Bazı Endemik ve Doğal Isatis L. Türlerine Ait Kök ve Gövde Ekstraktlarının Biyoaktivitesi ile Tohum Yağlarının Analizi

Nazan Çömlekcioğlu

doi:10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.657322

Araştırma Makalesi

Bazı Endemik ve Doğal Isatis L. Türlerine Ait Kök ve Gövde Ekstraktlarının Biyoaktivitesi ile Tohum Yağlarının Analizi

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 4, 860 - 869, 31.08.2020

Nazan Çömlekcioğlu

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.657322

Cited By: 4

Öz

Bu çalışmada, HPLC analizleri sonucunda bitkilerde doğal glukozinolatlardan progoitrin, epiprogoitrin, glukonapin, glukoerusin, glukobrassisin olmak üzere beş farklı glukozinolat farklı miktarlarda belirlenmiştir. I. tinctoria ve I. tinctoria subsp. corymbosa’da köklerinde ana bileşenler progoitrin ve glukobrassisin iken, diğer üç türde glukonapin ve glukobrassisin olarak bulunmuştur. Gövdeye oranla kökte daha yüksek oranda glukozinolat, fenolik, flavonoid madde ve protein miktarı tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca kök ekstraktlarının antioksidan aktivitesinin gövdeye oranla daha yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur. Bitkilerin kök ve gövde ekstraktlarının her ikisi de gram pozitif bakterilerin büyümesini inhibe ederken, gram negatif bakterilerin büyümesini yalnızca kök ekstraktlarının inhibe ettiği görülmüştür. I. aucherii, I. buschiana, I. candolleana, I. tinctoria ve I. tinctoria subsp. corymbosa tohumlarının yağ içerikleri sırasıyla % 30.41, 37.55, 38.43, 28.79 ve 36.45 olarak elde edilmiştir. Çalışılan tüm türlerde yağın önemli bir kısmının doymamış yağ asitlerinden (oleik, linoleik, alfa-linolenik, cis-11 eikosenoik ve erusik asit) oluştuğu belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Isatis, Glukozinolat, Antioksidan, Antimikrobiyal, Yağ asitleri

Destekleyen Kurum

KSÜ BAP

Proje Numarası

Proje No:2012/3-23M

Teşekkür

Bu çalışma KSÜ tarafından desteklenmiştir (Proje No:2012/3-23M).

