Determination of Genetic Diversity of Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Genotypes Collected From Central Kızılırmak Valley Using Single Nucleotide Polymorphism

Adem Bardak; Ömer Sözen

doi:10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1844064

EN TR

Determination of Genetic Diversity of Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Genotypes Collected From Central Kızılırmak Valley Using Single Nucleotide Polymorphism

Abstract

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is an important edible legume cultivated worldwide and widely used in human nutrition. Developments in the seed sector have encouraged producers to use certified seeds; however, these advances also threaten the extinction of farmer-maintained genetic resources. Therefore, it is essential to collect, conserve, and genetically characterize these resources, including the evaluation of their agricultural traits. This study aimed to determine the genetic diversity among 147 common bean genotypes collected from the Central Kızılırmak Valley. A total of 996 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers developed using the genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) method were employed to assess genetic variation. The polymorphism information content (PIC) values of the SNP markers ranged from 0.03 to 0.67. Gene diversity values varied between 0.03 and 0.72 (mean: 0.53), while observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.00 to 0.98. Genetic distance coefficients among genotypes ranged from 0.000 to 0.654, with an average of 0.244. Both population structure and phylogenetic analyses separated the genotypes into two main groups. Overall, the results revealed a high level of genetic variation among the common bean genotypes collected from local producers. These conserved genotypes may be registered as cultivars following the evaluation of their agronomic traits, and selected genotypes can also serve as valuable parental material for future common bean breeding programs.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policy

Project Number

TAGEM / 16 / AR-GE / 55

Thanks

This study was supported by General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policy (Project number: TAGEM / 16 / AR-GE / 55). We would like to express our gratitude to TAGEM and its esteemed managers for their financial support.

Orta Kızılırmak Vadisinden Toplanan Fasulye (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Genotiplerinde Tek Nükleotit Polimorfizmi Kullanılarak Genetik Çeşitliliğin Belirlenmesi

Abstract

Fasulye (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), dünya genelinde yetiştirilen ve insan beslenmesinde yaygın olarak kullanılan önemli bir yenilebilir baklagil bitkisidir. Tohumculuk sektöründeki gelişmeler, üreticileri sertifikalı tohum kullanımını teşvik etmiştir; ancak bu durum üreticilerin elinde bulunan genetik kaynakların yok olma tehlikesiyle karşı karşıya kalmasına da neden olmaktadır. Bu nedenle, bu genetik kaynakların toplanması, korunması ve tarımsal özellikleriyle birlikte genetik olarak karakterize edilmesi büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışma, Orta Kızılırmak Havzası’ndan toplanan 147 fasulye genotipi arasındaki genetik farklılıkların belirlenmesi amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Genetik çeşitliliğin belirlenmesinde, dizileyerek genotipleme (GBS) yöntemi kullanılarak geliştirilen 996 tek nükleotit polimorfizmi (SNP) belirteci kullanılmıştır. SNP belirteçlerinin polimorfizm bilgi içeriği (PIC) değerleri 0.03 ile 0.67 arasında değişmiştir. Gen çeşitliliği değerleri 0.03–0.72 (ortalama: 0.53) aralığında bulunurken, heterozigotluk değerleri 0.00–0.98 arasında değişmiştir. Genotipler arasındaki genetik farklılık katsayısı 0.000 ile 0.654 arasında değişmiş olup, ortalama değer 0.244 olarak belirlenmiştir. Yapı (structure) ve filogenetik analizler sonucunda genotiplerin iki ana gruba ayrıldığı tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular, yerel üreticilerden toplanan fasulye genotipleri arasında geniş bir genetik varyasyon bulunduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Koruma altına alınan bu genotipler, tarımsal özelliklerinin belirlenmesinin ardından çeşit olarak tescil edilebileceği gibi, bazı genotipler gelecekteki ıslah programlarında ebeveyn materyal olarak da kullanılabilecektir.

Keywords

Project Number

TAGEM / 16 / AR-GE / 55

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Agricultural Biotechnology (Other), Cereals and Legumes

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Adem Bardak ^*
0000-0002-5715-302X
Türkiye

Ömer Sözen
0000-0001-5528-7887
Türkiye

Early Pub Date

October 23, 2026

Publication Date

-

Submission Date

December 18, 2025

Acceptance Date

September 29, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Number: Advanced Online Publication

DOI

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1844064

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA38DB46WY

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Bardak, A., & Sözen, Ö. (2026). Determination of Genetic Diversity of Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Genotypes Collected From Central Kızılırmak Valley Using Single Nucleotide Polymorphism. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım Ve Doğa Dergisi, Advanced Online Publication. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1844064

AMA

1.Bardak A, Sözen Ö. Determination of Genetic Diversity of Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Genotypes Collected From Central Kızılırmak Valley Using Single Nucleotide Polymorphism. KSU J. Agric Nat. 2026;(Advanced Online Publication). doi:10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1844064

Chicago

Bardak, Adem, and Ömer Sözen. 2026. “Determination of Genetic Diversity of Common Bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.) Genotypes Collected From Central Kızılırmak Valley Using Single Nucleotide Polymorphism”. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım Ve Doğa Dergisi, no. Advanced Online Publication. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1844064.

EndNote

Bardak A, Sözen Ö (October 1, 2026) Determination of Genetic Diversity of Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Genotypes Collected From Central Kızılırmak Valley Using Single Nucleotide Polymorphism. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi Advanced Online Publication

IEEE

[1]A. Bardak and Ö. Sözen, “Determination of Genetic Diversity of Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Genotypes Collected From Central Kızılırmak Valley Using Single Nucleotide Polymorphism”, KSU J. Agric Nat., no. Advanced Online Publication, Oct. 2026, doi: 10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1844064.

ISNAD

Bardak, Adem - Sözen, Ömer. “Determination of Genetic Diversity of Common Bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.) Genotypes Collected From Central Kızılırmak Valley Using Single Nucleotide Polymorphism”. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi. Advanced Online Publication (October 1, 2026). https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1844064.

JAMA

1.Bardak A, Sözen Ö. Determination of Genetic Diversity of Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Genotypes Collected From Central Kızılırmak Valley Using Single Nucleotide Polymorphism. KSU J. Agric Nat. 2026. doi:10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1844064.

MLA

Bardak, Adem, and Ömer Sözen. “Determination of Genetic Diversity of Common Bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.) Genotypes Collected From Central Kızılırmak Valley Using Single Nucleotide Polymorphism”. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım Ve Doğa Dergisi, no. Advanced Online Publication, Oct. 2026, doi:10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1844064.

Vancouver

1.Adem Bardak, Ömer Sözen. Determination of Genetic Diversity of Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Genotypes Collected From Central Kızılırmak Valley Using Single Nucleotide Polymorphism. KSU J. Agric Nat. 2026 Oct. 1;(Advanced Online Publication). doi:10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1844064