Research Article
Pamuk-Buğday sistemlerinde buğdayın bazı özellikleri üzerine geleneksel ve azaltılmış toprak işlemenin etkileri
Abstract
Buğdayda toprak işleme sistemi,
özellikle bitki boyu (PH), tane verimi (GY) ve verim unsurları açısından en
önemli tarımsal uygulamalardan biridir. Bu çalışma, pamuk hasadından sonra
geleneksel (CT) ve azaltılmış toprak işleme (RT) sistemlerinin beş buğday
çeşidinde (Adana, Ceyhan, Doğankent, Menemen ve Yüreğir) PH, metre karede
fertil başak sayısı (SM), başak uzunluğu (SL), başakta fertil başakçık sayısı
(SS), başakta tane sayısı (GS), 1000 tane ağırlığı (KW) ve GY unsurları üzerine
etkilerini araştırmak için 2007-08 ve 2008-09 ürün sezonlarında
Kahramanmaraş'ta yürütülmüştür. Toprak, CT sisteminde 25-30 cm derinlikte
sürülürken, RT’de yapılmadı. Sonuçlar, KW ve GY hariç diğer tüm özellikler
2008-09 sezonunda 2007-08 sezonundan daha yüksek değerlere sahip olmuşlardır.
Toprak işleme sistemleri KW dışındaki PH, SM, SL, SS, GS ve GY özellikler
üzerinde önemli derecede etkili olmuşlardır. İki yıla ait sonuçlara göre,
CT'deki tüm özelliklere ait verilerin RT'ye göre daha yüksek olduğu
gözlemlendi. CT ve RT sistemleri altında GY, SS, GS ve KW özellikleri açısından
önemli ve pozitif korelasyonlar vardı. Çeşitler yıl ve toprak işleme
sisteminden etkilenmiştir. Doğankent çeşidi her iki yılda da CT ve RT altında
diğerler çeşitlere kıyasla özelliklerin çoğunda daha en iyi bir performansa ve
stabiliteye sahipti.
References
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- Baresel JP, Zimmermann G, Reents HJ 2008. Effects of genotypes and environment on N uptake and N partition in organically grown winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in Germany. Euphytica, 163: 347–354.
- Belay G, Tesemma T, Mitiku D 1993. Variability and correlation studies in durum wheat in Alem-Tena, Ethiopia Rachis, 12: 38–41.
- Buttar GS, Sidhu HS, Singh V, Jat ML, Gupta R, Singh Y, Singh B 2012. Relay planting of wheat in cotton: an innovative technology for enhancing productivity and profitability of wheat in cotton–wheat production system of South Asia. Exploring Agriculture, 49: 19–30.
- Cantrell RG, Haro-Arias ES 1986. Selection for spikelet fertility in a semi dwarf durum wheat population. Crop Science, 26: 691–693.
- Dexter AR 2004. Soil physical quality: Parts I, II, III. Geoderma, 120: 201–239.
- Dexter AR, Czyz EA 2011. Soil crumbling during tillage as a function of soil organic matter content. International Agrophysics, 25: 215–221.
- Eunus M, Sarke DC, Khan ZA, Sarker AU 1986. Interrelationships among some quantitative characters of wheat. Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research, 11: 91–94.
- Gangwar KS, Singh KK, Sharma SK 2004. Effect of tillage on growth, yield and nutrient uptake in wheat after rice in the Indo-Gangetic Plains of India. Journal of Agricultural Science, 142: 453–459.
- Haq W, Munir M, Akram Z 2010. Estimation of interrelationships among yield and yield related attributes in wheat lines. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 42: 567–573.
- Humphreys E, Kuka SS, Christen EW, Hira GS, Singh B, Yadav S, Sharma RK 2010. Halting the groundwater decline in North-West India – which crop technologies will be winners? Advanced Agronomy, 109: 155–217.