Kaynakça

AOAC 1990. Official method of analysis. Association of official analytical chemists 15th.edition, p. 66-88.
Arora R, Kumar R, Mahajan J, Vig AP, Singh B, Singh B, Arora S 2016. 3-Butenyl isothiocyanate: a hydrolytic product of glucosinolate as a potential cytotoxic agent against human cancer cell lines. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 53(9): 3437-3445.
Bagci E, Özçelik H 2009. Fatty acid and tocochromanol patterns of some Isatis L. (Brassicaceae) species from Turkey. Pakistan J Bot, 41(2): 639-646.
Benzie IF, Strain JJ 1996. The ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) as a measure of “antioxidant power”: the FRAP assay. Anal Biochem, 239(1): 70-76.
Brand-Williams W, Cuvelier ME, Berset CLWT 1995. Use of a free radical method to evaluate antioxidant activity. LWT-Food Sci Technol, 28(1): 25-30.
Cai Y, Luo Q, Sun M, Corke H 2004. Antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds of 112 traditional Chinese medicinal plants associated with anticancer. Life Science, 74(17): 2157-2184.
Cartea ME, Velasco P 2008. Glucosinolates in Brassica foods: bioavailability in food and significance for human health. Phytochemistry reviews, 7(2): 213-229.
Cartea E, Haro-Bailón D, Padilla G, Obregón-Cano S, del Rio-Celestino M, Ordás A 2019. Seed Oil Quality of Brassica napus and Brassica rapa Germplasm from Northwestern Spain. Foods, 8(8): 292.
Chang CC, Yang MH, Wen HM, Chern JC 2002. Estimation of total flavonoid content in propolis by two complementary colorimetric methods. J Food Drug Anal, 10(3): 178-182.
Davis PH 1965. Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands (Vol. 10). Edinburgh University Press, England.
En B 2009. 14775: 2009. Solid biofuels–determination of ash content. British Standards Institution, London.
Fahey JW, Zalcmann AT, Talalay P 2001. The chemical diversity and distribution of glucosinolates and isothiocyanates among plants. Phytochemistry, 56: 5-51.
Fazio A, Plastina P, Meijerink J, Witkamp RF, Gabriele B 2013. Comparative analyses of seeds of wild fruits of Rubus and Sambucus species from Southern Italy: Fatty acid composition of the oil, total phenolic content, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of the methanolic extracts. Food chemistry, 140(4): 817-824.
Filipiak-Szok A, Kurzawa M, Szłyk E 2014. Evaluation of antioxidants in Dong quai (Angelica sinensis) and its dietary supplements. Chemical Papers, 68(4): 493-503.
Gai QY, Jiao J, Mu PS, Wang W, Luo M, Li CY, ... Fu YJ 2013. Microwave-assisted aqueous enzymatic extraction of oil from Isatis indigotica seeds and its evaluation of physicochemical properties, fatty acid compositions and antioxidant activities. Industrial Crops and Products, 45: 303-311.
Grosser K, Van Dam NM 2017. A straightforward method for glucosinolate extraction and analysis with high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). Journal of Visualized Experiments, 121: e55425.
Heo BG, Park YJ, Lee SJ, Kim KS, Cho JY, Boo HO 2012. Antioxidant enzyme activity and antimicrobial activity of Isatis tinctoria extract. Korean Journal of Plant Resources, 25(5): 543-549.
Karaca E, Aytaç S 2007. Yağ bitkilerinde yağ asitleri kompozisyonu üzerine etki eden faktörler. Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 22(1): 123-131.
Karakoca K, Ozusaglam MA, Cakmak YS, Erkul SK 2013. Antioxidative, antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties of Isatis floribunda Boiss. Bornm extracts. EXCLI Journal, 12:150-167.
Kizil S, Turk M, Cakmak O, Ozguven M, Khawar KM 2009. Microelement Contents and Fatty Acid Compositions of some Isatis Species Seeds. Not Bot Horti Agrobo, 37(1): 175.
Kocak MS, Uren MC, Calapoglu M, Tepe AS, Mocan A, Rengasamy KRR, Sarikurkcu C 2017. Phenolic profile, antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activities of Stachys annua subsp. annua var. annua. South African journal of botany, 113: 128-132.
Kumar S 2017. Plant secondary metabolites (PSMs) of Brassicaceae and their role in plant defense against insect herbivores -“A review. Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 9(1): 508-519.
Li T, Qu XY, Zhang QA, Wang ZZ 2012. Ultrasound-assisted extraction and profile characteristics of seed oil from Isatis indigotica Fort. Industrial Crops and Products, 35(1): 98-104.
May-Wilson S, Sud A, Law PJ, Palin K, Tuupanen S, Gylfe A, ... Kaasinen E 2017. Pro-inflammatory fatty acid profile and colorectal cancer risk: A Mendelian randomisation analysis. European Journal of Cancer, 84: 228-238.
Mewis I, Glatt H, Brigelius-Flohe R, Blaut M, Rohn S, Kroh L, ... Schreiner M 2016. Improving dietary glucosinolate production, processing and characterization of potential health effects for the prevention of colon cancer. Berichte aus dem Julius Kühn-Institut, 183: 36.
