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Research Article
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Diurnal Ecophysiological Responses of Different Social Class Trees in an Oriental Beech Stand

Year 2018, Volume: 21 Issue: 3, 297 - 303, 15.06.2018

Ali Kemal Özbayram , Şemsettin Kulaç

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksudobil.311776

Abstract

The oriental beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) is one of the important tree species among
the broad-leaved species in Turkey. Tree social status can effect on
competition and access to light, and on availability of local environmental
resources, including water. The current study was conducted in 32 years old
pure oriental beech stand. In May 2016, xylem water potential, soil water
content and stomal conductivity were measured at six different time of day at
the southern-facing crowns of dominant, intermediate and suppressed trees. The
xylem water potential ranged between -0.18 and -1.28 MPa. The water potential
was the highest in predawn, the lowest in the midday, and then it rises again.
While all social classes were similar to predawn water potential, the water
potential difference between the dominant and suppressed trees increased
towards midday and decreased in the following hours. The dominant trees had the
lowest water potential, while the suppressed trees had the highest. Soil water
content decreased all soil layers throughout the day, especially in the top
layer. The midday stomatal conductance was highest in the suppressed trees (16.53
mmol m-2 s-1 ) and the lowest in
dominant trees (5.20 mmol m-2 s-1). It
can be concluded that oriental beech trees in different social status could
have different eco-physiological responses despite being in similar soil water
conditions.

