Research Article
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The Relation between Biochemical Parameters, Milk Amyloid A, Somatic Cell Count, and Some Pathogens in Buffalo Milks

Year 2020, Volume: 23 Issue: 5, 1379 - 1385, 31.10.2020

Yağmur Nil Doğan , Mürüvvet Düz İlkay Doğan , Zeki Gürler

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.689535
Cited By: 1

Abstract

Being resistant to hard environmental conditions and diseases makes Buffalo to have its valuable milk. Microbial contamination may occur due to undesirable conditions such as mastitis, environmental contamination, and stress. If microorganisms are not removed from the milk, it causes many production disadvantages including inadequacy of production, failure of fermentation and shortening of the shelf life. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between somatic cells count (SCC), the presence of some pathogens, and milk amyloid A (MAA) in the buffalo milk. In addition, oxidative stress in buffalo milk was evaluated. For this purpose, 70 samples were collected and Enterobacteriaceae, coliform microorganisms, Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp. analyses were performed. Biochemical parameters [Malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), nitric oxide (NO), catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC)] and serological parameter (MAA) were measured. The SCC was not statistically different according to Enterobacteriaceae, coliform microorganisms, E. coli groups. While MDA, NO, SOD, and TAC values were not statistically different according to the SCC groups, GSH and catalase values were statistically different. MAA values were statistically significant compared to the SCC groups. Moreover, there was a positive correlation between MAA and MDA/SCC. Detection of MAA may prevent the mixing of healthy and mastitic milk. Therefore, more reliable buffalo milk products will be presented to consumption. 

Keywords

Buffalo milk Somatic cell count Microbiological analysis Oxidative stress Milk amyloid A

Supporting Institution

Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi

Project Number

17.VF.01

Thanks

This study was financially supported by Afyon Kocatepe University, Scientific Projects Research Coordination Centre as 17.VF.01 project number.

