Öz
Oluklu makaralı ekici düzenine sahip ekim makinalarında farklı fiziksel özelliklere sahip tohumlar için başarılı bir dağıtım düzgünlüğü elde etmek kolay değildir. Bu nedenle, oluklu makaralı ekim makinalarında tohum akış oranı düzgünlüğünün iyileştirilmesi hala önemli bir araştırma odağıdır. Bu çalışmada, iri taneli tohumlar için tasarlanmış, oluk çapları 18, 20 ve 22 mm ve oluk derinlikleri 5, 8 ve 11 mm olan dokuz adet oluklu makara kuru fasulye tohumunun akış oranı düzgünlüğü için değerlendirilmiştir. Her bir oluklu makara, 80, 120 ve 160 kg ha-1 ekim normları için 1.0, 1.5 ve 2.0 m s-1 ilerleme hızlarında çalıştırıldı. Değerlendirmelerde tohumların akış hassasiyeti için performans dikkate alınır ve bunun için; varyasyon katsayısı değerleri kullanılmıştır. Üç tekerrürlü çalışmada her tekrardan elde edilen CV değerleri için istatistiksel analizler uygulanarak optimum boyutlar belirlenmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarına göre, öngörülen oluk çaplarının akış oranı düzgünlüğü üzerinde kararlı bir etkisinin olmadığı, oluk derinliği arttıkça akış oranı düzgünlüğünün kısmen arttığı, ekim normu ve ilerleme hızı arttıkça akışın daha iyi olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu bağlamda, en iyi tohum akış düzgünlüğü için optimum boyutlar, 8 mm'lik oluk derinliği, 160 kg ha-1 ekim normu ve 2,0 m s-1 ilerleme hızından elde edilmiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Oluk çapı oluk derinliği ekim normu ilerleme hızı kuru fasulye
Kaynakça
- Brown E 2003. Sowing Seeds for The Agricultural Revolution: Jethro Tull (1674-1741). Implement & Tractor Sept/Oct: 13.
- Down HW, Taylor RK 1986. Evaluation of Pneumatic Granular Herbicide Applicators for Seeding Small Grains in Oklahoma. Applied Engineering in Agriculture, 2(2): 58-63. doi: 10.13031/2013.26710
- Ess DR, Hawkins SE, Young JC, Christmas EP 2005. Evaluation of the Performance of a Belt Metering System for Soybeans Planted with a Grain Drill. Applied Engineering in Agriculture, 21(6): 965–969. doi: 10.13031/2013.20028
- Griepentrog HW 1994. Saatgutzuteilung von Raps. Forschungsbericht Agrartechnik der Max-EythGeselschaft (MEG) 247, Dissertation, Kiel.
- Griepentrog HW 1998. Seed Distribution Over the Area. EurAgEng. 98-A-059, Oslo.
- Halley RJ, Soffe RJ. 1988. The Agricultural Notebook, 18th edn. 689 p. London: Butterworths.
- Jin MF, Ding YQ, Yu HF, Liu HT, Jiang YZ, Fu XQ 2018. Optimal Structure Design and Performance Tests of Seed Metering Device with Fluted Rollers for Precision Wheat Seeding Machine. Ifac Papersonline 51: 509–514.
- Karayel D, Özmerzi A 2002. Effect of Tillage Methods on Sowing Uniformity of Maize. Canadian Biosystems Engineering 44: 2.23-2.26.
- Li L, Qian L, Yan-yan C 2016. Half-Precision Self-Walking Variable Fertilization Seeder Design. Int. J. Hybrid Inform. Technol. 9: 177–188.
- Maleki MR, Jafari JF, Raufat MH, Mouazen AM, Baerdemaeker JDe 2006. Evaluation of Seed Distribution Uniformity of a Multi-Flight Auger As a Grain Drill Metering Device. Biosystems Engineering, 94(4): 535-543.
- Nafziger ED 1996. Effects of Missing and Two Plant Hills on Corn Grain Yield. Journal of Production Agriculture 9(2): 238-240.
