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Giresun’da Yetişen Fındık Ağacı (Corylus avellana L.) Yapraklarında Bazı Fenolik Bileşiklerin ve Antioksidan Aktivitelerinin Araştırılması

Year 2023, Volume: 26 Issue: 2, 234 - 244, 30.04.2023

Mehmet Emin Şeker , Ayça Aktaş Karaçelik

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1094507

Abstract

Fındık (Corylus avellana L.), ekonomik değeri yüksek, küresel üretimi önemli olan bir üründür. Ancak fındık yaprakları ile ilgili çalışmalar bugüne kadar sınırlı kalmıştır. Bu çalışmada, Giresun’un iki ayrı bölgesinden toplanan üç çeşit (Yağlı (Tombul), Sivri ve Ham) fındık ağacı yaprağı infüzyon yöntemi ile ekstrakte edilmiştir. Analiz öncesinde ekstraktların glove box içerisinde buharlaştırılması ve örneklerin hazırlanması bu çalışmanın en kritik noktalarından birisidir. Ekstraktlarda fenolik bileşiklerin miktarları, toplam fenolik madde miktarı ve antioksidan aktivitelerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Fenolik bileşiklerin tayini Sıvı Kromatografi – Kütle Spektroskometri (LC-MS/MS) ile ve toplam fenolik miktarı ise Folin-Ciocâlteu yöntemi ile belirlenmiştir. Antioksidan aktivite, 2,2-azino-bis(3etilbenzo-tiazolin-6-sülfonik asit (ABTS•+), 2,2-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH•) radikal giderme aktiviteleri ve demir (III) indirgeme / antioksidan güç (FRAP) yöntemleri ile test edilmiştir. Espiye Merkez’den toplanan tombul fındık ağacı yaprağı (TFE) ekstraktı en yüksek ABTS•+ radikal giderme (SC50: 0.00023±3.9E-06 mg mL-1) ve FRAP (882.75±8.24 µM TEAC (Trolox Eşdeğer Antioksidan Kapasitesi) antioksidan aktivitesi sergiledi. Ayrıca, Espiye Merkez’den toplanan ham fındık ağacı yaprağı (HFE) (SC50: 0.00033±1.3E-06 mg mL-1) ve tombul fındık ağacı yaprağı (TFE) (SC50: 0.00034±1.7E-06 mg mL-1) ekstraktları hemen hemen aynı DPPH• giderme aktivitesi sergiledi. TFE ekstraktı en yüksek toplam fenolik içeriğe (163.33±4.36 GAE (Gallik Asit Eşdeğeri) µg mL-1 ve 228.67±6.11 KE (Kateşin Eşdeğeri) µg mL-1) sahipti. Analizlenen yapraklarda gallik asit, kateşin, epikateşin, taksifolin, elajik asit, kuersetin ve kafeik asit tespit edilmiştir. Giresun’dan toplanan tombul fındık yapraklarında (TFG) ve sivri fındık yapraklarında (SFY) kateşin miktarları sırasıyla 192.05±1.74 ve 367.63±2.6 µg g-1 olarak bulunmuştur.

Keywords

Fındık yaprağı Antioksidan aktivite Fenolik bileşikler Toplam fenolik içerik Corylus avellana

Supporting Institution

Giresun Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Komisyonu

Project Number

FEN-BAP-A-140316-69

Thanks

Bu çalışmayı FEN-BAP-A-140316-69 proje numarası ile destekleyen Giresun Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Komisyonuna, Glove Box kullanımındaki yardımlarından dolayı Dr. Ahmet KARAÇELİK ve Prof. Dr. Saim TOPÇU’ya teşekkür ederiz.

