Anticancer, Antiproliferative and Lactate Dehydrogenase Enzyme Activities of Astragalus elongatus subsp. nucleiferus on Human Cancer Cells
Abstract
In this study, potential
anticancer and antiproliferative activities of ethanol and water extracts from aerial parts and roots of Astragallus elongatus subsp. nucleiferus were evaluated. In this
context, MTT, trypan blue, and LDH enzyme activity assays were performed to
determine cytotoxicity and cell proliferation potentials of the plant extracts
against human A549, H1299, C6 cancer cells, and non-tumorous HUVECs. Based on
cytotoxicity against the cancer cells, the various concentrations of the
extracts were selected for in vitro
assays. As a result of MTT and trypan blue assays,
dose-dependent anticancer and antiproliferative effects were observed on tested
human lung and brain carcinoma cells. The water extracts obtained from root of
the plant exerted higher anticancer activity with IC50 values
ranging from 5.81±0.46 to 18.24±0.12µg/mL than the aerial parts of the
extracts. Besides increasing extract concentration lead to decrease the growth
rate of the cancer cells, apoptosis was observed in the tested human malignant
cells. In contrary anticancer and cytotoxicity results, the ethanol extract of
the root was also caused to the highest apoptosis level in a dose dependently. Regarding LDH activity, the
plant extracts obtained from aerial parts and roots were demonstrated the
highest LDH activity towards H1299 cells, which was followed by A549 cells. The
results were found a similar activity profile as observed in MTT
and trypan blue assays. These results obtained from this work showed that the roots of the plant
are able to inhibit cell growth in cancer cells in a time and concentration
dependently.
Supporting Institution
Scientific Research Project Unit of Kilis 7 Aralık University
Project Number
Project code no: 1859LTP1
Thanks
Authors would like to thank Gaziantep University, Medical Biology Department, Genetics Research Laboratory for their technical support.
References
- Al-Qubaisi M, Rozita R, Yeap SK, Omar AR, Ali AM 2011. Selective cytotoxicity of goniothalamin against hepatoblastoma HepG2 cells. Molecules 16(4), 2944-2959. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules16042944.
- Block KI, Mead MN 2003. Immune system effects of echinacea, ginseng, and astragalus: a review. Integrative cancer therapies, 2(3): 247-267. https://doi.org/10.1177/1534735403256419.
- Chan FK, Moriwaki K, De Rosa MJ 2013. Detection of necrosis by release of lactate dehydrogenase activity. Methods Mol Biol. 979:65-70. doi: 10.1007/978-1-62703-290-2_7. PubMed PMID: 23397389; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3763497.
- Gezici S 2019. Anticancer, antiproliferative, lysosomal and lactate dehydrogenase inhibitory effects of fruit extracts from sumac (Rhus coriaria L.) on human lung cancer cells. Acta Oncologica Turcica 52(1), 160-168. https://doi.org/10.5505/aot.2019.09326.
- Gezici S, Sekeroglu N 2019a. Current perspectives in the application of medicinal plants against cancer: novel therapeutic agents. Anticancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry 19(1): 101-111. https://doi.org/10.2174/1871520619666181224121004.
- Gezici S, Sekeroglu N 2019b. Neuroprotective potential and phytochemical composition of acorn fruits. Industrial Crops and Products 128: 13-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2018.10.082.
- Gezici S 2018. Promising anticancer activity of lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) essential oil through induction of both apoptosis and necrosis. Annals of Phytomedicine 7(2): 38-45. https://doi.org/10.21276/ap.2018.7.2.5.
- Gezici S, Serin Tanrıöver C, Yayla F, Sekeroglu N 2018. Astragalus neurocarpus and Astragalus elongatus subsp. nucleiferus extracts as a Potential Source of Polyphenols with Antioxidant and Cholinesterase Inhibitory Activities. The 4th International Mediterranean Symposium on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants-MESMAP-4. April 18-22, 2018, Antalya, Turkey. Abstract Book, p: 41. (Oral Presentation).
- Gezici S, Sekeroglu N, Kijjoa A 2017. In vitro Anticancer Activity and Antioxidant Properties of Essential Oils from Populus alba L. and Rosmarinus officinalis L. from South Eastern Anatolia of Turkey. Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education and Research 51(3): 498-503. https://doi.org/10.5530/ijper.51.3s.74.