- Nukeshev S, Eskhozhin D, Lichman G, Karaivanov D, Zolotukhin E, Syzdykov D 2016. Theoretical Substantiation of the Design of a Seeding Device for Differentiated Intra Soil Application of Mineral Fertilizers. Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 64: 115–122. doi.org/10.11118/actaun201664010115
- Önal İ 2011. Planting Maintenance and Fertilization Machines. Ege University Faculty of Agriculture Publications, 623, İzmir.
- Parish RL, McCoy JE, Bracy RP 1999. Belt-Type Seeder for Soybeans. Applied Engineering in Agriculture 15(2): 103-106.
- Ryu IH, Kim KU 1998. Design of Roller Type Metering Device for Precision Planting. Transactions of the ASAE, 41(4): 923–930.
- Sugirbay AM, Zhao J, Nukeshev SO, Chen J 2020. Determination of Pin-Roller Parameters and Evaluation of the Uniformity of Granular Fertilizer Application Metering Devices in Precision Farming. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 179: 105835. doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2020.105835
- Turgut N, Özsert I, Kara Y, Yıldırım Y 1995. Effect of the Flute Shape of Fluted Feed Rolls Used in Seed Drills on Seed Flow Evenness. Agricultural Mechanization 22nd National Congress, pp. 148-155, Aydın, Turkey.
- Yang S, Wang X, Dou H, Gao Y, Zhao C 2018. Design and Test on Variable Rate Fertilization System Supporting Seeding and Fertilizing Monitoring. Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Trans. Chinese Soc. Agric. Mach. 49: 145–153.
- Yıldırım Y, Kuş E 2014. Flow Accuracy of Fluted Feed Roller Used in Seed Drill for Dry Bean Seed. 12th International Congress on Mechanization and Energy in Agriculture, pp. 295-300, Cappadocia, Turkey.
- Yıldırım Y, Kuş E 2016. Ekici Makaralarda Farklı Oluk Çap ve Derinliklerinin Soya Tohumunun Akış Düzgünlüğüne Etkileri. Tarım Makinaları Bilimi Dergisi, 12(2): 127-132.
Öz
ABSTRACT
It is not easy to achieve a successful distribution uniformity pattern for seeds of different physical properties in the seeders with fluted roller metering device. Therefore, improving the flow rate uniformity in fluted roller seeders is still an important research focus. In this study, the nine fluted rollers designed for coarse-grained seeds and with the flute diameters of 18, 20, and 22 mm and the flute depths of 5, 8, and 11 mm were evaluated for dry bean seed. Each fluted roller were operated at the ground speeds of 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 m s-1 for at the seed rates of 80, 120, and 160 kg ha-1. Performance for the flow accuracy of the seeds is taken into account in the evaluations and for this; the values of coefficient of variation were used. The optimum dimensions were determined by applying statistical analyses for the CV values obtained from each replication in the study conducted in three replications. According to the analysis results, it was determined that the prescribed flute diameters do not have a stable effect on the flow accuracy, the flow accuracy partially increased as flute depth was increased, and better as the seed rate and the speed of the feed shaft was increased. In this regard, the optimum dimensions for the best seed flow accuracy were obtained from the flute depth of 8 mm, seed rate of 160 kg ha-1, and at the ground speed of 2.0 m s-1.
Anahtar Kelimeler
flute diameter flute depth seed rate ground speed dry bean seed
Kaynakça
- Brown E 2003. Sowing Seeds for The Agricultural Revolution: Jethro Tull (1674-1741). Implement & Tractor Sept/Oct: 13.
- Down HW, Taylor RK 1986. Evaluation of Pneumatic Granular Herbicide Applicators for Seeding Small Grains in Oklahoma. Applied Engineering in Agriculture, 2(2): 58-63. doi: 10.13031/2013.26710
- Ess DR, Hawkins SE, Young JC, Christmas EP 2005. Evaluation of the Performance of a Belt Metering System for Soybeans Planted with a Grain Drill. Applied Engineering in Agriculture, 21(6): 965–969. doi: 10.13031/2013.20028
- Griepentrog HW 1994. Saatgutzuteilung von Raps. Forschungsbericht Agrartechnik der Max-EythGeselschaft (MEG) 247, Dissertation, Kiel.
