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Identification of Pectobacterium Isolates Causing Bacterial Soft Rot Disease in White Head Cabbage Production Areas of Yozgat Province

Year 2022, Volume: 25 Issue: 3, 495 - 503, 30.06.2022

Murat Ozturk , Soner Soylu

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.943765
Cited By: 2

Abstract

During the 2018-2019 vegetation period, survey was conducted to identify soft rot disease agent in the white head cabbage production areas of Yozgat. Crystal Violet Pectate (CVP) medium was used for the isolation of bacterial agent from tissues showing watery-wet lesions and rotting signs on leaves, stems and roots. A total of 16 pectolytic isolates that formed cavity in the CVP medium were obtained from 24 suspicious plant samples collected from different fields. The colonies of bacterial isolates detected as transparent, convex and crater with edges were gram negative, facultative anaerobe, oxidase negative, catalase positive, and did not show fluorescence on the King B-medium under UV-light. It has been determined that isolates caused soft rot symptoms in potato slices and cabbage plants could grow at 37 ºC, had turbidity in liquid medium containing 5% NaCl and cause hypersensitivity reaction in tobacco leaves. In PCR analyses with obtained 16 isolates revealed that all of the isolates generated 434 bp and 550 bp PCR product using Y1/Y2 and EXPCCF/EXCPCCR primers which were recommended for the identification of Pectobacterium spp, and P. carotovorum subsp. carotovorum, respectively. Based on biochemical, physiological, pathogenicity and molecular analysis results, 16 isolates were identified as P. carotovorum subsp. carotovorum. It has been also observed that all pathogenic isolates caused signs of soft rot in the form of watery-wet lesions in artificially inoculated cabbage plants. It was determined for the first time with this study that P. carotovorum subsp. carotovorum is the source of soft rot disease infection in the white head cabbage production areas of Yozgat province.

Keywords

Bacterial disease Soft rot Pectobacterium White head cabbage Yozgat province

Project Number

6602c-ZF/18-237

References

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Yozgat İli Beyaz Baş Lahana Üretim Alanlarında Bakteriyel Yumuşak Çürüklük Hastalığına Neden Olan Pectobacterium İzolatlarının Tanılanması

Year 2022, Volume: 25 Issue: 3, 495 - 503, 30.06.2022

Murat Ozturk , Soner Soylu

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.943765
Cited By: 2

Abstract

Yozgat ili lahana üretim alanlarında 2018-2019 vejetasyon döneminde yumuşak çürüklük hastalık etmenlerinin tanılanmasına yönelik survey çalışmaları yapılmıştır. Yaprak, gövde ve kök kısımlarında sulu-ıslak lezyonlar ve çürüme belirtisi sergileyen dokulardan bakteriyel etmeninin izolasyonu için Crystal Violet Pectate (CVP) besi yeri kullanılmıştır. Farklı tarlalardan toplanan 24 şüpheli bitki örneğinden CVP besi yerinde çukur oluşturan 16 adet pektolitik izolat elde edilmiştir. Şeffaf, konveks ve kenarları krater formda olduğu tespit edilen bakteriyel izolatların gram negatif, fakültative anaerob, oksidaz negatif, katalaz pozitif, UV-ışık altında King B besi yerindeki kolonilerinin floresans parlama göstermediği belirlenmiştir. Patates dilimlerinde ve lahana bitkilerinde yumuşak çürüklük belirtilerine neden olan izolatların 37 ºC’de gelişebildiği, %5’lik NaCl içeren sıvı besi yerinde türbidite oluşturduğu ve tütün yapraklarında aşırı duyarlılık reaksiyonuna neden olduğu belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen 16 izolat ile yapılan PCR analizlerde, izolatların tamamı Pectobacterium spp. için spesifik Y1/Y2 primerleri ile 434 bç, P. carotovorum subsp. carotovorum için spesifik EXPCCF/EXCPCCR primerleri ile ise 550 bç büyüklüğünde PCR ürünü oluşturmuştur. Yapılan biyokimyasal, fizyolojik, patojenite ve moleküler analizler sonucu test edilen 16 izolatın P. carotovorum subsp. carotovorum olduğunu göstermiştir. Yapay inokulasyon yapılan lahana bitkilerinde patojenik izolatların sulu-ıslak lezyonlar şeklinde yumuşak çürüklük belirtilerine neden olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. P. carotovorum subsp. carotovorum’un Yozgat ili beyaz baş lahana üretim alanlarında yumuşak çürüklük hastalığının enfeksiyon kaynağı olduğu ilk kez bu çalışma ile tespit edilmiştir.