- Iftikhar R, Khaliq I, Ijaz M, Rashid, MAR 2012. Association analysis of grain yield and its components in spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) American-Eurasian Journal of Agriculture and Environment Science, 12: 389–392.
- Ji B, Zhao Y, Mu X, Liu K, Li C 2013. Effects of tillage on soil physical properties and root growth of maize in loam and clay in central China. Plant Soil Environment, 7: 295–302.
- Jia XL, Ma RK, Zhang QG, Yao, YR, Zhang LH 2009. Trend in relationship between water supply amount and grain yield of winter wheat from 1987 to 2007. Acta Agriculture Boreali-Sinica, 1: 214–217 (In Chinese).
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- Khan MB, Khaliq A 2005. Production of winter cereals as relay crops by surface seeding in cotton based cropping system. University of Pakistan Bahauddin Journal of Research Science, 16: 79–86.
- Khan HA, Shaik M, Mohammad S 1999. Character association and path coefficient analysis of grain yield and yield components in wheat. Hisar Crop Research, 17: 229–233.
- Lihua L, Yanrong Y, Lihua Z, Zhiqiang D, Xiuling J, Shuangbo L, Junjie J 2013. Winter wheat grain yield and its components in the north china lain: irrigation management, cultivation, and climate. Chilean Journal of Agricultural Research, 73: 233–242.
- Logsdon SD, Reneau RBJ, Parker JC 1987. Corn seedling root growth as influenced by soil physical properties. Agronomy Journal, 79: 221–224.
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- Mosaddeghi MR, Mahboubi AA, Safadoust A 2009. Short-term effects of tillage and manure on some soil physical prop¬erties and maize root growth in a sandy loam soil in western Iran. Soil and Tillage Research, 104: 173–179.
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- Nasrullah MH, Cheema SM, Akhtar M 2010. Efficacy of different dry sowing methods to enhance wheat yield under cotton-wheat cropping system. Crop Environment, 1: 27–30.
- Ram H, Yadvinder-Singh KS, Kler DS, Timsina J, Humphreys EJ 2012. Agronomic and economic evaluation of permanent raised beds, no tillage and straw mulching for an irrigated maize-wheat system in northwest India. Experimental Agriculture, 48: 21–38.
- Shah SA, Mohammad T, Anwar S, Hassan S, Rahman K 1988. Induced quantitative variation and correlation in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Sarhad Journal of Agriculture 4, 119–125.
- Sharma RC, Smith EL 1986. Selection for high and low harvest index in three winter populations. Crop Science, 26: 1147–1150. Wozniak A 2013. The effect of tillage systems on yield and quality of durum wheat cultivars. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 37: 133–138.
- Varsa EC, Chong SK, Abolaji JO, Farquhar DA, Olsen FJ 1997. Effect of deep tillage on soil physical characteristics and corn (Zea mays L.) root growth and production. Soil and Tillage research, 43: 219–228.
- Virk TS, Anand SC 1970. Studies on correlation and their implication in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Madras Agriculturak Journal, 57: 713–717.
- Vita P, Paolo E, Fecondo G, Fonzo N, Pisante M 2007. No-tillage and conventional tillage effects on durum wheat yield, grain quality, and soil moisture content in Southern Italy. Soil and Tillage Research, 92: 69–78.
- Zadoks JC, Chang TT, Konzak CF 1974. A Decimal Code for the Growth Stages of Cereals. Weed Research 14, 415–421.
Year 2018,
Volume: 21 Issue: 5, 678 - 685, 31.10.2018
Abstract
Tillage is one of the
most important agronomical practices especially for plant height (PH), grain
yield (GY) and yield components in wheat production. This study was carried out
in 2007–08 and 2008–09 growing seasons in
Kahramanmaras, Turkey, to investigate
response of five wheat cultivars (Adana, Ceyhan, Dogankent, Menemen and
Yuregir) to conventional (CT) and reduced tillage (RT) systems after cotton
harvest for PH, number of fertile
spikes per m2 (SM), spike length (SL), number of fertile spikelets
spike–1 (SS), number of grains spike–1
(GS), 1000–kernel
weight (KW) and GY components.