- Griepentrog HW 1998. Seed Distribution Over the Area. EurAgEng. 98-A-059, Oslo.
- Halley RJ, Soffe RJ. 1988. The Agricultural Notebook, 18th edn. 689 p. London: Butterworths.
- Jin MF, Ding YQ, Yu HF, Liu HT, Jiang YZ, Fu XQ 2018. Optimal Structure Design and Performance Tests of Seed Metering Device with Fluted Rollers for Precision Wheat Seeding Machine. Ifac Papersonline 51: 509–514.
- Karayel D, Özmerzi A 2002. Effect of Tillage Methods on Sowing Uniformity of Maize. Canadian Biosystems Engineering 44: 2.23-2.26.
- Li L, Qian L, Yan-yan C 2016. Half-Precision Self-Walking Variable Fertilization Seeder Design. Int. J. Hybrid Inform. Technol. 9: 177–188.
- Maleki MR, Jafari JF, Raufat MH, Mouazen AM, Baerdemaeker JDe 2006. Evaluation of Seed Distribution Uniformity of a Multi-Flight Auger As a Grain Drill Metering Device. Biosystems Engineering, 94(4): 535-543.
- Nafziger ED 1996. Effects of Missing and Two Plant Hills on Corn Grain Yield. Journal of Production Agriculture 9(2): 238-240.
- Nukeshev S, Eskhozhin D, Lichman G, Karaivanov D, Zolotukhin E, Syzdykov D 2016. Theoretical Substantiation of the Design of a Seeding Device for Differentiated Intra Soil Application of Mineral Fertilizers. Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 64: 115–122. doi.org/10.11118/actaun201664010115
- Önal İ 2011. Planting Maintenance and Fertilization Machines. Ege University Faculty of Agriculture Publications, 623, İzmir.
- Parish RL, McCoy JE, Bracy RP 1999. Belt-Type Seeder for Soybeans. Applied Engineering in Agriculture 15(2): 103-106.
- Ryu IH, Kim KU 1998. Design of Roller Type Metering Device for Precision Planting. Transactions of the ASAE, 41(4): 923–930.
- Sugirbay AM, Zhao J, Nukeshev SO, Chen J 2020. Determination of Pin-Roller Parameters and Evaluation of the Uniformity of Granular Fertilizer Application Metering Devices in Precision Farming. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 179: 105835. doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2020.105835
- Turgut N, Özsert I, Kara Y, Yıldırım Y 1995. Effect of the Flute Shape of Fluted Feed Rolls Used in Seed Drills on Seed Flow Evenness. Agricultural Mechanization 22nd National Congress, pp. 148-155, Aydın, Turkey.
- Yang S, Wang X, Dou H, Gao Y, Zhao C 2018. Design and Test on Variable Rate Fertilization System Supporting Seeding and Fertilizing Monitoring. Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Trans. Chinese Soc. Agric. Mach. 49: 145–153.
- Yıldırım Y, Kuş E 2014. Flow Accuracy of Fluted Feed Roller Used in Seed Drill for Dry Bean Seed. 12th International Congress on Mechanization and Energy in Agriculture, pp. 295-300, Cappadocia, Turkey.
- Yıldırım Y, Kuş E 2016. Ekici Makaralarda Farklı Oluk Çap ve Derinliklerinin Soya Tohumunun Akış Düzgünlüğüne Etkileri. Tarım Makinaları Bilimi Dergisi, 12(2): 127-132.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Ziraat, Veterinerlik ve Gıda Bilimleri |
| Bölüm | ARAŞTIRMA MAKALESİ (Research Article) |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 30 Haziran 2022 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 19 Şubat 2021 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 10 Temmuz 2021 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2022 |
2022-JIF = 0.500
2022-JCI = 0.170
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