils, Fort Collins CO: Colorado State University Dissertation.
- FAO 1990. Micronutrient, Assessment at the Country Level: An International Study. FAO Soil Bulletin by Mikko Sillanpaa. Rome.
- Fish WW, Perkins-Veazie P, Collins JK 2002. A Quantitative Assay for Lycopene That Utilizes Reduced Volumes of Organic Solvents. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 15(3): 309-317.
- Giusti MM, Wrolstad RE 2001. Characterization and Measurement of Anthocyanins by UV–Visible Spectroscopy. Current Protocols in Food Analytical Chemistry, (1): F1-2.
- Göksu GA, Kuzucu CÖ 2017. Karpuzda (Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum & Nakai) Farklı Dozlardaki Vemikompost Uygulamalarının Verim ve Bazı Kalite Parametrelerine Etkisi. Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 3(2): 48-58.
- Göktekin Z, Ünlü H 2016. Domates Yetiştiriciliğinde Çiftlik Gübresi, Yeşil Gübre, Mikrobiyal Gübre ve Bitki Aktivatörü Kullanımının Verim ve Kalite Kriterleri Üzerine Etkileri. Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 11(2): 108-119.
- Gündüz K, Özdemir E 2012. Çileklerde Meyve Kalite Özellikleri Arasindaki Ilişkiler. Iğdır Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 2(1): 9-14.
- Iwata M 2001. Probenazole-a Plant Defence Activator. Pesticide Outlook, 12(1): 28-31.
- JiRui L, QingHua S, XiuFeng, W, Min W MengDi X, XiuHui L 2013. Effects of Vermicompost and Cow Dung Compost at Different Volume Ratios on Rhizosphere Environment, Quality and Yield of Cucumber. Shandong Agricultural Sciences, 45(6): 66-70
- Joshi R, Singh Jand Vig AP 2015. Vermicompost as an Effective Organic Fertilizer and Biocontrol Agent: Effect on Growth, Yield and Quality of Plants. Rev Environ Sci Biotechnol 14, 137–159. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11157-014-9347-1
- Karaboz İ, Özcan NH 2005. İzmir ve Aydın Yöresindeki Topraklardan İzole Edilen Azotobacter chroococcum İzolatlarının Tuz, Sıcaklık ve Bazı Ağır Metallere Toleranslarının Belirlenmesi. Orlab On-Line Mikrobiyoloji Dergisi, 3: 2-10.
- Karadoğan T, Özer H, Oral E 1997. Çiftlik Gübresi ve Mineral Gübrelemenin Patates Yumrusunun Direncine Etkisi. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 28(2): 227-234.
- Kellog W 1952. Our Garden Soil. The Macmillan Company, New York.
- Kiracı S, Gönülal E, Padem H 2013. Mikrobiyal Gübre Ve Bitki Aktivatörü Uygulamalarının Organik Havuç Yetiştiriciliğinde Kalite Parametreleri Üzerine Etkisi. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 8(2): 36-43.
- Kiracı S, Karataş A 2015. Organik Tarımda Kullanılan Bazı Bitki Aktivatörlerinin Domateste Verim ve Kalite Üzerine Etkileri. Selçuk Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences, 26(4): 19-26.
- Koca N 2006. Havuçlarda Karotenoidler ve Aktioksidan Aktivite. Doktora Tezi, AnkaraÜniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara
- Kong KW, Ismail A 2011. Lycopene Content and Lipophilic Antioxidant Capacity of By Products From Psidium Guajava Fruits Produced During Puree Production Industry. Food and Bioproducts Processing 89(1): 53-61.
- Lichtenthaler K, Welburn AR 1983. Determination of Total Carotenoids and Reduced Volumes of Organic Solvents. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 15(3): 309–317.
- Olaniyi JO, Fagbayide JA 2007. Influence Of Source and Tine of Nitrogen Application on Growth, Yield and Nutrient Composition of Eugosi Melon. Research Journal of Agronomy, 1: 99-104.
- Olsen SR, Dean LA 1965. Phosphorus. In: Black CA (ed.), Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 2. American Society of Agronomy. Inc. Publisher Madison Wisconsin, 1035-1049.
- Ouda BA, Mahadeen AY 2008. Effect of Fertilizers on Growth, Yield, Yield Components, Quality and Certain Nutrient Contents in Broccoli (Brassica oleracea). International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 10(6): 627-632.
- Richard LA 1954. Diagnosis and Improvement of Saline and Alkaline Soils. Handbook 60, U. S. Deptartment of Agriculture.
- Slinkard K, Singleton VL 1977. Total Phenol Analyses: Automation and Comparison with Manual Methods American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, 28(1): 49-55
- Ülgen N, Yurtsever N 1995. Türkiye Gübre ve Gübreleme Rehberi. Toprak ve Gübre Araş. Ens. Teknik Yayınları., Genel Yayın No: 209, Teknik Yayınlar No:T-66.
- Yurtsever N 1984. Deneysel İstatistik Metotları. Köy Hizmetleri Genel Müdürlüğü Yayınları, Genel Yayın, (121).
- Zaller JG, 2007. Vermicompost as a substitute for peat in potting media: Effects on germination, biomass allocation, yields and fruit quality of three tomato varieties. Vol. 112(2): 191-199
- Zhang N, Ren Y, Shi Q, Wang X, Wei M, Yang F 2011. Effects of Vermicompost on Quality and Yield of Watermelon. China Vegetables, (6): 76-79.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Yapısal Biyoloji |
| Bölüm | ARAŞTIRMA MAKALESİ (Research Article) |
| Yazarlar | |
| Proje Numarası | KMYO BAP 2017/0001 |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 28 Şubat 2021 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 11 Mart 2020 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 30 Haziran 2020 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2021 |
Cited By
Effect of organic manures and biofertilizers on growth and yield of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus Thunb.)
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2022-JIF = 0.500
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