Mohanty BP, Bhattacharjee S, Paria P, Mahanty A, Sharma AP 2013. Lipid biomarkers of lens aging. Applied biochemistry and biotechnology, 169(1): 192-200.
Mohn T, Cutting B, Ernst B, Hamburger M 2007. Extraction and analysis of intact glucosinolates—A validated pressurized liquid extraction/liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry protocol for Isatis tinctoria and qualitative analysis of other cruciferous plants. J Chromatogr A, 1166(1): 142-151.
Moser HW, Moser AB, Hollandsworth K, Brereton NH, Raymond GV 2007. “Lorenzo’s oil” therapy for X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy: rationale and current assessment of efficacy. Journal of Molecular Neuroscience, 33(1): 105-113.
Navarro SL, Li F, Lampe W 2011. Mechanisms of action of isothiocyanates in cancer chemoprevention: an update. Food & Function, 2: 579-587.
NCCLS 1993. Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Disc Suspectibility Tests. Approved Standard NCCLS Publication M2-A5, Villanova, PA, USA.
Núñez-Iglesias MJ, Novío S, García C, Pérez-Muñuzuri E, Soengas P, Cartea E, ... Freire-Garabal M 2019. Glucosinolate-Degradation Products as Co-Adjuvant Therapy on Prostate Cancer in Vitro. International journal of molecular sciences, 20(20): 4977.
Obanda M, Owuor PO, Taylor SJ 1997. Flavanol composition and caffeine content of green leaf as quality potential indicators of Kenyan black teas. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 74(2): 209-215.
Orsavova J, Misurcova L, Ambrozova JV, Vicha R, Mlcek J 2015. Fatty acids composition of vegetable oils and its contribution to dietary energy intake and dependence of cardiovascular mortality on dietary intake of fatty acids. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 16(6): 12871-12890.
Padilla G, Cartea ME, Velasco P, de Haro A, Ordás A 2007. Variation of glucosinolates in vegetable crops of Brassica rapa. Phytochemistry, 68(4): 536-545.
Qian F, Korat AA, Malik V, Hu FB 2016. Metabolic effects of monounsaturated fatty acid–enriched diets compared with carbohydrate or polyunsaturated fatty acid–enriched diets in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Diabetes care, 39(8): 1448-1457.
Redovnikovic IR, Gliveti T, Delonga K, Fura JV 2008. Glucosinolates and their potential role in plant. Periodicum Biologorum, 110(4): 297-309.
Sakamoto T, Sakuradani E, Okuda T, Kikukawa H, Ando A, Kishino S, ... Ogawa J 2017. Metabolic engineering of oleaginous fungus Mortierella alpina for high production of oleic and linoleic acids. Bioresource technology, 245: 1610-1615.
Sarıkamış G, Yanmaz R, Balkaya A 2008. Ülkemize Özgü Bazı Beyaz Baş Lahana (B.oleracea var. capitata) ve Yaprak Lahana (B.oleracea var. acephala) Genotiplerinin Glukozinolat İçeriklerinin İncelenmesi. Tübitak Proje Sonuç Raporu. Proje No: 106O318.
Sharma M, Khurana SM, Kansal R 2016. Choosing quality oil for good health and long life. Indian Journal of Health & Wellbeing, 7(2): 254-258.
Steinbrecher A, Nimptsch K, Hüsing A, Rohrmann S, Linseisen J 2009. Dietary glucosinolate intake and risk of prostate cancer in the EPIC‐Heidelberg cohort study. International Journal of Cancer, 125(9): 2179-2186.
Sun B, Tian YX, Jiang M, Yuan Q, Chen Q, Zhang Y, ... Tang HR 2018. Variation in the main health-promoting compounds and antioxidant activity of whole and individual edible parts of baby mustard (Brassica juncea var. gemmifera). RSC advances, 8(59): 33845-33854.
Şerbetçi T, Özsoy N, Demirci B, Can A, Kültür Ş, Başer KC 2012. Chemical composition of the essential oil and antioxidant activity of methanolic extracts from fruits and flowers of Hypericum lydium Boiss. Industrial crops and products, 36(1): 599-606.
Ullah I, Wakeel A, Shinwari ZK, Jan SA, Khalil AT, Ali M 2017. Antibacterial and antifungal activity of Isatis tinctoria L.(Brassicaceae) using the micro-plate method. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 49(5): 1949-1957.
Xie Z, Shi Y, Wang Z, Wang R, Li Y 2011. Biotransformation of glucosinolates epiprogoitrin and progoitrin to (R)-and (S)-goitrin in Radix isatidis. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 59(23): 12467-12472.
Wittstock U, Halkier BA 2002. Glucosinolate research in the Arabidopsis era. Trends in plant science, 7(6): 263-270.
Yang M, Zheng C, Zhou Q, Huang F, Liu C, Wang H 2013. Minor components and oxidative stability of cold-pressed oil from rapeseed cultivars in China. J Food Comp Anal, 29(1): 1-9.
Zhang NQ, Ho SC, Mo XF, Lin FY, Huang WQ, Luo H, ... Zhang CX 2018. Glucosinolate and isothiocyanate intakes are inversely associated with breast cancer risk: A case–control study in China. British Journal of Nutrition, 119(8): 957-964.

