Artan Dozdaki Biyokömür ve Solucan Gübresi Uygulamalarının Buğdayda ve Toprakta Besin Elementi İçeriği Üzerine Etkilerinin Belirlenmesi

Ferit Sönmez; Fatih Çığ

doi:10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.516812

TR EN

Artan Dozdaki Biyokömür ve Solucan Gübresi Uygulamalarının Buğdayda ve Toprakta Besin Elementi İçeriği Üzerine Etkilerinin Belirlenmesi

Öz

Yapılan analizler sonucunda kök üstü organ, kök ve toprak örneklerinin besin elementi içeriği üzerine biyokömür ve solucan gübresi uygulamaları kontrole göre belirgin değişimlere neden olmuşlardır. Kontrol grubu bitkilerine göre bitki organlarında ve toprak besin elementi içeriklerinde en belirgin değişimler daha çok solucan gübresinin %5 (K ve Ca elementlerinde) ve %20 (Mg, Na, Fe, Mn, Zn ve Cu elementlerinde) uygulama dozlarında belirlenmiştir. Biyokömürün %20 uygulama dozunda solucan gübresi kadar artış sağladığı görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak biyokömür iyi bir toprak düzenleyici ve organik gübre kaynağı olarak kullanılabilir. Deneme Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi, Ziraat ve Doğa Bilimleri Fakültesine ait iklim odasında yapılmıştır. Çalışmada artan dozlarda biyokömür ve solucan gübresi (%0, %5, %10 ve %20) kullanılmıştır. Deneme dört tekerrürlü ve tesadüf parselleri deneme desenine göre kurulmuştur. Deneme sonunda kök üstü organ, kök ve toprak örneklerinde potasyum, kalsiyum, magnezyum, sodyum, demir, mangan, çinko ve bakır element analizleri yapılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

biochar,solucan gübresi,besin elementleri,toprak,buğday

References

Abujabhah IS, Bound SA, Doyle R, Bowman JP 2016. Effects of Biochar and Compost Amendments on Soil Physico-Chemical Properties and the Total Community Within A Temperate Agricultural Soil. Applied Soil Ecology, 98: 243-253.
Açıkbaş B, Bellitürk K 2016. Vermikompostun 5BB Üzerine Aşılı Trakya İlkeren Ama Fidanlarının Bitki Besin Elementleri İçerikleri Üzerine Etkisi. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 13 (4): 131-138.
Adiloğlu A, Eryılmaz Açıkgöz F, Adiloğlu S, Solmaz Y 2015. Akuakültür Atığı ve Solucan Gübresi Uygulamalarının Salata (Lactuca Sativa L. var. crispa) Bitkisinin Verim, Bazı Bitki Besin Elementi İçeriği ile Bazı Agronomik Özellikleri Üzerine Etkisi. Namık Kemal Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projesi, Proje No: NKUBAP.00.24.AR.15.11.
Ahmad M, Rajapaksha AU, Lim JE, Zhang M, Bolan N, Mohan D, Vithanage M, Lee SS, Ok YS 2014. Biochar As A Sorbent for Contaminant Managementin Soil and Water. A Rev. Chemosphere, 99: 19–33.
Akgül G 2017. Biyokömür: Üretimi ve Kullanım Alanları. S.Ü. Müh. Bilim ve Tekn. Derg., 5(4): 485-499.
Alam MN, Jahan MS, Ali MK, Ashraf MA, Islam MK 2007. Effect of Vermicompost and Chemical Fertilizers on Growth, Yield and Yield Components of Potato in Barind Soils Of Bangladesh. J. Appl. Sci. Res., 3(12): 1879-1888.
Albiach R, Canet R, Pomares F, Ingelmo F 2000. Microbial Biomass Content and Enzymatic Activities After Application of Organic Amendments to A Horticultural Soil. Bioresour. Technol, 75: 43-48.
Alvarez JM, Pasian C, Lal R, López R, Fernández M 2017.Vermicompost and Biochar As Substitutes of Growing Media in Ornamental-Plant Production. Journal of Applied Horticulture, 19(3): 205-214.