Keywords

Bakteriyel hastalık Yumuşak çürüklük Pectobacterium Beyaz baş lahana Yozgat ili

Supporting Institution

Yozgat Bozok Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Komisyonu Başkanlığı

Project Number

6602c-ZF/18-237

Thanks

Bu çalışma, Yozgat Bozok Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Komisyonu Başkanlığı tarafından finansal olarak desteklenmiştir

References

  • Aksoy HM, Ozturk M, Aktas A 2017a. First report of Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum causing soft rot on white head cabbage in Turkey. Journal of Plant Pathology 99(3): 810.
  • Aksoy HM, Kaya Y, Ozturk M, Secgin Z, Onder H, Okumus A 2017. Pseudomonas putida–Induced response in phenolic profile of tomato seedlings (Solanum lycopersicum L.) infected by Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis. Biological Control, 105: 6-12.
  • Alvarado ICM, Michereff SJ, Mariano RLR, Souza EB, Quezado-Duval AM, Resende LV, Cardosa E, Mizubuti ESG 2011. Characterization and variability of soft rot-causing bacteria in Chinese cabbage in North Eastern Brazil. Journal of Plant Pathology 93: 173-181.
  • Anonim 2020. TUİK Bitkisel Üretim İstatistikleri. https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/medas/?kn=92&locale=tr (Erişim Tarihi: 21.04.2021)
  • Anoymous 2018. FAOSTAT, World Production Quantities of Crops http://www.fao.org (Erişim tarihi: 21.04.2021).
  • Arsenuević M, Obradović A 1996. Occurrence of bacterial wilt and soft rot of seed cabbage plants (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.) in Yugoslavia. Journal of phytopathology 144(6): 315-319.
  • Aysan Y, Mirik M, Saygili H, Sahin F 2004. New symptoms of tomato soft rot diseases in Turkey. In I International Symposium on Tomato Diseases 695 (pp. 291-294).
  • Balkaya A, Sarıbaş Ş, Özgen T 2017. Türkiye’de kışlık sebze türlerinin tarımsal üretimdeki yeri ve önemi. Türktob Dergisi 20: 8-12.
  • Bhat KA, Bhat NA, Masoodi SD, Mir SA, Zargar MY, Sheikh PA 2010. Studies on status and host range of soft rot disease of cabbage (Brassica oleracea var Capitata) Kashmir Valley. Journal of Phytology 2(10):55-59.
  • Barras F, van Gijsegem F, Chatterjee AK 1994. Extracellular enzymes and pathogenesis of soft-rot Erwinia. Annual Review of Phytopathology 32(1): 201-234. Basım H, Basım E, Baki D, Turgut A 2019. Wet rot disease of banana (Musa sp.) caused by Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum in Turkey. Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology 41(2): 174-187.
  • Baştaş KK, Hekimhan H, Maden S, Tör M 2009. First report of bacterial stalk and head rot disease caused by Pectobacterium atrosepticum on sunflower in Turkey. Plant Disease 93(12): 1352-1352.
  • Benlioğlu K 1991. Bolu, Nevşehir ve Niğde illerinde patates üretim alanlarında Erwinia spp.’nin yaygınlık oranları, tanılanması ve inokulum kaynakları üzerinde araştırmalar. Ege Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Doktora tezi, İzmir.
  • Benlioğlu K, Öktem YE, Özakman M 1991. Bacterial diseases of potatoes in the major potato‐growing areas in Turkey. EPPO Bulletin 21(1): 67-72.
  • Boyraz N, Bastas KK, Maden S, Yasar A 2006. Bacterial leaf and peduncle soft rot caused by Pectobacterium carotovorum on tulips in Konya, Turkey. Phytoparasitica 34(3): 272-280.
  • Cariddi C, Sanzani SM 2013. A severe outbreak of bacterial lettuce soft rot caused by Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum in Apulia (Italy). Journal of Plant Pathology, 95:441-446.
  • Caruso A, Licciardello G, La Rosa R, Catara V, Bella P 2016. Mixed infection of Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum and P. carotovorum subsp. brasiliensis in tomato stem rot in Italy. Journal of Plant Pathology 98(3): 661-665.
  • Cetinkaya-Yildiz R, Mirik M, Aysan Y, Kusek M, Sahin F 2004. An outbreak of bacterial stem rot of Dieffenbachia amoena caused by Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora in the Eastern Mediterranean Region of Turkey. Plant Disease 88(3): 310-310.