References

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Investigation of Some Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activities of the Hazelnut Tree (Corylus avellana L.) Leaves Grown in Giresun

Year 2023, Volume: 26 Issue: 2, 234 - 244, 30.04.2023

Mehmet Emin Şeker , Ayça Aktaş Karaçelik

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1094507

Abstract

Hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) is an essential product with high economic value in global production. However, studies on hazelnut leaves have been limited so far. In this study, three types of (Yağlı (Tombul), Sivri and Haz) hazelnut tree leaves collected from two regions of Giresun were extracted with infusion method. Evaporation of the extracts and preparation of the samples in the glove box prior to analysis is one of the most critical points of this study. It was aimed to determine the amounts of phenolic compounds, the total amount of phenolic content and antioxidant activities in the extracts. The determination of phenolic compounds was determined by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and total phenolic content was determined by Folin-Ciocâlteu method. Antioxidant activity, 2,2-azino-bis(3ethylbenzo-thiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS•+), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil (DPPH•) radical scavenging activities and iron (III) reduction/antioxidant power) tested with FRAP methods. The chubby hazelnut tree leaves (TFE) extract collected from Espiye Merkez has the highest ABTS•+ radical scavenging (SC50: 0.00023±3.9E-06 mg mL-1) and FRAP (882.75±8.24 µM TEAC) (Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity) exhibited antioxidant activity. In addition, raw hazelnut tree leaves (HFE) (SC50: 0.00033±1.3E-06 mg mL-1) and chubby hazelnut tree leaves (TFE) (SC50: 0.00034±1.7E-06 mg mL-1) collected from Espiye Merkez extracts exhibited almost the same DPPH• scavenging activity. TFE extract had the highest total phenolic content (163.33±4.36 GAE (Gallic Acid Equivalent) µg mL-1 and 228.67±6.11 CE (Catechin Equivalent) µg mL-1). Gallic acid, catechin, epicatechin, taxifolin, ellagic acid, quercetin and caffeic acid were detected in the analyzed leaves. The catechin amounts were 192.05±1.74 and 367.63±2.6 µg g-1 in the chubby (TFG) and pointed hazelnut leaves (SFY), respectively.

Keywords

Hazelnut Leaf Antioxidant activity Phenolic compounds Total phenolic content Corylus avellana