References

  • Anderson MT, Staal FJT, Gitler C, Herzenberg LA, Herzenberg LA 1994. Separation of oxidant-initiated and redox-regulated steps in the NF-κB signal transduction pathway. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 91: 11527–11531. doi:10.1073/pnas.91.24.11527.
  • Andrei S 2010. Correlations between antioxidant enzymes activity and lipids peroxidation level in blood and milk from cows with subclinical mastitis. Bulletin UASVM. Veterinary Medicine. 2010; 67: 1843-5270.doi:10.15835/buasvmcn-vm:67:1:5887.
  • Anonymous 1981. International Dairy Fedaration, Laboratory Methods for use in mastitis work. International dairy federation document no: 132. Brussels, Belgium.
  • Anonymous 2011. Communique on Microbiological Criteria of the Turkish Food Codex, Official Paper 2011, Date: 29/12/2011 Number: 28157.
  • Anonymous 2017. Food and Drug Administration. Numeration of Escherichia coli and the coliform bacteria.
  • Badran AE 1985 Genetic and environmental effects on mastitis disease in Egyptian cows and buffaloes. Indian Journal of Dairy Science, 38: 230–234.
  • Bansal BK, Singh KA, Mohan R, Joshi DV, Nauriyal DC 1995. Incidence of subclinical mastitis in some cowe buffalo herds in Punjab. Journal of Research. Punjab Agricultural University, 32: 79–81.
  • Beutler E, Duron O, Kelly BM 1963. Improved method for the determination of blood glutathione. Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine, 61: 882-888.
  • Catozzi C, Sanchez Bonastre A, Francino O, Lecchi, C, De Carlo E, Vecchio D, Martucciello A, Fraulo P, Bronzo V, Cusco A, D’Andreano S, Ceciliani F 2017. The microbiota of water buffalo milk during mastitis. Plos One, 12: 1-20. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0184710.
  • Ceciliani F, Ceron JJ, Eckersall PD, Sauerwein H 2012. Acute phase proteins in ruminants. Journal of Proteomics, 75: 4207-4231. doi: 10.1016/j.jprot.2012.04.004.
  • Collins T 1999. Acute and chronic inflammation, in Robbins Pathologic Basis of Disease, R. S. Cotran, V. Kumar, and T. Collins, Eds., pp. 50–88, W.B. Saunders, Philadelphia, Pa, USA.
  • Dimri U, Sharma MC, Singh SK, Kumar P, Jhambh R, Singh B, Bandhyopadhyay S, Verma MR 2013. Amelioration of altered oxidant/antioxidant balance of Indian water buffaloes with subclinical mastitis by vitamins A, D3, E, and H supplementation. Tropical animal health and production, 45: 971–978.doi: 10.1007/s11250-012-0319-6.
  • Erel O 2004. A novel automated direct measurement method for total antioxidant capacity using a new generation, more stable ABTS radical cation. Clinical Biochemistry, 37: 277-285.doi: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2003.11.015.
  • Erişir M, Kandemir FM, Yüksel M 2011. İneklerin sütündeki MDA, GSH düzeyleri ile GSH-Px, CAT aktiviteleri üzerine subklinik mastitisin etkisi. Fırat Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Veteriner Dergisi, 25: 67-70.
  • Erskine RJ, Eberhart RJ, Hutchinson LJ, Scholz RW 1987. Blood selenium concentrations and glutathione peroxidase activities in dairy herds with high and low somatic cell counts. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 190: 1417-1421.
  • Flohe L, Brigelius-Flohe R, Saliou C, Traber MG 1997. Packer L. Redox regulation of NF-κB activation. Free Radical Biology and Medicine 22, 1115–1126. doi: 10.1016/S0891-5849(96)00501-1.
  • Haghkhah M, Nazifi S, Jahromi GA 2010. Evaluation of milk haptoglobin and amyloid A in high producing dairy cattle with clinical and subclinical mastitis in Shiraz. Comparative Clinical Pathology, 19: 547-552.doi: 10.1007/s00580-009-0919-3.
  • Halkman AK 2005. Merck gıda mikrobiyolojisi uygulamaları. (AK. Halkman. Başak matbaacılık Ltd. Şti., Ankara). p. 358.
  • Harmon RJ 1994. Physiology of mastitis and factors affecting somatic cell count. Journal of Dairy Science, 77: 2103–2112. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(94)77153-8.
  • Khan IT, Nadeem M, Imran M, Ayaz M, Ajmal M, Ellahi MY, Khalique A 2017. Antioxidant capacity and fatty acids characterization of heat treated cow and buffalo milk. Lipids in Health and Disease, 16: 163.doi: 10.1186/s12944-017-0553-z.
  • Kumar P, Sharma A, Sindhu N, Deora A 2014. Acute phase proteins as indicators of inflammation in streptococcal and staphylococcal mastitis in buffaloes. Haryana Veterinary, 53: 46-49.
  • Luck H 1955. Catalase. (Bergmeyer, H.U. (ed). Methods in analysis London: Academy Press).
  • Mayer SJ, Wterman AE, Keen PM, Craven N 1988. Oxygen concentration in milk of healty and mastitic cows and implications of oxygen tension. Journal of Dairy Science, 55: 513-519. doi: 10.1017/S0022029900033288.
  • Miranda KM, Espey MG, Wink AD 2001. A rapid, simple-spectrophotometric method for simultaneous detection of nitrate and nitrile. Nitric Oxide, 5: 62-71.doi: 10.1006/niox.2000.0319.
  • Ohkawa H, Ohishi N, Yagi K 1979. Assay for lipid peroxides in animal tissues by thiobarbituric acid reaction. Analytical Biochemistry, 95: 351-358.doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(79)90738-3.
  • Oliver SP, Jayarao BM, Almeida RA 2005. Foodborne pathogens in milk and the dairy farm environment: Food safety and public health implications. Foodborne Pathogene & Disease, 2: 115-129.doi: 10.1089/fpd.2005.2.115.
  • Özenç E, Vural MR, Şeker E, Uçar M 2008. An evaluation of subclinical mastitis during lactation in Anatolian buffaloes. Turkish Journal of Veterinary Animal Science, 32: 359-368.
  • Schultz LH, Broom Rw, Jasper De, Berger Rwm, Natwke Rp, Philpot WN, Smith JW, Thompson PD 1978. Current Concepts of Bovine Mastitis. 1978.2nd Ed., National Mastitis Council, Inc., Washington, DC, USA.
  • Sevimli A, Sevimli FK, Şeker E, Ulucan A, Demirel HH 2015. Acute-phase responses in cattle infected with hydatid cysts and microbial agents. Journal of Helminthology, 89: 471–479.doi: 10.1017/S0022149X14000315.
  • Silanikove N, Shapiro F, Sil M 2009. Hydrogen peroxide-dependent conversion of nitrite to nitrate as a crucial feature of bovine milk catalase. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 57: 8018–8025.doi: 10.1021/jf900618w.
  • Singh M, Sharma A, Sharma R, Mittal D, Yadav P, Charaya G 2015. Estimation of acute phase proteins as early biomarkers of buffalo subclinical mastitis. Asian Journal of Animal Veterinary Advance, 10: 864-902.doi: 10.3923/ajava.2015.894.902.
  • Sun Y, Oberley LW, Li YA 1988. simple method for clinical assay of superoxide dismutase. Clinical Chemistry, 34: 497-500.
  • Urech E, Puhanand Z, Schallibaum M 1999. Changes in milk protein fraction as affected by subclinical mastitis. Journal of Dairy Science, 82: 2402-2411. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022- 0302(99)75491-3.
  • Wanasinghe DD 1985. Mastitis among buffaloes in Sri Lanka. Proc. First World Buffalo Congress Cairo, Egypt, 4: 1331–1333.
  • Whelehan CJ, Meade KG, Eckersall PD, Young FJ, O'farrelly C 2011. Experimental Staphylococcus aureus infection of the mammary gland induces region-specific changes in innate immune gene expression. Veterinary immunology and immunopathology, 140: 181-189. doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2010.11.013.