Amir K, Fouzia I 2011. Chemical Nutrient Analysis of Different Composts (Vermicompost and Pitcompost) and Their Effect on the Growth of A Vegetative Crop Pisum Sativum. Asian Journal of Plant Science and Research, 1(1): 116–130.
Ateş N, Çoşkan A 2016. Toprak Solucanı, Organik ve Mineral Gübreli Koşullarda Mısır Bitkisi Performansını Artırdı. Çukurova Tarım ve Gıda Bilimleri Dergisi, 31: 39-49.
Atkinson C, Fitzgerald J, Hipps N 2010. Potential Mechanisms for Achieving Agricultural Benefits from Biochar Application to Temperate Soils: A review. Plant Soil 337: 1-18.
Azarmi R, Giglou MT, Taleshmikail RD 2018. Influence of Vermicompost on Soil Chemical and Physical Properties in Tomato (Lycopersicum Esculentum) Field. African Journal of Biotechnology, 7 (14): 2397-2401.
Azeez JO, Van Averbeke W, Okorogbona AOM 2010. Differential Responses in Yield of Pumpkin (Cucurbita Maxima L.) and Nightshade (Solanum Retroflexum dun.) to the Application of Three Animal Manures. Bioresource Technology, 101: 2499–2505.
Bai BA, Malakout MJ 2007. The Effect of Different Organic Manures on Some Yield and Yield Quality Parameters in Onion. Iran Soil and Water Sciences Journal, 21 (1): 43-33.
Bai J, Gao H, Deng W, Yang Z, Cui B 2010. Nitrification Potential of Marsh Soils from Two Natural Saline-Alkaline Wetlands. Biol Fertil Soils, 46: 525-529.
Baronti S, Alberti G, Delle Vedove G, Di Gennaro F, Fellet G, Genesio L, Miglietta F, Peressotti A, Primo Vaccari F 2010. The Biochar Option to İmprove Plant Yields: First Results From Some Field and Pot Experiments in Italy. Ital J Agron., 5: 3–12.
Beesley L, Moreno-Jiménez E, Gomez-Eyles JL 2010. Effects of Biochar and Greenwaste Compost Amendments on Mobility, Bioavailability and Toxicity of İnorganic and Organic Contaminants in A Multi-Element Polluted Soil. Environmental Pollution, 158: 2282-2287.
Bellitürk, K., 2018. Vermicomposting in Turkey: Challenges and Opportunities in Future. Eurasian Journal of Forest Science. 6 (4): 32-41.
Boran D 2015. Farklı Isıl Teknikleri Uygulanmış Solucan Gübresinin Kalite Parametrelerinin Belirlenmesi. Ankara Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 84 s.
Bossuyt H, Six J, Hendrix PF 2005. Protection of Soil Carbon By Microaggregates within Earthworm Casts. Soil Biol. Biochem, 37: 251–258.
Bridle TR. Pritchard D 2004. Energy and Nutrient Recovery From Sewage Sludge Via Pyrolysis. Water Science and Technology, 50:169–175.
Carter S, Shackley S, Sohi S, Suy TB, Haefele S 2013. The Impact of Biochar Application on Soil Properties and Plant Growth of Pot Grown Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and Cabbage (Brassica chinensis). Agronomy, 3: 404-418.
Chan KY, Zwieten Van L, Meszaros I, Downie A, Joseph S 2007. Agronomic Values of Greenwaste Biochar as a Soil Amendment. Aust J Soil Res, 45: 629- 634.
Çıtak S, Sönmez S, Koçak F, Yaşin S 2011. Vermikompost ve Ahır Gübresi Uygulamalarının Ispanak (Spinacia oleracea var. L.) Bitkisinin Gelişimi ve Toprak Verimliliği Üzerine Etkileri. Batı Akdeniz Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsü Derim Dergisi, 28(1): 56-69.
Demir H, Polat E, Sönmez İ 2010. Ülkemiz İçin Yeni Bir Organik Gübre: Solucan Gübresi. Tarım Aktüel, 14: 54-60.
Düzgüneş A, Kesici OT, Kavuncu O, Gürbüz F 1987. Araştırma ve Deneme Metodları (İstatistik Metodları-II). Ankara Ünv. Ziraat Fak. Yayın No: 1021, Ankara, 381 s.