Keywords

Oriental beech Stomatal conductance Soil water content Water potential

References

  • Anonim 2015. Türkiye orman varlığı. Orman ve Su İşleri Bakanlığı, Orman Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara.
  • Anonim 2016. Düzce meteoroloji istasyonu iklim verileri (1950-2015). Meteroloji Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara.
  • Baudis M, Ellerbrock RH, Felsmann K, Gessler A, Gimbel K, Kayler Z, Puhlmann H, Ulrich A, Weiler M, Welk E and others 2014. Intraspecific differences in responses to rainshelter-induced drought and competition of Fagus sylvatica L. across Germany. Forest Ecology and Management 330(0):283-293.
  • Bayraktar F, Tilki F 2015. Doğu kayınında (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) yükseltiye bağlı olarak transpirasyon, yaprak buhar basınç açıklığı ve yaprak su potansiyeli değişimi. Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi 16(1):94-100.
  • Bond BJ, Kavanagh KL 1999. Stomatal behavior of four woody species in relation to leaf-specific hydraulic conductance and threshold water potential. Tree Physiology 19(8):503-510.
  • Bréda N, Granier A, Aussenac G 1995. Effects of thinning on soil and tree water relations, transpiration and growth in an oak forest (Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.). Tree Physiology 15(5):295-306.
  • Bréda N, Huc R, Granier A, Dreyer E 2006. Temperate forest trees and stands under severe drought: a review of ecophysiological responses, adaptation processes and long-term consequences. Ann For Sci 63(6):625-644.
  • Chavarria G, dos Santos HP 2012. Plant water relations: absorption, transport and control mechanisms. In: Montanaro G, editor. Advances in Selected Plant Physiology Aspects: INTECH Open Access Publisher.
  • Çepel N 1995. Orman Ekolojisi. İstanbul Üniv. Orman Fakültesi. Seri no:2479/257
  • Deb SK, Shukla MK, Mexal JG 2012. Estimating midday leaf and stem water potentials of mature pecan trees from soil water content and climatic parameters. HortScience 47(7):907-916.
  • Deligöz A, Bayar E, Çankaya FG 2016. Effect of crown position on midday water potential of Cedrus libani trees. International Forestry Symposium (IFS 2016), Kastamonu, Turkey. p 409-415.
  • Fordyce IR, Duff GA, Eamus D 1997. The Water Relations of Allosyncarpia ternata (Myrtaceae) at Contrasting Sites in the Monsoonal Tropics of Northern Australia. Australian Journal of Botany 45(2):259-274.
  • Gallego H, Rico M, Moreno G, Santa Regina I 1994. Leaf water potential and stomatal conductance in Quercus pyrenaica Willd. forests: vertical gradients and response to environmental factors. Tree physiology 14(7):1039-1047.
  • Genç M, Özkan K, Özçelik R, Güner T, Gülsoy S, Deligöz A 2012. Anadolu karaçamı [Pinus nigra ssp. nigra Arn. var. caramanica (Loudon) Rehder] meşcerelerinde uygulanan ilk aralamaların ekofizyolojik etkileri. SDÜ Orman Fakültesi Dergisi 13:5-13.
  • Graham JS, Running SW 1984. Relative control of air temperature and water status on seasonal transpiration of Pinus contorta. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 14(6):833-838.
  • He J-S, Zhang Q-B, Bazzaz FA 2005. Differential drought responses between saplings and adult trees in four co-occurring species of New England. Trees 19(4):442-450.
  • Kezik U 2011. Güneydoğu anadolu bölgesindeki bozuk meşe baltalıklarında seyretmenin fotosentetik özellikler ile biyokütleye etkileri. Kahramanmaraş Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Master Tezi.
  • Kezik U, Kocaçınar F 2014. Kurak ve Yarı-Kurak Bölgelerde Yayılış Gösteren Quercus branthii L. Baltalıklarında Seyreltmenin Su Potansiyeli ve Sürgün Durumu Üzerine Etkisi. II Ulusal Akdeniz Orman ve Çevre Sempozyumu, Isparta. p 699-713.
  • Kimmins J 1997. Forest ecology: Prentice Hall Inc, NJ. Koike T, Kitao M, Maruyama Y, Mori S, Lei TT 2001. Leaf morphology and photosynthetic adjustments among deciduous broad-leaved trees within the vertical canopy profile. Tree Physiology 21(12):951-958.
  • Kozlowski TT, Pallardy SG 1996. The Physiological Ecology of Woody Plants. London: Academic Press.
  • Martín-Benito D, Cherubini P, del Río M, Cañellas I 2008. Growth response to climate and drought in Pinus nigra Arn. trees of different crown classes. Trees 22(3):363-373.
  • Orwig DA, Abrams MD 1997. Variation in radial growth responses to drought among species, site, and canopy strata. Trees 11(8):474-484.
  • Otieno DO, Schmidt MWT, Kurz-Besson C, Do Vale RL, Pereira JS, Tenhunen JD 2007. Regulation of transpirational water loss in Quercus suber trees in a Mediterranean-type ecosystem. Tree Physiology 27(8):1179-1187.
  • Özbayram AK, Güvendi E 2016. Sinop Yöresi Doğu Kayını (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) Meşcerelerinde Kalın Kök Biyokütlesi ile Bazı Yetişme Ortamı ve Meşcere Özellikleri Arasındaki İlişkiler. Ormancılık Dergisi 12(2):27-33.
  • Özbayram AK, Yilmaz F, Kulaç Ş 2016. Influance of thinning on reducing summer drought stress in oriental beech forest in Duzce, Turkey (Abstract). International Conference on Engineering and Natural Sciences (ICENS), Sarajevo. p 710.
  • Peiffer M, Bréda N, Badeau V, Granier A 2014. Disturbances in European beech water relation during an extreme drought. Annals of Forest Science 71(7):821-829.
  • Pezeshki SR, Hinckley TM 1982. The stomatal response of red alder and black cottonwood to changing water status. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 12(4):761-771.
  • Pichler P, Oberhuber W 2007. Radial growth response of coniferous forest trees in an inner Alpine environment to heat-wave in 2003. Forest Ecology and Management 242(2–3):688-699.
  • Prior LD, Eamus D, Duff GA 1997. Seasonal and Diurnal Patterns of Carbon Assimilation, Stomatal Conductance and Leaf Water Potential in Eucalyptus tetrodonta Saplings in a Wet-Dry Savanna in Northern Australia. Australian Journal of Botany 45(2):241-258.
  • Running SW 1976. Environmental control of leaf water conductance in conifers. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 6(1):104-112.
  • Schmid I, Kazda M 2005. Clustered root distribution in mature stands of Fagus sylvatica and Picea abies. Oecologia 144(1):25-31.
  • Scholander PF, Bradstreet ED, Hemmingsen EA, Hammel HT 1965. Sap Pressure in Vascular Plants: Negative hydrostatic pressure can be measured in plants. Science 148(3668):339-346.
  • Schulze E-D, Hall AE 1982. Stomatal Responses, Water Loss and CO2 Assimilation Rates of Plants in Contrasting Environments. In: Lange OL, Nobel PS, Osmond CB, Ziegler H, editors. Physiological Plant Ecology II: Water Relations and Carbon Assimilation. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg. 181-230.
  • Sellin A, Kupper P 2007. Effects of enhanced hydraulic supply for foliage on stomatal responses in little-leaf linden (Tilia cordata Mill.). European Journal of Forest Research 126(2):241-251.
  • Shainsky L, Yoder B, Harrington T, Chan S 1994. Physiological characteristics of red alder: water relations and photosynthesis. The Biology and Management of Red Alder Eds DE Hibbs, DS DeBell and RF Tarrant Oregon State University Press, Corvallis, OR:73-91.
  • Taiz L, Zeiger E 2008. Bitki fizyolojisi. Türkan İ, translator: Çeviren İsmail Türkan, Palme Yayıncılık.
  • Tan CS, Black TA, Nnyamah JU 1977. Characteristics of stomatal diffusion resistance in a Douglas fir forest exposed to soil water deficits. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 7(4):595-604.