The soil was ploughed at a depth of 25–30 cm in CT system, while it was not
used in RT. The results indicated that all traits had greater values in 2008–09 than in 2007–08 except KW and GY. The tillage
systems significantly affected
PH, SM, SL, SS, GS and GY
except KW. Over the two years,
values of all traits in CT were higher than those of RT. There
was a significant and positive correlation for GY, SS, GS and KW between CT and
RT. The cultivars were affected by year and tillage system. Dogankent
cultivar had better performance and stable for most of the traits compared to
others under CT and RT in both years.
Keywords
References
- Akbar M, Khan NI, Chaudhry MH 1995. Variation and interrelationship between some biometric characters in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Journal of Agricultural Research, 23: 247–255.
- Baresel JP, Zimmermann G, Reents HJ 2008. Effects of genotypes and environment on N uptake and N partition in organically grown winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in Germany. Euphytica, 163: 347–354.
- Belay G, Tesemma T, Mitiku D 1993. Variability and correlation studies in durum wheat in Alem-Tena, Ethiopia Rachis, 12: 38–41.
- Buttar GS, Sidhu HS, Singh V, Jat ML, Gupta R, Singh Y, Singh B 2012. Relay planting of wheat in cotton: an innovative technology for enhancing productivity and profitability of wheat in cotton–wheat production system of South Asia. Exploring Agriculture, 49: 19–30.
- Cantrell RG, Haro-Arias ES 1986. Selection for spikelet fertility in a semi dwarf durum wheat population. Crop Science, 26: 691–693.
- Dexter AR 2004. Soil physical quality: Parts I, II, III. Geoderma, 120: 201–239.
- Dexter AR, Czyz EA 2011. Soil crumbling during tillage as a function of soil organic matter content. International Agrophysics, 25: 215–221.
- Eunus M, Sarke DC, Khan ZA, Sarker AU 1986. Interrelationships among some quantitative characters of wheat. Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research, 11: 91–94.
- Gangwar KS, Singh KK, Sharma SK 2004. Effect of tillage on growth, yield and nutrient uptake in wheat after rice in the Indo-Gangetic Plains of India. Journal of Agricultural Science, 142: 453–459.
- Haq W, Munir M, Akram Z 2010. Estimation of interrelationships among yield and yield related attributes in wheat lines. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 42: 567–573.
- Humphreys E, Kuka SS, Christen EW, Hira GS, Singh B, Yadav S, Sharma RK 2010. Halting the groundwater decline in North-West India – which crop technologies will be winners? Advanced Agronomy, 109: 155–217.
- Iftikhar R, Khaliq I, Ijaz M, Rashid, MAR 2012. Association analysis of grain yield and its components in spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) American-Eurasian Journal of Agriculture and Environment Science, 12: 389–392.
- Ji B, Zhao Y, Mu X, Liu K, Li C 2013. Effects of tillage on soil physical properties and root growth of maize in loam and clay in central China. Plant Soil Environment, 7: 295–302.
- Jia XL, Ma RK, Zhang QG, Yao, YR, Zhang LH 2009. Trend in relationship between water supply amount and grain yield of winter wheat from 1987 to 2007. Acta Agriculture Boreali-Sinica, 1: 214–217 (In Chinese).
- Jug I, Jug D, Sabo M, Stipesevic B, Stosic M 2011. Winter wheat and yield components as affected by soil tillage systems. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 35: 1–7.
- Khan MB, Khaliq A 2005. Production of winter cereals as relay crops by surface seeding in cotton based cropping system. University of Pakistan Bahauddin Journal of Research Science, 16: 79–86.
- Khan HA, Shaik M, Mohammad S 1999. Character association and path coefficient analysis of grain yield and yield components in wheat. Hisar Crop Research, 17: 229–233.
