Tarımsal Toplam Faktör Verimliliği ve Ekonomik Büyümenin Çevre Kalitesi Üzerindeki Etkisi: Tarımda Başarılı Olan Ülkeler Örneği

Selin Dinçer; Fatih Akın

doi:10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1661043

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Tarımsal Toplam Faktör Verimliliği ve Ekonomik Büyümenin Çevre Kalitesi Üzerindeki Etkisi: Tarımda Başarılı Olan Ülkeler Örneği

Öz

Tarımsal verimlilik su, toprak, emek, sermaye gibi tarım sektöründe kullanılan kaynakların verimliliğini sağlayarak tarımsal üretimin artmasını desteklemektedir. Ayrıca verimli tarım teknikleri kullanılarak arazi genişlemesi ve ormansızlaşma gibi çevresel sorunların önüne de geçilebilmektedir. Fakat literatür incelendiğinde tarımsal verimliliğin çevre kalitesi üzerindeki etkisi konusunda fikir birliğine varılamadığı görülmektedir. Diğer taraftan ekonomik büyümenin çevre üzerinde meydana getirdiği etkinin incelenmesi oldukça önemlidir. Ülkelerin büyüme ve kalkınma hedefleri doğrultusunda gerçekleştirdiği ekonomik faaliyetler çevre kalitesini etkilemektedir. Bu doğrultuda çalışmada, 1990-2022 döneminde tarımda başarılı olan 12 ülkede (Çin, ABD, Rusya, Fransa, Almanya, Kanada, Avustralya, Hindistan, Brezilya, Endonezya, Arjantin ve Türkiye) Tarımsal Toplam Faktör Verimliliği (T-TFV) ve ekonomik büyümenin çevre kalitesi üzerindeki etkisi Artırılmış Ortalama Grup (AMG) yöntemi ve Dumitrescu & Hurlin nedensellik analizi ile incelenmektedir. Çevre kalitesini temsilen karbon emisyonu değişkeni kullanılmıştır. Bulgular Çin, ABD, Rusya, Fransa, Kanada, Endonezya ve Avustralya’da T-TFV artışının çevre kalitesini artırdığını göstermektedir. Yani, Borlaug hipotezi bu ülkelerde geçerlidir. Hindistan, Brezilya, Arjantin ve Türkiye’de T-TFV artışı çevre kalitesini azaltmaktadır. Yani, Jevons Paradoksu bu ülkelerde geçerlidir. Ayrıca, çalışmada Almanya hariç diğer tüm ülkelerde ekonomik büyüme arttıkça çevre kalitesi azalmaktadır. Yenilenebilir enerji tüketimi Çin, ABD, Brezilya, Avustralya ve Türkiye’de çevre kalitesini artırmaktadır. Dumitrescu & Hurlin nedensellik analizi bulguları ise T-TFV ile karbon emisyonu ve yenilenebilir enerji tüketimi arasında çift yönlü nedenselik ilişkisi olduğunu göstermektedir. Bulgular, T-TFV, ekonomik büyüme ve yenilenebilir enerji tüketiminin çevre kalitesi üzerinde önemli rol oynadığını ortaya koymaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

The Impact of Agricultural Total Factor Productivity and Economic Growth on Environmental Quality: The Case of Agriculturally Successful Countries

Abstract

Agricultural productivity supports the increase in agricultural production by ensuring the efficiency of resources used in the agricultural sector, such as water, soil, labour, and capital. In addition, environmental problems such as land expansion and deforestation can be prevented by using efficient agricultural techniques. However, when the literature is analyzed, it is seen that there is no consensus on the impact of agricultural productivity on environmental quality. On the other hand, it is very important to examine the impact of economic growth on the environment. The economic activities of countries that are in line with their growth and development targets affect environmental quality. In this direction, in this study, in the period 1990-2022, in 12 countries (China, USA, Russia, France, Germany, Canada, Australia, India, Brazil, Indonesia, Argentina, and Türkiye) that are successful in agriculture, The impact of agricultural Total Factor Productivity (T-TFP) and economic growth on environmental quality is analyzed by the Augmented Mean Group (AMG) method and Dumitrescu & Hurlin causality analysis. The carbon emission variable is used to represent environmental quality. The findings show that an increase in T-TFP increases environmental quality in China, the USA, Russia, France, Canada, Indonesia, and Australia; that is, the Borlaug hypothesis is valid in these countries. In India, Brazil, Argentina, and Türkiye, the increase in T-TFP decreases the environmental quality; that is, Jevons' Paradox is valid in these countries. Moreover, in the study, environmental quality decreases as economic growth increases in all countries except Germany. Renewable energy consumption increases environmental quality in China, the USA, Brazil, Australia, and Türkiye. Dumitrescu & Hurlin’s causality analysis findings show that there is a bidirectional causality relationship between T-TFP, carbon emissions, and renewable energy consumption. The findings reveal that T-TFP, economic growth, and renewable energy consumption are important in environmental quality.

Keywords

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Details

Primary Language

Turkish

Subjects

Agricultural Economics (Other)

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Selin Dinçer ^*
0000-0003-3233-493X
Türkiye

Fatih Akın
0000-0002-7741-4004
Türkiye

Early Pub Date

August 14, 2025

Publication Date

October 20, 2025

Submission Date

March 19, 2025

Acceptance Date

July 20, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 28 Number: 6

DOI

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1661043

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA92NT82JK

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Dinçer, S., & Akın, F. (2025). Tarımsal Toplam Faktör Verimliliği ve Ekonomik Büyümenin Çevre Kalitesi Üzerindeki Etkisi: Tarımda Başarılı Olan Ülkeler Örneği. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım Ve Doğa Dergisi, 28(6), 1531-1544. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1661043