Manda Sütlerindeki Somatik Hücre Sayısının Bazı Patojenler, Biyokimyasal Parametreler ve Süt Amiloid A ile İlişkisi

Year 2020, Volume: 23 Issue: 5, 1379 - 1385, 31.10.2020

Yağmur Nil Doğan , Mürüvvet Düz İlkay Doğan , Zeki Gürler

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.689535
Cited By: 1

Abstract

Mandaların olumsuz çevre koşullarına, hastalıklara karşı dirençli yapısı sütünü de değerli kılmaktadır. Manda sütlerine mastitis, çevresel bulaşma, stres gibi istenmeyen bazı durumlara bağlı olarak mikrobiyel bulaşma olabilir. Bu mikroorganizmaların sütten uzaklaştırılamaması sonucunda yetersiz üretim, fermantasyonun gerçekleşmemesi, ürünlerin raf ömrünün kısalması gibi üretim sorunlarına neden olmaktadır. Bu nedenle, manda sütlerindeki somatik hücre sayısının bazı patojenlerin varlığı ve süt amiloid A ile ilişkisinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Buna ilaveten manda sütlerinde meydana gelen oksidatif stres değerlendirilmiştir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, toplanan manda sütlerinde Enterobacteriaceae, koliform mikroorganizmalar, Escherichia coli ve Salmonella spp. analizleri yapılmıştır. Biyokimyasal parametrelerden malondialdehit (MDA), glutatyon (GSH), nitrik oksit (NOx), katalaz (KAT), süperoksit dismutaz (SOD), total antioksidan seviye (TAS) ölçülmüştür. Serolojik olarak ise süt amiloid A (SAA) seviyesi belirlenmiştir. Bu analiz sonuçlarına göre Enterobacteriaceae, koliform mikroorganizma, E. coli gruplarına göre SHS ortalamaları istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık göstermemiştir. MDA, NOx, SOD, TAS değerleri SHS gruplarına göre istatistiksel farklılık göstermezken; GSH ve KAT değerlerinin SHS gruplarına göre istatistiksel olarak farklı olduğu tespit edilmiştir. SAA değeri SHS gruplarına göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık göstermiştir. Buna ilaveten SAA ile MDA ve SHS değeri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı, düşük düzeyde, pozitif yönde bir korelasyon tespit edilmiştir. Manda sütlerinde süt amiloid A’nın tespiti ile, hastalıklı hayvan sütlerinin sağlıklı sütlerle karışmasına engel olunarak daha güvenilir manda süt ve süt ürünleri tüketime sunulma olanağı kazandırır.

