Morphological and Biochemical Responses of Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) to PEG-Induced Drought Stress and Salicylic Acid Application

Mustafa Akçay; Ümmü Gülsüm Koç

doi:10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1738976

TR EN

Fasulyenin (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) PEG Kaynaklı Kuraklık Stresine ve Salisilik Asit Uygulamasına Morfolojik ve Biyokimyasal Tepkileri

Öz

Fasulye (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), dünya çapında temel bir besin kaynağı ve önemli bir baklagil olmasına rağmen, üretimi kuraklık gibi abiyotik stres faktörleri tarafından önemli ölçüde sınırlandırılmaktadır. Bu çalışma, polietilen glikol (PEG) kaynaklı kuraklık stresinin ve salisilik asit (SA) uygulamasının bu bitkinin morfolojik ve biyokimyasal tepkileri üzerindeki etkilerini incelemiştir. Kuraklık koşullarını simüle etmek için bitkiler, –0.351 MPa ve –0.75 MPa ozmotik potansiyellerdeki PEG6000'e maruz bırakılmış ve 1 mM SA ile muamele edilmiştir. Kuraklık stresi, büyüme parametrelerini önemli ölçüde azaltmıştır; özellikle en şiddetli stres seviyesi olan –0.75 MPa PEG uygulaması, fide boyunu kontrol grubuna göre yaklaşık %52 ve nispi su içeriğini (RWC) %59 oranında düşürmüştür. Biyokimyasal olarak, bu stres klorofil a içeriğinde %51 azalmaya yol açarken, oksidatif stresin ana göstergeleri olan MDA ve H2O2 seviyelerini sırasıyla %33 ve %27 oranında artırmıştır. Buna karşılık, SA uygulaması, hem tek başına hem de PEG kaynaklı kuraklık stresi ile kombinasyon halinde, büyüme ve klorofil içeriğinde önemli iyileşmelere neden olmuştur. Örneğin, 1 mM SA uygulaması, fide boyundaki kaybı %30 ve klorofil a kaybını %40 oranında telafi etmiştir. Bu koruyucu etki, MDA ve H2O2 seviyelerinde belirgin bir azalmayla gözlenmiştir. Bu bulgular, SA'nın özellikle antioksidan savunma mekanizmalarını aktive ederek oksidatif stresi yönettiğini ve kuraklık stresinin fasulye üzerindeki olumsuz etkilerini etkili bir şekilde hafiflettiğini göstermektedir. SA, bitkilerde kuraklık direncini artırmak için umut verici bir araç olarak kullanılabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Morphological and Biochemical Responses of Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) to PEG-Induced Drought Stress and Salicylic Acid Application

Abstract

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a major food source and an important legume worldwide, yet its production is significantly limited by abiotic stress factors, such as drought. This study investigated the effects of Polyethylene Glycol (PEG)-induced drought stress and salicylic acid (SA) application on the morphological and biochemical responses of this plant. To simulate drought conditions, plants were exposed to PEG6000 at osmotic potentials of –0.351 MPa and –0.75 MPa, and treated with 1 mM SA. Drought stress significantly reduced growth parameters. Notably, the most severe stress level (−0.75 MPa PEG) decreased seedling height by approximately 52% and relative water content (RWC) by 59% compared to the control group. Biochemically, this stress led to a 51% reduction in chlorophyll a content, while significantly increasing the levels of MDA and H2O2, the main indicators of oxidative stress, by 33% and 27%, respectively. In contrast, the SA application, both alone and in combination with PEG, induced drought stress, resulting in significant improvements in growth and chlorophyll content. For instance, the 1 mM SA application alleviated the reduction in seedling height by 30% and the loss in chlorophyll a by 40%. This protective effect was accompanied by a noticeable decrease in MDA and H2O2 levels. These findings demonstrate that SA effectively mitigates the adverse effects of drought stress on common bean, primarily by activating antioxidant defense mechanisms to manage oxidative stress. SA can thus be utilized as a promising tool to enhance drought resistance in plants.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Plant Biochemistry , Plant Biotechnology , Plant Physiology , Agricultural Biotechnology (Other) , Crop and Pasture Biochemistry and Physiology

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Mustafa Akçay ^*
0000-0003-1747-2314
Türkiye

Ümmü Gülsüm Koç
0000-0003-1478-2616
Türkiye

Early Pub Date

February 8, 2026

Publication Date

February 8, 2026

Submission Date

July 9, 2025

Acceptance Date

October 30, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 29 Number: 3

DOI

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1738976

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA45JA73GS

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Akçay, M., & Koç, Ü. G. (2026). Morphological and Biochemical Responses of Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) to PEG-Induced Drought Stress and Salicylic Acid Application. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım Ve Doğa Dergisi, 29(3), 615-634. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1738976