Esposito NC 2013. Soil Nutrient Availability Properties of Biochar. The Faculty Of Cal Poly State University. Master Thesis, 59 s.
Gaskin JW, Speir RA, Harris K, Das KC, Lee RD, Morris LA, Fisher DS 2010. Effect of Peanut Hull and Pine Chip Biochar on Soil Nutrients, Corn Nutrient Status, and Yield. Agron J., 102: 623–633.
Gezgin S 2018. Türkiye Topraklarının Organik Madde Durumu, Organik Madde Kaynaklarımız ve Kullanımı. Organomineral Gübre Çalıştayı, 12-16 Mayıs, İstanbul.
Glaser B, Wiedner K, Seelig S, Schmidt HP, Gerber H 2014. Biochar Organic Fertilizers from Natural Resources as Substitute for Mineral Fertilizers. Agron. Sustain. Dev., 35: 667-678.
Gomez J, Denef K, Stewart C, Zheng J, Cotrufo MF 2014. Biochar Addition Rate İnfluences Soil Microbial Abundance and Activity in Temperate Soils. European Journal of Soil Science, 65: 28-39.
Hairani A, Osaki M, Watanabe T 2016. Effect of Biochar Application on Mineral and Microbial Properties of Soils Growing Different Plant Species. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 62(5–6): 519–525.
Ippolito JA, Ducey TF, Cantrell KB, Novak JM, Lentz RD 2016. Designer, Acidic Biochar İnfluences Calcareous Soil Characteristics, Chemosphere, 142: 184–191.
İnal A, Günes A, Şahin O, Taşkın MB, Kaya EC 2015. Impacts of Biochar and Processed Poultry Manure, Applied to A Calcareous Soil, on the Growth of Bean and Maize. Soil Use and Management, 31: 106–113.
Jahan FN, Shahjalal ATM, Paul AK, Mehraj H, Uddin AFMJ 2014. Efficacy of Vermicompost and Conventional Compost on Growth and Yield of Cauliflower. Bangladesh Research Publications Journal, 10 (1): 33-38.
Jeffery S, Abalos D, Prodana M, Bastos AC, Van Groenigen JW, Hungate BA, Verheijen F 2017. Biochar Boosts Tropical But Not Temperate Crop Yields. Environmental Research Letters, 12(5): 1-6.
Jordao CP, Nascentes CC, Cecon PR, Fontes RLF, Pereira JL 2006. Heavy Metal Availability in Soil Amended with Composted Urban Solid Wastes. Environ. Monit. Assess., 112: 309-326.
Kacar B. 1994. Bitki ve Toprağın Kimyasal Analizleri: III Toprak Analizleri. Ankara Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Eğitim Araştırma ve Geliştirme Vakfı Yayınları No:3, Ankara, 705s.
Kacar B, İnal A. 2008. Bitki Analizleri. Nobel yayın no:1241, Fen Bilimleri Yayın No:63 Ankara, 892s.
Kammann C, Ippolito J, Hagemann N, Borchard N, Cayuela ML, Estavillo JM, Fuertes-Mendizabal T, Jeffery S, Kern J, Novak J, Rasse D, Saarnio S, Schmidt HP, Spokas K, Wrage-Mönnig N 2017. Biochar as A Tool to Reduce the Agricultural Greenhouse-Gas Burden– Knowns, Unknowns and Future Research Needs. Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management, 25(2): 114-139.
Karki R 2018. Vermi-Biochar as Alternative to Peat as Growing Substrate for Greenhouse Vegetables. Faculty of Applied Ecology, Agricultural Sciences and Biotechnology. Inland Norway University Of Applied Science. Master thesis, 44s.
Kishimoto S, Sugiura G 1985. Charcoal as A Soil Conditioner. Symposium on Forest Products Research International Achievements for the Future, 5: 12–23.
Knapp BA, Ros M, Insam H 2010. Do Composts Affect the Soil Microbial Community? In: Insam H, Franke-Whittle I, Goberna M (Eds.), Microbes at Work: From Wastes to Resources, Springer, Berlin Heidelberg, 93-114.
Krull ES, Swanston CW, Skjemstad JO, McGowan JA 2006. Importance of Charcoal in Determining the Age and Chemistry of Organic Carbon in Surface Soils, Journal of Geophysical Research, 111: G04001.
