Effects of Microbial Fertilizer Applications on Yield, Fruit Quality and Leaf Characteristics of Red Chief Apple Variety

Aysen Koç; Ali Zehir

doi:10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1613787

EN TR

Effects of Microbial Fertilizer Applications on Yield, Fruit Quality and Leaf Characteristics of Red Chief Apple Variety

Abstract

The research was carried out on Red Chief apple variety grafted onto MM106 rootstock in the apple orchard established in 2011 at Yozgat Bozok University in 2022-2023. The study was established to determine the effects of Control (100% fertilizer), 50% reduced fertilizer, 100% reduced fertilizer (without fertilizer), and combinations of fertilizers with microbial fertilizer containing bacteria on fruit yield and quality and vegetative growth. The highest fruit weight was obtained from Control (100% fertilizer dose) + Bacteria application (170.57 g) and 50% reduced fertilizer dose + Bacteria (164.30 g) applications. The lowest fruit weight was determined from a 100% reduced fertilizer dose (without fertilizer) (103.18 g). Total soluble solids were measured with a 20.30% Brix value in the Control (%100 fertilizer) + bacteria and a 19.90% brix value in 50% reduced + bacteria applications. The highest titratable acidity was determined with 0.59% in Control (%100 fertilizer) application. The fruits from the trees of each replication were collected separately and the highest tree yield values were obtained from Control (%100 fertilizer) + bacteria (22.35 kg/tree) and Control (%100 fertilizer) applications (19.63 kg/tree). When the effects of the applications on shoot length were examined, the highest values were determined in Control (%100 fertilizer), Control (%100 fertilizer) + bacteria, and 50% reduced fertilizer + bacteria applications. The highest amount of nitrogen (N) in the leaf was determined in Control (100% fertilizer), Control (100% fertilizer) + bacteria, and 50% reduced + bacteria applications. The highest amount of P was obtained from Control (100% fertilizer) and Control (100% fertilizer) + bacteria applications. The highest amount of K was measured in 50% reduced fertilizer application. It was concluded that microbial fertilizers containing plant growth-promoting bacteria can be used in apples. Replication of the study in different climatic and geographical conditions may increase the extensibility of the results.

Keywords

Mikrobiyal Gübre Uygulamalarının Red Chief Elma Çeşidinin Verim, Meyve Kalitesi ve Yaprak Özellikleri Üzerine Etkileri

Öz

Araştırma, 2022-2023 yıllarında Yozgat Bozok Üniversitesi' nde 2011 yılında kurulmuş olan elma bahçesinde yer alan MM106 anacına aşılı Red Chief elma çeşidi üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Çalışma, kontrol (%100 gübre), %50 azaltılmış gübre, %100 azaltılmış gübre (gübresiz) ve gübrelerin bakteri içeren mikrobiyal gübre ile kombinasyonları kullanılarak meyve verim ve kalitesi ile vejetatif büyüme üzerine etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla kurulmuştur. Meyve ağırlığı en yüksek kontrol (%100 gübre dozu)+bakteri uygulaması (170.57 g) ile %50 azaltılmış gübre dozu+bakteri (164.30 g) uygulamalarından elde edilmiştir. En düşük meyve ağırlığı ise %100 azaltılmış gübre dozundan (gübresiz) (103.18 g) tespit edilmiştir. Meyve eti sertliği (kg/cm2), en yüksek kontrol (%100 gübre), %50 azaltılmış gübre ve %100 azaltılmış (gübresiz) uygulamalarında ölçülmüştür. Suda çözünebilir kuru madde içeriği %20.30 Brix değeri ile kontrol (%100 gübre) + bakteri ve %19,90 Brix değeri ile %50 azaltılmış + bakteri uygulamalarında ölçülmüştür. Titre edilebilir asit miktarı ise en yüksek %0.59 ile kontrol (%100 gübre) uygulamasında belirlenmiştir. Her tekerrüre ait ağaçlardaki meyveler ayrı ayrı toplanarak elde edilen ağaç başı verim değerleri en yüksek kontrol (%100 gübre)+bakteri (22.35 kg/ağaç) ve kontrol (%100 gübre) uygulamalarından (19.63 kg/ağaç) elde edilmiştir. Uygulamaların sürgün boyu üzerine etkisi incelendiğinde en yüksek değerler kontrol (%100 gübre), kontrol (%100 gübre)+ bakteri ve %50 azaltılmış gübre+bakteri uygulamalarında tespit edilmiştir. Yapraktaki azot (N) miktarı en yüksek kontrol (%100 gübre), kontrol (%100 gübre) + bakteri ve %50 azaltılmış + bakteri uygulamalarında tespit edilmiştir. P miktarı en yüksek kontrol (%100 gübre) ve kontrol (%100 gübre) + bakteri uygulamasından elde edilmiştir. K miktarı en yüksek %50 azaltılmış gübre uygulamasında ölçülmüştür. Bitki gelişimini teşvik eden bakterileri içeren mikrobiyal gübrelerin elmalarda kullanılabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır. Çalışmanın elma yetiştirilen farklı iklim ve bölgelerde tekrarlanması sonuçların yaygınlaştırılabilirliğini artıracaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ethical Statement

The authors of the article declare that the data, information and documents presented in this article were obtained within the framework of academic and ethical rules, and that all information, documents, evaluations and results were presented in accordance with scientific ethics and moral rules.

Thanks

This study was produced from a first author’s Master thesis, named ‘The effects of microbial fertilizer applications on tree growth and development and fruit properties in apple growing / Mikrobiyal gübre uygulamalarının elma yetiştiriciliğinde ağacın büyüme ve gelişmesi ile meyve özellikleri üzerine etkileri’ presented at Yozgat Bozok University. (YOK Thesis No: 850698 /Date: 25.01.2024).

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Pomology and Treatment

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Aysen Koç ^*
0000-0002-9766-721X
Türkiye

Ali Zehir
0009-0008-8912-9391
Türkiye

Early Pub Date

June 10, 2025

Publication Date

July 4, 2025

Submission Date

January 5, 2025

Acceptance Date

May 6, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 28 Number: 4

DOI

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1613787

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA38WS23SN

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Koç, A., & Zehir, A. (2025). Effects of Microbial Fertilizer Applications on Yield, Fruit Quality and Leaf Characteristics of Red Chief Apple Variety. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım Ve Doğa Dergisi, 28(4), 973-986. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1613787