Research Article

Phenotypic and Genotypic Analysis of Gentamicin, Penicillin, Methicillin, Vancomycin, Linezolid and Tetracycline Resistance in Clinical Isolates of Staphylococcus aureus

Volume: 21 Number: 6 November 30, 2018
EN TR

Phenotypic and Genotypic Analysis of Gentamicin, Penicillin, Methicillin, Vancomycin, Linezolid and Tetracycline Resistance in Clinical Isolates of Staphylococcus aureus

Abstract

In this study, it was aimed to investigate the resistance rates of gentamicin, penicillin, methicillin, vancomycin, linezolid and tetracycline by phenotypic and genotypic methods in Staphylococcus aureus isolates and to determine plasmid content. Between the months of January and September in 2015, 100 clinical isolates of S. aureus were obtained from different samples such as wound, blood, urine. The automated bacteria identification and antibiotic susceptibility system (BD PhoenixTM, Sparks, MD, USA) was used to determine of antibiotic sensitivities. The resistance to methicillin was also investigated by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method using a 30 μg cefoxitin disc. The presence of aac(6’)/aph(2’’), blaZ, mecA, femA, vanA, vanB, cfr, tetK and tetM genes related to antibiotic resistance was investigated by PCR amplification in all isolates. Plasmid DNAs were isolated by using a Thermo Scientific GeneJET Plasmid Miniprep Kit. The cefoxitin resistance of S.aureus isolates, identified according to the results of disk diffusion and automated system, was calculated as 19%. Vancomycin and linezolid resistance were not observed in isolates while gentamicin 2%, penicillin 100%, methicillin 19%, tetracycline 18% resistance were identified using the automated system. According to the results of molecular analysis aac(6’)/aph(2’’), blaZ, mecA, femA, tetK and tetM genes frequencies were determined as 2%, 100%, 19%, 100%, 17% and 3% respectively, but vanA, vanB and  cfr genes were not amplified by PCR. In order to determine the relationship between antibiotic resistance and plasmid presence, plasmids were isolated from identified bacterial isolates. It is found that most of bacterial isolates (79%) contain different numbers plasmids. Rapid and reliable method for antibiotic susceptibility is important to determine the appropriate therapy decision. PCR can be used for confirmation of the results obtained by automated system or could be used as an alternative diagnostic method in the routine diagnosis for rapid, sensitive, and specific detection of MRSA associated antibiotic resistance genes.

Keywords

References

  1. Abdul-Hameed RA, Ayoub NS 2014. Vancomycin resistance among methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates from general hospitals. KCMJ, 10(1):82-86.
  2. Aghazadeh M, Rahbar M, Monnavar MK, Moghadam FS 2009. Sensitivity pattern of methicillin resistant and methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus isolates, against several antibiotics including tigecycline in Iran: a hospital based study. Pak J Med Sci, 25(3):443-446.
  3. Aires de Sousa M, Conceica˜o T, Simas C, de Lencastre H 2005. Comparison of genetic backgrounds of methicillin-resistant and susceptible Staphylococcus aureus isolates from Portuguese hospitals and the community. J Clin Microbiol, 43(10):5150-5157.
  4. Al-Talib H, Yean CY., Al-Khateeb A, Hassan H, Singh KKB, Al-Jashamy K and Ravichandran, M 2009. A pentaplex PCR assay for the rapid detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Panton-Valentine Leucocidin. BMC Microbiology, 9:113.
  5. Appelbaum PC 2007. Microbiology of Antibiotic Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 45(3):165-170. Boswihi SS, Udo EE 2018. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: An update on the epidemiology, treatment options and infection control. J Curr Med Res Pract, 8(1):18-24
  6. Braoios A, Fluminhan Júnior A, Pizzolitto AC 2009. Multiplex PCR use for Staphylococcus aureus identification and oxacillin and mupirocin resistance evaluation. Revista de Ciências Farmacêuticas Básica e Aplicada,30(3):303-307.
  7. Chikkala R, George NO, Ratnakar KS, Iyer RN, Sritharan V 2012. Heterogeneity in femA in the Indian isolates of Staphylococcus aureus limits its usefulness as a species specific marker. Advances in Infectious Diseases, 2(3):82-88.
  8. Choi SM, Kim SH, Kim HJ, Lee DG, Choi JH, Yoo JH, Kang JH, Shin WS, Kang MW 2003. Multiplex PCR for the detection of genes encoding aminoglycoside modifying enzymes and methicillin resistance among Staphylococcus species. J Korean Med Sci, 18(5):631-6.

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

-

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Arzu Kayış

Esra Kaya

Murat Aral

Publication Date

November 30, 2018

Submission Date

February 9, 2018

Acceptance Date

June 6, 2018

Published in Issue

Year 1970 Volume: 21 Number: 6

APA
Orhan, Z., Kayış, A., Kaya, E., & Aral, M. (2018). Phenotypic and Genotypic Analysis of Gentamicin, Penicillin, Methicillin, Vancomycin, Linezolid and Tetracycline Resistance in Clinical Isolates of Staphylococcus aureus. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım Ve Doğa Dergisi, 21(6), 957-965. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.452783


International Peer Reviewed Journal
Free submission and publication
Published 6 times a year



88x31.png


KSU Journal of Agriculture and Nature

e-ISSN: 2619-9149