The Analysis of Seed Oil with Bioactivity of Root and Stem Extracts of some Endemic and Native Isatis L. Species

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 4, 860 - 869, 31.08.2020

Nazan Çömlekcioğlu

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.657322

Cited By: 4

Öz

In this study, five different glucosinolates including progoitrin, epiprogoitrin, gluconapine, glucoerucine, glucobrassicin were determined in different plant species by using HPLC. The main constituents of I. tinctoria and I. tinctoria subsp. corymbosa roots were progoitrin and glucobrassicin, while the other three species contained gluconapine and glucobrassicin. A higher amount of glucosinolate, phenolic, flavonoid substance and protein were detected in the plant roots than in the stems. The antioxidant activity of root extracts was found higher than the stem. The root and stem extracts of plants showed significant inhibition on gram-positive bacteria, but the only root extracts showed inhibition on gram negative bacteria. The oil content of I. aucherii, I. buschiana, I. candolleana, I. tinctoria and I. tinctoria subsp. Corymbosa seeds were 30.41%, 37.55%, 38.43%, 28.79% and 36.45%, respectively. Major fatty acid component of the all plant species studied were the unsaturated fats like oleic, linoleic, alpha-linolenic, cis-11 eicosenoic and erucic acid.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Isatis, Glucosinolate, Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Fatty acid