Kurt S 2016. Biyokömür ve Vermikompostun Mısır Bitkisinin (Zea mays L.) Kök Bölgesindeki Enzim Aktiviteleri Üzerine Etkisi. Ordu Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Toprak Bölümü ve Bitki Besleme ABD, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 45s.
Lehmann J, Joseph S 2015. Biochar For Environmental Management. (Science, Technology And İmplementation Routledge, New York USA: Ed. Lehman J, Joseph S) 1-12.
Lehmann J 2007. Bio-Energy in the Black. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 5: 381-387.
Lei O, Zhang R 2013. Effects of Biochars Derived from Different Feedstocks and Pyrolysis Temperatures on Soil Physical and Hydraulic Properties, Journal of Soils and Sediments, 13(9): 1561–1572.
Lorenz K, Lal R 2014. Biochar Application to Soil for Climate Change Mitigation by Soil Organic Carbon Sequestration. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 177: 651–670.
Major J 2009. Biochar Application to A Colombian Savanna Oxisol: Fate and Effect on Soil Fertility, Crop Production, Nutrient Leaching and Soil Hydrology. Cornell University, Doctoral Dissertation, 841s.
Major J, Lehmann J, Rondon M, Goodale C 2010. Fate of Soil-Applied Black Carbon: Downward Migration, Leaching and Soil Respiration. Global Change Biol. 16: 1366–1379.
Muralidhara HS 1982. Conversion Of Tannery Waste To Useful Products, Resources and Conservation, 8: 43–59. Ni M, Leung DYC, Leung MKH, Sumathy K 2006. An Overview of Hydrogen Production From Biomass. Fuel Processing Technology, 87: 461-472.
Orozco FH, Cegarra J, Trujillo LM, Roig A 1996. Vermicomposting of Coffee Pulp Using the Earthworm Eisenia Fetida: Effects on C and N Contents and the Availability of Nutrients. Biol. Fert. Soils 22: 162-166.
Ortaş İ 2018. Bioçar’ın Toprak Kalitesi ve Bitki Gelişimi Üzerine Etkileri. Organomineral Gübre Çalıştayı, 12 Mayıs 2018, İstanbul.
Pandit NB, Mulder J, Hale SE, Martinsen V, Schmidt HP, Cornelissen G 2018. Biochar İmproves Maize Growth By Alleviation of Nutrient Stress in A Moderately Acidic Low-İnput Nepalese Soil. Science of the Total Environment, 625: 1380-1389.
Pandit NR, Mulder J, Hale S.E, Schmidt HP, Cornelissen G 2017. Biochar from “Kon Tiki” Flame Curtain and Other Kilns: Effects of Nutrient Enrichment and Kiln Type on Crop Yield and Soil Chemistry. PLoS One, 12: e0176378.
Park JH, Choppala GK, Bolan NS, Chung JW, Chuasavathi T 2011. Biocharreduces the Bioavailability and Phytotoxicity of Heavy Metals. Plant Soil, 348: 439–451.
Pühringer H 2016. Effects of different biochar application rates on soil fertility and soil water retention in on-farm experiments on smallholder farms in Kenya. Faculty of Natural Resources and Agricultural Sciences, Department of Soil and Environment. Master’s Thesis in Environmental Science, 60s.
Ramnarain YI, Orı L, Ansarı AA 2018. Effect of the Use of Vermıcompost on the Plant Growth Parameters of Pak Choı (Brassica rapa var. chinensis) and On the Soıl Structure In Surıname. Journal of Global Agriculture and Ecology. 8(1): 8-15.
Rehman HA, Razzaq R 2017. Benefits of Biochar on the Agriculture and Environment - A Review. J Environ Anal Chem 4: 207.
Rizwan M, Ali S, Qayyum M., Ibrahim M, Zia-ur-Rehman M, Abbas T, Ok YS 2016. Mechanisms of Biochar-Mediated Alleviation of Toxicity of Trace Elements in Plants: A Critical Review. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 23 (3): 2230–2248.