  • Charkowski AO 2015. Biology and control of Pectobacterium in potato. American Journal of Potato Research 92(2): 223-229.
  • Charkowski AO 2018. The changing face of bacterial soft-rot diseases. Annual Review of Phytopathology 56: 269-288.
  • Czajkowski R, Perombelon MC, van Veen JA, van der Wolf JM 2011. Control of blackleg and tuber soft rot of potato caused by Pectobacterium and Dickeya species: a review. Plant Pathology 60(6): 999-1013.
  • Czajkowski R, Pérombelon MCM, Jafra S, Lojkowska E, Potrykus M, Van Der Wolf, JM, Sledz W 2015. Detection, identification and differentiation of Pectobacterium and Dickeya species causing potato blackleg and tuber soft rot: a review. Annals of Applied Biology 166(1): 18-38.
  • Darrasse A, Priou S, Kotoujansky A, Bertheau Y 1994. PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism of a pel gene as a tool to identify Erwinia carotovora in relation to potato diseases. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 60(5): 1437-1443.
  • De Boer SH, Li X, Ward LJ 2012. Pectobacterium spp. associated with bacterial stem rot syndrome of potato in Canada. Phytopathology 102(10): 937-947.
  • Dees MW, Lebecka R, Perminow JIS, Czajkowski R, Motyka A, Zoledowska S, Sliwka E, Lojkowska E, Brurberg MB 2017. Characterization of Dickeya and Pectobacterium strains obtained from diseased potato plants in different climatic conditions of Norway and Poland. European Journal of Plant Pathology 148(4): 839-851.
  • Duarte V, De Boer SH, Ward LJ, De Oliveira AMR 2004. Characterization of atypical Erwinia carotovora strains causing blackleg of potato in Brazil. Journal of Applied Microbiology 96(3): 535-545.
  • Dadaşoğlu F, Kotan R 2017. Bazı sebze ve meyvelerde yumuşak çürüklük oluşturan pektolitik bakterilerin tanı ve karakterizasyonu. Iğdır Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 7(1): 155-161.
  • Fiori M, Schiaffino A 2004. Bacterial stem rot in greenhouse pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) in Sardinia (Italy): Occurrence of Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora. Journal of Phytopathology 152(1): 28-33.
  • Frechon D, Exbrayat P, Helias V, Hyman LJ, Jouan B, Llop P, Lopez MM, Payet N, Perombelon MCM, Toth IK, van Beckhoven JRCM, van der Wolf JM, Bertheau Y 1998. Evaluation of a PCR kit for the detection of Erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica on potato tubers. Potato Research 41(2): 163-173.
  • Gardan L, Gouy C, Christen R, Samson R 2003. Elevation of three subspecies of Pectobacterium carotovorum to species level: Pectobacterium atrosepticum sp. nov., Pectobacterium betavasculorum sp. nov. and Pectobacterium wasabiae sp. nov. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 53(2): 381-391.
  • Golkhandan E, Kamaruzaman S, Sariah M, Abidin MZ, Nasehi A, Nazerian E 2013. First report of soft rot caused by Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum on pepper fruits (Capsicum annuum) in Malaysia. Plant Disease 97(8): 1109-1109.
  • Hauben L, Moore ER, Vauterin L, Steenackers M, Mergaert J, Verdonck L, Swings J 1998. Phylogenetic position of phytopathogens within the Enterobacteriaceae. Systematic and Applied Microbiology 21(3): 384-397.
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Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Agricultural, Veterinary and Food Sciences
Journal Section RESEARCH ARTICLE
Authors

Murat Ozturk 0000-0002-9677-3651

Soner Soylu 0000-0003-1002-8958

Project Number 6602c-ZF/18-237
Publication Date June 30, 2022
Submission Date May 27, 2021
Acceptance Date July 8, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 25 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Ozturk, M., & Soylu, S. (2022). Yozgat İli Beyaz Baş Lahana Üretim Alanlarında Bakteriyel Yumuşak Çürüklük Hastalığına Neden Olan Pectobacterium İzolatlarının Tanılanması. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım Ve Doğa Dergisi, 25(3), 495-503. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.943765

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