- Lihua L, Yanrong Y, Lihua Z, Zhiqiang D, Xiuling J, Shuangbo L, Junjie J 2013. Winter wheat grain yield and its components in the north china lain: irrigation management, cultivation, and climate. Chilean Journal of Agricultural Research, 73: 233–242.
- Logsdon SD, Reneau RBJ, Parker JC 1987. Corn seedling root growth as influenced by soil physical properties. Agronomy Journal, 79: 221–224.
- Malecka I, Blecharczyk A, Pudelko J 2004. Response of spring barley and pea to reduced tillage. Fragm Agronomy, 21: 100–114 (in Polish).
- Malecka I, Blecharczyk A, Sawinska Z, Dobrzeniecki T 2012. Th e eff ect of various long-term tillage systems on soil properties and spring barley yield. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 36: 217–226.
- Maral H, Dumlupinar Z, Dokuyucu T, Akkay A 2013. Response of six oat (Avena sativa L.) Cultivars to nitrogen fertilization for agronomical traits. Turkish Journal of Field Crops, 18: 254-259.
- Micucci FG, Taboada MA 2006. Soil physical properties and soybean (Glycine max, Merrill) root abundance in conventionally- and zero-tilled soils in the humid Pampas of Argentina. Soil and Tillage Research, 86: 152–162.
- Mohsin T, Khan N, Naqvi FN 2009. Heritability, phenotypic correlation and path coefficient studies for some agronomic characters in synthetic elite lines of wheat. Journal of Food Agriculture and Environment, 7: 278–283.
- Mosaddeghi MR, Mahboubi AA, Safadoust A 2009. Short-term effects of tillage and manure on some soil physical prop¬erties and maize root growth in a sandy loam soil in western Iran. Soil and Tillage Research, 104: 173–179.
- Narwal NK, Verma PK, Narwal M 1999. Genetic variability, correlation and path coefficient analysis in bread wheat in two climatic zones of Hayrana. Agric. Sci. Digest Karnal, 19: 73–76.
- Nasrullah MH, Cheema SM, Akhtar M 2010. Efficacy of different dry sowing methods to enhance wheat yield under cotton-wheat cropping system. Crop Environment, 1: 27–30.
- Ram H, Yadvinder-Singh KS, Kler DS, Timsina J, Humphreys EJ 2012. Agronomic and economic evaluation of permanent raised beds, no tillage and straw mulching for an irrigated maize-wheat system in northwest India. Experimental Agriculture, 48: 21–38.
- Shah SA, Mohammad T, Anwar S, Hassan S, Rahman K 1988. Induced quantitative variation and correlation in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Sarhad Journal of Agriculture 4, 119–125.
- Sharma RC, Smith EL 1986. Selection for high and low harvest index in three winter populations. Crop Science, 26: 1147–1150. Wozniak A 2013. The effect of tillage systems on yield and quality of durum wheat cultivars. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 37: 133–138.
- Varsa EC, Chong SK, Abolaji JO, Farquhar DA, Olsen FJ 1997. Effect of deep tillage on soil physical characteristics and corn (Zea mays L.) root growth and production. Soil and Tillage research, 43: 219–228.
- Virk TS, Anand SC 1970. Studies on correlation and their implication in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Madras Agriculturak Journal, 57: 713–717.
- Vita P, Paolo E, Fecondo G, Fonzo N, Pisante M 2007. No-tillage and conventional tillage effects on durum wheat yield, grain quality, and soil moisture content in Southern Italy. Soil and Tillage Research, 92: 69–78.
- Zadoks JC, Chang TT, Konzak CF 1974. A Decimal Code for the Growth Stages of Cereals. Weed Research 14, 415–421.
There are 34 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Journal Section | RESEARCH ARTICLE |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | October 31, 2018 |
| Submission Date | January 22, 2018 |
| Acceptance Date | April 9, 2018 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2018Volume: 21 Issue: 5 |
Cited By
Long-term influence of conservation tillage on soil organic carbon and microbial diversity
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