Ros M, Pascual JA, García C, Hernández MT, Insam H 2006. Hydrolase Activities, Microbial Biomass and Bacterial Community in A Soil After Long-Term Amendment with Different Composts. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 38: 3443-3452.
Schmidt HP, Kammann C, Niggli C, Evangelou MW, Mackie KA, Abiven S 2014. Biochar and Biochar-Compost As Soil Amendments to A Vineyard Soil: İnfluences on Plant Growth, Nutrient Uptake, Plant Health and Grape Quality. Agric Ecosyst Environ 191: 117–123.
Shackley S, Carter S, Knowles T, Middelink E, Haefele S, Haszeldine S 2012. Sustainable Gasification-Biochar Systems, A Case-Study of Rice-Husk Gasification in Cambodia, Part II: Field Trial Results, Carbon Abatement, Economic Assessment and Conclusions. Energy Policy, 41: 618-623.
Sohi S, Lopez-Capel E, Krull E, Bol R 2009. Biochar, Climate Change and Soil: A Review to Guide Future Research, in CSIRO Land and Water Science Report 05/09, CSIRO, Black Mountain ACT, Australia, 17-31.
Sohi SP, Krull E, Lopez-Capel E, Bol R 2010. A Review of Biochar and Its Use and Function in Soil. Adv Agron., 105: 47-82.
Sokchea H, Borin K, Preston TR 2013. Effect of Biochar from Rice Husks (Combusted in A Downdraft Gasifier or A Paddy Rice Dryer) on Production of Rice Fertilized with Biodigester Effluent or Urea. Livestock Research for Rural Development, 25(1): 1-4.
Sümer SK, Kavdır Y, Çiçek G 2016. Türkiye’de Tarımsal ve Hayvansal Atıklardan Biyokömür Üretim Potansiyelinin Belirlenmesi. KSÜ Doğa Bil. Derg., 19(4): 379-387.
Şahin G 2013. Organik zeytin yetiştiriciliğinde farklı gübre dozlarının toprak özellikleri, yaprak besin elementi içeriği ve yağ kalitesi üzerine etkileri. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü. Toprak Bilimi ve Bitki Besleme ABD. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 121s.
Tammeorg P, Simojoki A, Mäkelä P, Stoddard FL, Alakukku L, Helenius J 2014. Short-Term Effects of Biochar on Soil Properties and Wheat Yield Formation with Meat Bone Meal and İnorganic Fertiliser on A Boreal Loamy Sand. Agric Ecosyst Environ., 191: 108–116.
Tejada M, González JL 2009. Application of Two Vermicomposts on A Rice Crop: Effects on Soil Biological Properties and Rice Quality and Yield. Agron. J., 101: 336–344.
Vaccari FP, Baronti S, Lugato E, Genesio L, Castaldi S, Fornasier F, Miglietta F 2011. Biochar As A Strategy to Sequester Carbon and İncrease Yield in Durum Wheat. Eur J Agron., 34: 231–238.
Wang Y, Xu Y, Li D, Tang B, Man S, Jia Y, Xu H 2018a. Vermicompost and Biochar As Bio-Conditioners to İmmobilize Heavy Metal and İmprove Soil Fertility on Cadmium Contaminated Soil Under Acid Rain Stres. Science of the Total Environment, 621: 1057–1065.
Wang L., Xue C, Nie X, Liu Y, Chen F 2018b. Effects of Biochar Application on Soil Potassium Dynamics and Crop Uptake. J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci., 000: 1–9.
Yılmaz E, Ozen N, Ozen M 2017. Determination of Changes in Yield and Quality of Tomato Seedlings (Solanum lycopersicon cv. Sedef F1) in Different Soilless Growing Media. Mediterranean Agricultural Sciences, 30(2): 163-168.
Yılmaz FI, Kurt S 2018. Biyokömür ve Vermikompost Uygulamalarının Toprağın Bazı Biyolojik Özellikleri Üzerine Etkisi. Toprak Bilimi ve Bitki Besleme Dergisi, 6(2): 143-150.
Yuan J-H, Xu R-K, Qian W, Wang R-H 2011. Comparison of the Ameliorating Effects on an Acidic Ultisol Between Four Crop Straws and Their Biochars. J. Soils Sediments, 11: 741–750.