Proje Numarası

Proje No:2012/3-23M

Kaynakça

AOAC 1990. Official method of analysis. Association of official analytical chemists 15th.edition, p. 66-88.
Arora R, Kumar R, Mahajan J, Vig AP, Singh B, Singh B, Arora S 2016. 3-Butenyl isothiocyanate: a hydrolytic product of glucosinolate as a potential cytotoxic agent against human cancer cell lines. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 53(9): 3437-3445.
Bagci E, Özçelik H 2009. Fatty acid and tocochromanol patterns of some Isatis L. (Brassicaceae) species from Turkey. Pakistan J Bot, 41(2): 639-646.
Benzie IF, Strain JJ 1996. The ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) as a measure of “antioxidant power”: the FRAP assay. Anal Biochem, 239(1): 70-76.
Brand-Williams W, Cuvelier ME, Berset CLWT 1995. Use of a free radical method to evaluate antioxidant activity. LWT-Food Sci Technol, 28(1): 25-30.
Cai Y, Luo Q, Sun M, Corke H 2004. Antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds of 112 traditional Chinese medicinal plants associated with anticancer. Life Science, 74(17): 2157-2184.
Cartea ME, Velasco P 2008. Glucosinolates in Brassica foods: bioavailability in food and significance for human health. Phytochemistry reviews, 7(2): 213-229.
Cartea E, Haro-Bailón D, Padilla G, Obregón-Cano S, del Rio-Celestino M, Ordás A 2019. Seed Oil Quality of Brassica napus and Brassica rapa Germplasm from Northwestern Spain. Foods, 8(8): 292.
Chang CC, Yang MH, Wen HM, Chern JC 2002. Estimation of total flavonoid content in propolis by two complementary colorimetric methods. J Food Drug Anal, 10(3): 178-182.
Davis PH 1965. Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands (Vol. 10). Edinburgh University Press, England.
En B 2009. 14775: 2009. Solid biofuels–determination of ash content. British Standards Institution, London.
Fahey JW, Zalcmann AT, Talalay P 2001. The chemical diversity and distribution of glucosinolates and isothiocyanates among plants. Phytochemistry, 56: 5-51.
Fazio A, Plastina P, Meijerink J, Witkamp RF, Gabriele B 2013. Comparative analyses of seeds of wild fruits of Rubus and Sambucus species from Southern Italy: Fatty acid composition of the oil, total phenolic content, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of the methanolic extracts. Food chemistry, 140(4): 817-824.
Filipiak-Szok A, Kurzawa M, Szłyk E 2014. Evaluation of antioxidants in Dong quai (Angelica sinensis) and its dietary supplements. Chemical Papers, 68(4): 493-503.
Gai QY, Jiao J, Mu PS, Wang W, Luo M, Li CY, ... Fu YJ 2013. Microwave-assisted aqueous enzymatic extraction of oil from Isatis indigotica seeds and its evaluation of physicochemical properties, fatty acid compositions and antioxidant activities. Industrial Crops and Products, 45: 303-311.
Grosser K, Van Dam NM 2017. A straightforward method for glucosinolate extraction and analysis with high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). Journal of Visualized Experiments, 121: e55425.
Heo BG, Park YJ, Lee SJ, Kim KS, Cho JY, Boo HO 2012. Antioxidant enzyme activity and antimicrobial activity of Isatis tinctoria extract. Korean Journal of Plant Resources, 25(5): 543-549.
Karaca E, Aytaç S 2007. Yağ bitkilerinde yağ asitleri kompozisyonu üzerine etki eden faktörler. Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 22(1): 123-131.
Karakoca K, Ozusaglam MA, Cakmak YS, Erkul SK 2013. Antioxidative, antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties of Isatis floribunda Boiss. Bornm extracts. EXCLI Journal, 12:150-167.
Kizil S, Turk M, Cakmak O, Ozguven M, Khawar KM 2009. Microelement Contents and Fatty Acid Compositions of some Isatis Species Seeds. Not Bot Horti Agrobo, 37(1): 175.
Kocak MS, Uren MC, Calapoglu M, Tepe AS, Mocan A, Rengasamy KRR, Sarikurkcu C 2017. Phenolic profile, antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activities of Stachys annua subsp. annua var. annua. South African journal of botany, 113: 128-132.
Kumar S 2017. Plant secondary metabolites (PSMs) of Brassicaceae and their role in plant defense against insect herbivores -“A review. Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 9(1): 508-519.
Li T, Qu XY, Zhang QA, Wang ZZ 2012. Ultrasound-assisted extraction and profile characteristics of seed oil from Isatis indigotica Fort. Industrial Crops and Products, 35(1): 98-104.
May-Wilson S, Sud A, Law PJ, Palin K, Tuupanen S, Gylfe A, ... Kaasinen E 2017. Pro-inflammatory fatty acid profile and colorectal cancer risk: A Mendelian randomisation analysis. European Journal of Cancer, 84: 228-238.
Mewis I, Glatt H, Brigelius-Flohe R, Blaut M, Rohn S, Kroh L, ... Schreiner M 2016. Improving dietary glucosinolate production, processing and characterization of potential health effects for the prevention of colon cancer. Berichte aus dem Julius Kühn-Institut, 183: 36.
Mohanty BP, Bhattacharjee S, Paria P, Mahanty A, Sharma AP 2013. Lipid biomarkers of lens aging. Applied biochemistry and biotechnology, 169(1): 192-200.