Bir Doğu Kayını Meşceresinde Farklı Sosyal Sınıftaki Ağaçlarda Günlük Ekofizyolojik Tepkiler

Year 2018, Volume: 21 Issue: 3, 297 - 303, 15.06.2018

Ali Kemal Özbayram , Şemsettin Kulaç

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksudobil.311776

Abstract

Doğu kayını (Fagus
orientalis Lipsky) ülkemizin önemli yapraklı ağaç türlerinden biridir.
Ağaçlar arasındaki sosyal statü farkı rekabet baskısını, ışığa erişimi ve su
gibi yerel çevre kaynaklarının kullanılabilirliği etkileyebilmektedir. Bu
çalışmanın amacı, saf ve aynı yaşlı doğu kayını meşceresinde galip, ara ve
mağlup durumdaki ağaçların ksilem su potansiyeli, toprak suyu miktarı ve stoma
iletkenliğinin gün içi değişimini belirlemektir. Dokuz adet seçilen örnek
ağaçların güneye bakan tepe kısımlarında su potansiyeli ile gün ortası stoma
iletkenliği gün öncesi (04:30) ve günün 5 farklı zamanında (saat 09:40, 12:30,
14:30, 17:00, 19:00) ölçülmüştür. Ayrıca su potansiyelinin ölçüldüğü zaman
dilimlerinde toprak suyu ölçümleri de gerçekleştirilmiştir. Su potansiyeli
galip tabakadaki ağaçlarda -0.23 ile -1.46 MPa arasında, ara tabakadaki
ağaçlarda -0.19 ile -1.30 MPa arasında, mağlup tabakada ise -0.11 ile -1.10 MPa
arasında değişmektedir. Tüm sınıflarda şafak öncesi su potansiyeli en yüksek
değerde iken, gün ortasında (saat 12.30) en düşük seviyesine inmekte, sonraki
ölçüm zamanlarında ise tekrar yükselmektedir. Tüm sosyal sınıftaki ağaçların
şafak öncesi su potansiyeli değeri benzer iken, saat 9:40 ile 17:00 arasındaki
ölçümlerde galip ağaçların su potansiyeli değeri diğer sınıflardan daha düşük
ölçülmüştür. Toprak suyu miktarı gün boyunca azalmış, anlamlı en yüksek azalma
üst toprak katmanında olmuştur. Gün ortası stoma iletkenliği 16.53 mmol m-2
s-1 ile en yüksek mağlup tabakada, en düşük 5.20 mmol m-2
s-1 ile galip tabakada ölçülmüştür. Sonuç olarak, değişik sosyal
sınıftaki kayın ağaçları aynı toprak suyu koşullarında bulunmalarına rağmen gün
içerisinde farklı ekofizyolojik tepkiler verebilmektedir.