Project Number

FEN-BAP-A-140316-69

References

  • Alasalvar, C., & Bolling, B. W. (2015). Review of nut phytochemicals, fat-soluble bioactives, antioxidant components and health effects. British Journal of Nutrition, 113(S2), S68-S78. https://doi.org/ 10.1017/S0007114514003729
  • Alasalvar, C., Karamać, M., Amarowicz, R., & Shahidi, F. (2006). Antioxidant and antiradical activities in extracts of hazelnut kernel (Corylus avellana L.) and hazelnut green leafy cover. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 54(13), 4826-4832. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0601259
  • Alasalvar, C., & Shahidi, F. (2009). Natural antioxidants in tree nuts. European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology, 111(11), 1056-1062. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejlt.200900098
  • Amaral, J. S., Ferreres, F., Andrade, P. B., Valentão, P., Pinheiro, C., Santos, A., & Seabra, R. (2005). Phenolic profile of hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) leaves cultivars grown in Portugal. Natural product research, 19(2), 157-163. https://doi.org/10.1080/ 14786410410001704778
  • Ashby, E. C., & Schwartz, R. D. (1974). A glove BOX system for the manipulation of air sensitive compounds. Journal of Chemical Education, 51(1), 65. https://doi.org/10.1021/ed051p65
  • Altunpala, B., & Bozoğlu, M. (2018). Fındık İşletmelerinin Destekleme Düzeyine Bağlı Yetiştirme İstekliliği. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi, 21(1), 161-167. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi. 472179
  • Benzil, I. F., & Strain, J. J. (1999). Ferric reducing antioxidant power assay: direct measure of total antioxidant activity of biological fluids and modified version for simultaneous measurement of total antioxidant power and ascorbic acid concentration. Methods Enzymol, 299, 15-27.
  • Biesaga, M. (2011). Influence of extraction methods on stability of flavonoids. Journal of chromatography A,1218(18), 2505-2512. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. chroma.2011.02.059
  • Bolling, B. W., Chen, C. Y. O., McKay, D. L., & Blumberg, J. B. (2011). Tree nut phytochemicals: composition, antioxidant capacity, bioactivity, impact factors. A systematic review of almonds, Brazils, cashews, hazelnuts, macadamias, pecans, pine nuts, pistachios and walnuts. Nutrition research reviews, 24(2), 244-275. https://doi.org/ 10.1017/S095442241100014X
  • Bottone, A., Cerulli, A., DʼUrso, G., Masullo, M., Montoro, P., Napolitano, A., & Piacente, S. (2019). Plant specialized metabolites in hazelnut (Corylus avellana) kernel and byproducts: an update on chemistry, biological activity, and analytical aspects. Planta medica, 85(11/12), 840-855. https://doi.org/10.1055/a-0947-5725
  • Bozoğlu, M., Başer, U., Topuz, B. K., & Eroğlu, N. A. (2019). An overview of hazelnut markets and policy in Turkey. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi, 22(5), 733-743. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.v22i45606. 532645
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  • Cerulli, A., Lauro, G., Masullo, M., Cantone, V., Olas, B., Kontek, B., ... & Piacente, S. (2017). Cyclic diarylheptanoids from Corylus avellana green leafy covers: determination of their absolute configurations and evaluation of their antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Journal of Natural Products, 80(6), 1703-1713. https://doi.org/10.1021/ acs.jnatprod.6b00703
  • Cerulli, A., Masullo, M., Montoro, P., Hošek, J., Pizza, C., & Piacente, S. (2018). Metabolite profiling of “green” extracts of Corylus avellana leaves by 1H NMR spectroscopy and multivariate statistical analysis. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis, 160, 168-178. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.jpba.2018.07.046
  • Cuendet, M., Hostettmann, K., Potterat, O., & Dyatmiko, W. (1997). Iridoid glucosides with free radical scavenging properties from Fagraea blumei. Helvetica Chimica Acta, 80(4), 1144-1152. https://doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19970800411
  • Cunha, A. P., Silva, A. P., & Roque, O. R. (2003). Aspectos históricos sobre plantas medicinais, seus constituintes ativos e fitoterapia. Plantas e produtos vegetais em fitoterapia. Lisboa: Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian, 100.
  • Dall, W., Smith, D. M., & Moore, L. E. (1995). Carotenoids in the tiger prawn Penaeus esculentus during ovarian maturation. Marine Biology, 123(3), 435-441. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00349222
  • Esposito, T., Sansone, F., Franceschelli, S., Del Gaudio, P., Picerno, P., Aquino, R. P., & Mencherini, T. (2017). Hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) shells extract: phenolic composition, antioxidant effect and cytotoxic activity on human cancer cell lines. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 18(2), 392. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms 18020392
  • Fraisse, D., Carnat, A., Carnat, A. P., & Lamaison, J. L. (1999, September). Standardization of hazel leaf. In Annales Pharmaceutiques Françaises, 57(5), 406-409.
  • Karaçelik, A. A., Küçük, M., Iskefiyeli, Z., Aydemir, S., De Smet, S., Miserez, B., & Sandra, P. (2015). Antioxidant components of Viburnum opulus L. determined by on-line HPLC–UV–ABTS radical scavenging and LC–UV–ESI-MS methods. Food chemistry, 175, 106-114. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.foodchem.2014.11.085
  • Masullo, M., Cerulli, A., Olas, B., Pizza, C., & Piacente, S. (2015). Giffonins A–I, antioxidant cyclized diarylheptanoids from the leaves of the hazelnut tree (Corylus avellana), source of the Italian PGI Product “Nocciola di Giffoni”. Journal of Natural Products, 78(1), 17-25. https://doi.org/10.1021/ np5004966
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Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section RESEARCH ARTICLE
Authors

Mehmet Emin Şeker

Ayça Aktaş Karaçelik 0000-0001-5381-2924

Project Number FEN-BAP-A-140316-69
Publication Date April 30, 2023
Submission Date March 28, 2022
Acceptance Date August 22, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 26 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Şeker, M. E., & Aktaş Karaçelik, A. (2023). Investigation of Some Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activities of the Hazelnut Tree (Corylus avellana L.) Leaves Grown in Giresun. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım Ve Doğa Dergisi, 26(2), 234-244. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1094507
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