Mohn T, Cutting B, Ernst B, Hamburger M 2007. Extraction and analysis of intact glucosinolates—A validated pressurized liquid extraction/liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry protocol for Isatis tinctoria and qualitative analysis of other cruciferous plants. J Chromatogr A, 1166(1): 142-151.
Moser HW, Moser AB, Hollandsworth K, Brereton NH, Raymond GV 2007. “Lorenzo’s oil” therapy for X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy: rationale and current assessment of efficacy. Journal of Molecular Neuroscience, 33(1): 105-113.
Navarro SL, Li F, Lampe W 2011. Mechanisms of action of isothiocyanates in cancer chemoprevention: an update. Food & Function, 2: 579-587.
NCCLS 1993. Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Disc Suspectibility Tests. Approved Standard NCCLS Publication M2-A5, Villanova, PA, USA.
Núñez-Iglesias MJ, Novío S, García C, Pérez-Muñuzuri E, Soengas P, Cartea E, ... Freire-Garabal M 2019. Glucosinolate-Degradation Products as Co-Adjuvant Therapy on Prostate Cancer in Vitro. International journal of molecular sciences, 20(20): 4977.
Obanda M, Owuor PO, Taylor SJ 1997. Flavanol composition and caffeine content of green leaf as quality potential indicators of Kenyan black teas. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 74(2): 209-215.
Orsavova J, Misurcova L, Ambrozova JV, Vicha R, Mlcek J 2015. Fatty acids composition of vegetable oils and its contribution to dietary energy intake and dependence of cardiovascular mortality on dietary intake of fatty acids. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 16(6): 12871-12890.
Padilla G, Cartea ME, Velasco P, de Haro A, Ordás A 2007. Variation of glucosinolates in vegetable crops of Brassica rapa. Phytochemistry, 68(4): 536-545.
Qian F, Korat AA, Malik V, Hu FB 2016. Metabolic effects of monounsaturated fatty acid–enriched diets compared with carbohydrate or polyunsaturated fatty acid–enriched diets in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Diabetes care, 39(8): 1448-1457.
Redovnikovic IR, Gliveti T, Delonga K, Fura JV 2008. Glucosinolates and their potential role in plant. Periodicum Biologorum, 110(4): 297-309.
Sakamoto T, Sakuradani E, Okuda T, Kikukawa H, Ando A, Kishino S, ... Ogawa J 2017. Metabolic engineering of oleaginous fungus Mortierella alpina for high production of oleic and linoleic acids. Bioresource technology, 245: 1610-1615.
Sarıkamış G, Yanmaz R, Balkaya A 2008. Ülkemize Özgü Bazı Beyaz Baş Lahana (B.oleracea var. capitata) ve Yaprak Lahana (B.oleracea var. acephala) Genotiplerinin Glukozinolat İçeriklerinin İncelenmesi. Tübitak Proje Sonuç Raporu. Proje No: 106O318.
Sharma M, Khurana SM, Kansal R 2016. Choosing quality oil for good health and long life. Indian Journal of Health & Wellbeing, 7(2): 254-258.
Steinbrecher A, Nimptsch K, Hüsing A, Rohrmann S, Linseisen J 2009. Dietary glucosinolate intake and risk of prostate cancer in the EPIC‐Heidelberg cohort study. International Journal of Cancer, 125(9): 2179-2186.
Sun B, Tian YX, Jiang M, Yuan Q, Chen Q, Zhang Y, ... Tang HR 2018. Variation in the main health-promoting compounds and antioxidant activity of whole and individual edible parts of baby mustard (Brassica juncea var. gemmifera). RSC advances, 8(59): 33845-33854.
Şerbetçi T, Özsoy N, Demirci B, Can A, Kültür Ş, Başer KC 2012. Chemical composition of the essential oil and antioxidant activity of methanolic extracts from fruits and flowers of Hypericum lydium Boiss. Industrial crops and products, 36(1): 599-606.
Ullah I, Wakeel A, Shinwari ZK, Jan SA, Khalil AT, Ali M 2017. Antibacterial and antifungal activity of Isatis tinctoria L.(Brassicaceae) using the micro-plate method. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 49(5): 1949-1957.
Xie Z, Shi Y, Wang Z, Wang R, Li Y 2011. Biotransformation of glucosinolates epiprogoitrin and progoitrin to (R)-and (S)-goitrin in Radix isatidis. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 59(23): 12467-12472.
Wittstock U, Halkier BA 2002. Glucosinolate research in the Arabidopsis era. Trends in plant science, 7(6): 263-270.
Yang M, Zheng C, Zhou Q, Huang F, Liu C, Wang H 2013. Minor components and oxidative stability of cold-pressed oil from rapeseed cultivars in China. J Food Comp Anal, 29(1): 1-9.
Zhang NQ, Ho SC, Mo XF, Lin FY, Huang WQ, Luo H, ... Zhang CX 2018. Glucosinolate and isothiocyanate intakes are inversely associated with breast cancer risk: A case–control study in China. British Journal of Nutrition, 119(8): 957-964.

Toplam 47 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil	Türkçe
Konular	Yapısal Biyoloji
Bölüm	ARAŞTIRMA MAKALESİ (Research Article)
Yazarlar	Nazan Çömlekcioğlu 0000-0001-7729-5271
Proje Numarası	Proje No:2012/3-23M
Yayımlanma Tarihi	31 Ağustos 2020
Gönderilme Tarihi	9 Aralık 2019
Kabul Tarihi	13 Mart 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı	Yıl 2020Cilt: 23 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA	Çömlekcioğlu, N. (2020). Bazı Endemik ve Doğal Isatis L. Türlerine Ait Kök ve Gövde Ekstraktlarının Biyoaktivitesi ile Tohum Yağlarının Analizi. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım Ve Doğa Dergisi, 23(4), 860-869. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.657322