Keywords

Doğu kayını Su potansiyeli Stoma iletkenliği Toprak suyu içeriği

References

  • Anonim 2015. Türkiye orman varlığı. Orman ve Su İşleri Bakanlığı, Orman Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara.
  • Anonim 2016. Düzce meteoroloji istasyonu iklim verileri (1950-2015). Meteroloji Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara.
  • Baudis M, Ellerbrock RH, Felsmann K, Gessler A, Gimbel K, Kayler Z, Puhlmann H, Ulrich A, Weiler M, Welk E and others 2014. Intraspecific differences in responses to rainshelter-induced drought and competition of Fagus sylvatica L. across Germany. Forest Ecology and Management 330(0):283-293.
  • Bayraktar F, Tilki F 2015. Doğu kayınında (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) yükseltiye bağlı olarak transpirasyon, yaprak buhar basınç açıklığı ve yaprak su potansiyeli değişimi. Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi 16(1):94-100.
  • Bond BJ, Kavanagh KL 1999. Stomatal behavior of four woody species in relation to leaf-specific hydraulic conductance and threshold water potential. Tree Physiology 19(8):503-510.
  • Bréda N, Granier A, Aussenac G 1995. Effects of thinning on soil and tree water relations, transpiration and growth in an oak forest (Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.). Tree Physiology 15(5):295-306.
  • Bréda N, Huc R, Granier A, Dreyer E 2006. Temperate forest trees and stands under severe drought: a review of ecophysiological responses, adaptation processes and long-term consequences. Ann For Sci 63(6):625-644.
  • Chavarria G, dos Santos HP 2012. Plant water relations: absorption, transport and control mechanisms. In: Montanaro G, editor. Advances in Selected Plant Physiology Aspects: INTECH Open Access Publisher.
  • Çepel N 1995. Orman Ekolojisi. İstanbul Üniv. Orman Fakültesi. Seri no:2479/257
  • Deb SK, Shukla MK, Mexal JG 2012. Estimating midday leaf and stem water potentials of mature pecan trees from soil water content and climatic parameters. HortScience 47(7):907-916.
  • Deligöz A, Bayar E, Çankaya FG 2016. Effect of crown position on midday water potential of Cedrus libani trees. International Forestry Symposium (IFS 2016), Kastamonu, Turkey. p 409-415.
  • Fordyce IR, Duff GA, Eamus D 1997. The Water Relations of Allosyncarpia ternata (Myrtaceae) at Contrasting Sites in the Monsoonal Tropics of Northern Australia. Australian Journal of Botany 45(2):259-274.
  • Gallego H, Rico M, Moreno G, Santa Regina I 1994. Leaf water potential and stomatal conductance in Quercus pyrenaica Willd. forests: vertical gradients and response to environmental factors. Tree physiology 14(7):1039-1047.
  • Genç M, Özkan K, Özçelik R, Güner T, Gülsoy S, Deligöz A 2012. Anadolu karaçamı [Pinus nigra ssp. nigra Arn. var. caramanica (Loudon) Rehder] meşcerelerinde uygulanan ilk aralamaların ekofizyolojik etkileri. SDÜ Orman Fakültesi Dergisi 13:5-13.
  • Graham JS, Running SW 1984. Relative control of air temperature and water status on seasonal transpiration of Pinus contorta. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 14(6):833-838.
  • He J-S, Zhang Q-B, Bazzaz FA 2005. Differential drought responses between saplings and adult trees in four co-occurring species of New England. Trees 19(4):442-450.
  • Kezik U 2011. Güneydoğu anadolu bölgesindeki bozuk meşe baltalıklarında seyretmenin fotosentetik özellikler ile biyokütleye etkileri. Kahramanmaraş Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Master Tezi.
  • Kezik U, Kocaçınar F 2014. Kurak ve Yarı-Kurak Bölgelerde Yayılış Gösteren Quercus branthii L. Baltalıklarında Seyreltmenin Su Potansiyeli ve Sürgün Durumu Üzerine Etkisi. II Ulusal Akdeniz Orman ve Çevre Sempozyumu, Isparta. p 699-713.
  • Kimmins J 1997. Forest ecology: Prentice Hall Inc, NJ. Koike T, Kitao M, Maruyama Y, Mori S, Lei TT 2001. Leaf morphology and photosynthetic adjustments among deciduous broad-leaved trees within the vertical canopy profile. Tree Physiology 21(12):951-958.
  • Kozlowski TT, Pallardy SG 1996. The Physiological Ecology of Woody Plants. London: Academic Press.