Details

Primary Language

Turkish

Subjects

-

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Ferit Sönmez
0000-0003-1437-4081
Türkiye

Fatih Çığ ^*
0000-0002-4042-0566
Türkiye

Publication Date

August 31, 2019

Submission Date

January 23, 2019

Acceptance Date

April 18, 2019

Published in Issue

Year 1970 Volume: 22 Number: 4

DOI

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.516812

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA74BJ74EA

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Sönmez, F., & Çığ, F. (2019). Artan Dozdaki Biyokömür ve Solucan Gübresi Uygulamalarının Buğdayda ve Toprakta Besin Elementi İçeriği Üzerine Etkilerinin Belirlenmesi. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım Ve Doğa Dergisi, 22(4), 526-536. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.516812

Cited By

Effect of Biochar and PGPR on the Growth and Nutrients Content of Einkorn Wheat (Triticum monococcum L.) and Post-Harvest Soil Properties

Agronomy

https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11122418

Comparison of the Effects of Sheep Manure and Vermicompost Applications on the Yield of Einkorn Wheat (Triticum monococcum L.)

Black Sea Journal of Agriculture

https://doi.org/10.47115/bsagriculture.1762489

Determination of Effects of Increasing Dose Biochar and Vermicompost Applications on Nutrient Content in Wheat and Soil

Artan Dozdaki Biyokömür ve Solucan Gübresi Uygulamalarının Buğdayda ve Toprakta Besin Elementi İçeriği Üzerine Etkilerinin Belirlenmesi

Öz

Anahtar Kelimeler

Determination of Effects of Increasing Dose Biochar and Vermicompost Applications on Nutrient Content in Wheat and Soil

Abstract

Keywords

References

Details

Primary Language

Subjects

Journal Section

Authors

Publication Date

Submission Date

Acceptance Date

Published in Issue

DOI

IZ

Cite

Cited By

Effect of Biochar and PGPR on the Growth and Nutrients Content of Einkorn Wheat (Triticum monococcum L.) and Post-Harvest Soil Properties

Importance of Vermicompost in Tomato Plant Cultivation and Improvement of Some Soil Properties

Biyokömürün Çilek Yapraklarında Besin Element İçerikleri Üzerine Etkileri

The Effect of Vermicompost Application on Soil Properties in Olive (Olea europaea L. cv. Memecik) Plant

İki Farklı Vermikültürün Marul (Lactuca sativa L.) Bitkisinin Gelişimi Üzerindeki Etkisi

Comparison of the Effects of Sheep Manure and Vermicompost Applications on the Yield of Einkorn Wheat (Triticum monococcum L.)