- Ionkova I, Shkondrov A, Krasteva I, Ionkov T 2014. Recent progress in phytochemistry, pharmacology and biotechnology of Astragalus saponins. Phytochemistry reviews, 13(2): 343-374. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11101-014-9347-3.
- Mosmann T 1983. Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays. Journal of Immunological Methods 65(1-2): 55-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1759(83)90303-4.
- Newman DJ, Cragg GM 2016. Natural products as sources of new drugs from 1981 to 2014. Journal of Natural Products 79(3), 629-661. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b01055. Ranjbar, M., & Mahmoudian, B. (2015). An overview on cytogenetics of the genus Astragalus subgenus Hypoglottis (Fabaceae). Caryologia, 68(2): 109-124. https://doi.org/10.1080/00087114.2015.1032571.
- Roleira FM, Varela CL, Costa SC, Tavares-da-Silva EJ 2018. Phenolic derivatives from medicinal herbs and plant extracts: anticancer effects and synthetic approaches to modulate biological activity. Studies in Natural Products Chemistry 57: 115-56. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-64057-4.00004-1.
- Shao BM, Xu W, Dai H, Tu P, Li Z, Gao XM 2004. A study on the immune receptors for polysaccharides from the roots of Astragalus membranaceus, a Chinese medicinal herb. Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 320(4): 1103-1111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.06.065.
- Strober W 2015. Trypan blue exclusion test of cell viability. Current Protocols inImmunology,111(1):A3.B.1-A3.B.3. https://doi.org/10.1002/0471142735.ima03bs111. Yalçın FN, Piacente S, Perrone A, Capasso A, Duman H, Çalış İ 2012. Cycloartane glycosides from Astragalus stereocalyx Bornm. Phytochemistry, 73: 119-126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2011.09.011.
İnsan Kanser Hücrelerinde Astragalus elongatus subsp. nucleiferus’ un Antikanser, Antiproliferatif ve Laktat Dehidrojenaz Enzim Aktiviteleri
Abstract
Bu araştırmada, Astragallus
elongatus subsp. nucleiferus’ un toprak üstü kısmı ve köklerinden elde edilen
etanol ve su özütlerinin potansiyel antikanser ve antiproliferatif
aktivitelerinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu bağlamda, bitki özütlerinin
A549, H1299, C6 insan kanser hücreleri ve kanserli olmayan HUVEC hücrelerine
karşı sitotoksisite ve hücre proliferasyon potansiyellerini araştırmak için;
MTT, tripan mavisi ve LDH enzim aktivite analizleri yapılmıştır. Özütlerin
kanser hücrelerine karşı sitotoksisitelerine göre, özütlerin çeşitli
konsantrasyonları in vitro analizler
için belirlenmiştir. MTT ve tripan mavisi deneylerinin bir sonucu olarak, test
edilen insan akciğer ve beyin karsinomu hücrelerinde doza bağlı antikanser ve
antiproliferatif etkiler gözlenmiştir. Bitkinin kökünden elde edilen su
özütleri, 5.81±0.46 ile 18.24±0.12μg / mL arasında değişen IC50
değerleriyle, toprak üstü özütlerinden daha yüksek bir antikanser aktivite
göstermiştir. Artan özüt konsantrasyonunun, kanser hücrelerinin büyüme oranını
düşürmesine yol açmasının yanı sıra; test edilen insan kanser hücrelerinde
apoptoz gözlenmiştir. Antikanser ve sitotoksisite sonuçlarının aksine, kök
etanol özütleri doza bağlı olarak en yüksek apoptoz seviyesine neden olmuştur.
LDH aktivitesi ile ilgili olarak; toprak üstü kısımdan ve köklerden elde edilen
bitki özütlerinin H1299 hücrelerine karşı en yüksek LDH aktivitesi gösterdiği
ve bunu A549 hücrelerinin izlediği ortaya konulmuştur, ki bu sonuçlar MTT ve
tripan mavisi analizlerinde gözlenen duruma benzer bir aktivite profili
göstermiştir. Bu çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlar; bitki köklerinin, kanser
hücrelerinde hücre büyümesini konsantrasyon ve zamana bağlı olarak
önleyebildiğini göstermiştir.
Project Number
Project code no: 1859LTP1
References
- Al-Qubaisi M, Rozita R, Yeap SK, Omar AR, Ali AM 2011. Selective cytotoxicity of goniothalamin against hepatoblastoma HepG2 cells. Molecules 16(4), 2944-2959. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules16042944.