  • Martín-Benito D, Cherubini P, del Río M, Cañellas I 2008. Growth response to climate and drought in Pinus nigra Arn. trees of different crown classes. Trees 22(3):363-373.
  • Orwig DA, Abrams MD 1997. Variation in radial growth responses to drought among species, site, and canopy strata. Trees 11(8):474-484.
  • Otieno DO, Schmidt MWT, Kurz-Besson C, Do Vale RL, Pereira JS, Tenhunen JD 2007. Regulation of transpirational water loss in Quercus suber trees in a Mediterranean-type ecosystem. Tree Physiology 27(8):1179-1187.
  • Özbayram AK, Güvendi E 2016. Sinop Yöresi Doğu Kayını (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) Meşcerelerinde Kalın Kök Biyokütlesi ile Bazı Yetişme Ortamı ve Meşcere Özellikleri Arasındaki İlişkiler. Ormancılık Dergisi 12(2):27-33.
  • Özbayram AK, Yilmaz F, Kulaç Ş 2016. Influance of thinning on reducing summer drought stress in oriental beech forest in Duzce, Turkey (Abstract). International Conference on Engineering and Natural Sciences (ICENS), Sarajevo. p 710.
  • Peiffer M, Bréda N, Badeau V, Granier A 2014. Disturbances in European beech water relation during an extreme drought. Annals of Forest Science 71(7):821-829.
  • Pezeshki SR, Hinckley TM 1982. The stomatal response of red alder and black cottonwood to changing water status. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 12(4):761-771.
  • Pichler P, Oberhuber W 2007. Radial growth response of coniferous forest trees in an inner Alpine environment to heat-wave in 2003. Forest Ecology and Management 242(2–3):688-699.
  • Prior LD, Eamus D, Duff GA 1997. Seasonal and Diurnal Patterns of Carbon Assimilation, Stomatal Conductance and Leaf Water Potential in Eucalyptus tetrodonta Saplings in a Wet-Dry Savanna in Northern Australia. Australian Journal of Botany 45(2):241-258.
  • Running SW 1976. Environmental control of leaf water conductance in conifers. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 6(1):104-112.
  • Schmid I, Kazda M 2005. Clustered root distribution in mature stands of Fagus sylvatica and Picea abies. Oecologia 144(1):25-31.
  • Scholander PF, Bradstreet ED, Hemmingsen EA, Hammel HT 1965. Sap Pressure in Vascular Plants: Negative hydrostatic pressure can be measured in plants. Science 148(3668):339-346.
  • Schulze E-D, Hall AE 1982. Stomatal Responses, Water Loss and CO2 Assimilation Rates of Plants in Contrasting Environments. In: Lange OL, Nobel PS, Osmond CB, Ziegler H, editors. Physiological Plant Ecology II: Water Relations and Carbon Assimilation. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg. 181-230.
  • Sellin A, Kupper P 2007. Effects of enhanced hydraulic supply for foliage on stomatal responses in little-leaf linden (Tilia cordata Mill.). European Journal of Forest Research 126(2):241-251.
  • Shainsky L, Yoder B, Harrington T, Chan S 1994. Physiological characteristics of red alder: water relations and photosynthesis. The Biology and Management of Red Alder Eds DE Hibbs, DS DeBell and RF Tarrant Oregon State University Press, Corvallis, OR:73-91.
  • Taiz L, Zeiger E 2008. Bitki fizyolojisi. Türkan İ, translator: Çeviren İsmail Türkan, Palme Yayıncılık.
  • Tan CS, Black TA, Nnyamah JU 1977. Characteristics of stomatal diffusion resistance in a Douglas fir forest exposed to soil water deficits. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 7(4):595-604.
There are 37 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section RESEARCH ARTICLE
Authors

Ali Kemal Özbayram 0000-0002-5922-1751

Şemsettin Kulaç 0000-0002-8398-3246

Publication Date June 15, 2018
Submission Date May 10, 2017
Acceptance Date October 3, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 21 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Özbayram, A. K., & Kulaç, Ş. (2018). Bir Doğu Kayını Meşceresinde Farklı Sosyal Sınıftaki Ağaçlarda Günlük Ekofizyolojik Tepkiler. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım Ve Doğa Dergisi, 21(3), 297-303. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksudobil.311776
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