- Block KI, Mead MN 2003. Immune system effects of echinacea, ginseng, and astragalus: a review. Integrative cancer therapies, 2(3): 247-267. https://doi.org/10.1177/1534735403256419.
- Chan FK, Moriwaki K, De Rosa MJ 2013. Detection of necrosis by release of lactate dehydrogenase activity. Methods Mol Biol. 979:65-70. doi: 10.1007/978-1-62703-290-2_7. PubMed PMID: 23397389; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3763497.
- Gezici S 2019. Anticancer, antiproliferative, lysosomal and lactate dehydrogenase inhibitory effects of fruit extracts from sumac (Rhus coriaria L.) on human lung cancer cells. Acta Oncologica Turcica 52(1), 160-168. https://doi.org/10.5505/aot.2019.09326.
- Gezici S, Sekeroglu N 2019a. Current perspectives in the application of medicinal plants against cancer: novel therapeutic agents. Anticancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry 19(1): 101-111. https://doi.org/10.2174/1871520619666181224121004.
- Gezici S, Sekeroglu N 2019b. Neuroprotective potential and phytochemical composition of acorn fruits. Industrial Crops and Products 128: 13-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2018.10.082.
- Gezici S 2018. Promising anticancer activity of lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) essential oil through induction of both apoptosis and necrosis. Annals of Phytomedicine 7(2): 38-45. https://doi.org/10.21276/ap.2018.7.2.5.
- Gezici S, Serin Tanrıöver C, Yayla F, Sekeroglu N 2018. Astragalus neurocarpus and Astragalus elongatus subsp. nucleiferus extracts as a Potential Source of Polyphenols with Antioxidant and Cholinesterase Inhibitory Activities. The 4th International Mediterranean Symposium on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants-MESMAP-4. April 18-22, 2018, Antalya, Turkey. Abstract Book, p: 41. (Oral Presentation).
- Gezici S, Sekeroglu N, Kijjoa A 2017. In vitro Anticancer Activity and Antioxidant Properties of Essential Oils from Populus alba L. and Rosmarinus officinalis L. from South Eastern Anatolia of Turkey. Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education and Research 51(3): 498-503. https://doi.org/10.5530/ijper.51.3s.74.
- Ionkova I, Shkondrov A, Krasteva I, Ionkov T 2014. Recent progress in phytochemistry, pharmacology and biotechnology of Astragalus saponins. Phytochemistry reviews, 13(2): 343-374. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11101-014-9347-3.
- Mosmann T 1983. Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays. Journal of Immunological Methods 65(1-2): 55-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1759(83)90303-4.
- Newman DJ, Cragg GM 2016. Natural products as sources of new drugs from 1981 to 2014. Journal of Natural Products 79(3), 629-661. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b01055. Ranjbar, M., & Mahmoudian, B. (2015). An overview on cytogenetics of the genus Astragalus subgenus Hypoglottis (Fabaceae). Caryologia, 68(2): 109-124. https://doi.org/10.1080/00087114.2015.1032571.
- Roleira FM, Varela CL, Costa SC, Tavares-da-Silva EJ 2018. Phenolic derivatives from medicinal herbs and plant extracts: anticancer effects and synthetic approaches to modulate biological activity. Studies in Natural Products Chemistry 57: 115-56. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-64057-4.00004-1.
- Shao BM, Xu W, Dai H, Tu P, Li Z, Gao XM 2004. A study on the immune receptors for polysaccharides from the roots of Astragalus membranaceus, a Chinese medicinal herb. Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 320(4): 1103-1111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.06.065.
- Strober W 2015. Trypan blue exclusion test of cell viability. Current Protocols inImmunology,111(1):A3.B.1-A3.B.3. https://doi.org/10.1002/0471142735.ima03bs111. Yalçın FN, Piacente S, Perrone A, Capasso A, Duman H, Çalış İ 2012. Cycloartane glycosides from Astragalus stereocalyx Bornm. Phytochemistry, 73: 119-126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2011.09.011.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Structural Biology |
| Journal Section | RESEARCH ARTICLE |
| Authors | |
| Project Number | Project code no: 1859LTP1 |
| Publication Date | October 31, 2019 |
| Submission Date | May 23, 2019 |
| Acceptance Date | July 3, 2019 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2019Vol 22 (Suppl 1) |
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