Keywords

Manda sütü Somatik hücre sayısı Mikrobiyolojik analiz Oksidatif stres Süt amiloid A

Project Number

17.VF.01

References

  • Anderson MT, Staal FJT, Gitler C, Herzenberg LA, Herzenberg LA 1994. Separation of oxidant-initiated and redox-regulated steps in the NF-κB signal transduction pathway. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 91: 11527–11531. doi:10.1073/pnas.91.24.11527.
  • Andrei S 2010. Correlations between antioxidant enzymes activity and lipids peroxidation level in blood and milk from cows with subclinical mastitis. Bulletin UASVM. Veterinary Medicine. 2010; 67: 1843-5270.doi:10.15835/buasvmcn-vm:67:1:5887.
  • Anonymous 1981. International Dairy Fedaration, Laboratory Methods for use in mastitis work. International dairy federation document no: 132. Brussels, Belgium.
  • Anonymous 2011. Communique on Microbiological Criteria of the Turkish Food Codex, Official Paper 2011, Date: 29/12/2011 Number: 28157.
  • Anonymous 2017. Food and Drug Administration. Numeration of Escherichia coli and the coliform bacteria.
  • Badran AE 1985 Genetic and environmental effects on mastitis disease in Egyptian cows and buffaloes. Indian Journal of Dairy Science, 38: 230–234.
  • Bansal BK, Singh KA, Mohan R, Joshi DV, Nauriyal DC 1995. Incidence of subclinical mastitis in some cowe buffalo herds in Punjab. Journal of Research. Punjab Agricultural University, 32: 79–81.
  • Beutler E, Duron O, Kelly BM 1963. Improved method for the determination of blood glutathione. Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine, 61: 882-888.
  • Catozzi C, Sanchez Bonastre A, Francino O, Lecchi, C, De Carlo E, Vecchio D, Martucciello A, Fraulo P, Bronzo V, Cusco A, D’Andreano S, Ceciliani F 2017. The microbiota of water buffalo milk during mastitis. Plos One, 12: 1-20. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0184710.
  • Ceciliani F, Ceron JJ, Eckersall PD, Sauerwein H 2012. Acute phase proteins in ruminants. Journal of Proteomics, 75: 4207-4231. doi: 10.1016/j.jprot.2012.04.004.
  • Collins T 1999. Acute and chronic inflammation, in Robbins Pathologic Basis of Disease, R. S. Cotran, V. Kumar, and T. Collins, Eds., pp. 50–88, W.B. Saunders, Philadelphia, Pa, USA.
  • Dimri U, Sharma MC, Singh SK, Kumar P, Jhambh R, Singh B, Bandhyopadhyay S, Verma MR 2013. Amelioration of altered oxidant/antioxidant balance of Indian water buffaloes with subclinical mastitis by vitamins A, D3, E, and H supplementation. Tropical animal health and production, 45: 971–978.doi: 10.1007/s11250-012-0319-6.
  • Erel O 2004. A novel automated direct measurement method for total antioxidant capacity using a new generation, more stable ABTS radical cation. Clinical Biochemistry, 37: 277-285.doi: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2003.11.015.
  • Erişir M, Kandemir FM, Yüksel M 2011. İneklerin sütündeki MDA, GSH düzeyleri ile GSH-Px, CAT aktiviteleri üzerine subklinik mastitisin etkisi. Fırat Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Veteriner Dergisi, 25: 67-70.
  • Erskine RJ, Eberhart RJ, Hutchinson LJ, Scholz RW 1987. Blood selenium concentrations and glutathione peroxidase activities in dairy herds with high and low somatic cell counts. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 190: 1417-1421.
  • Flohe L, Brigelius-Flohe R, Saliou C, Traber MG 1997. Packer L. Redox regulation of NF-κB activation. Free Radical Biology and Medicine 22, 1115–1126. doi: 10.1016/S0891-5849(96)00501-1.
  • Haghkhah M, Nazifi S, Jahromi GA 2010. Evaluation of milk haptoglobin and amyloid A in high producing dairy cattle with clinical and subclinical mastitis in Shiraz. Comparative Clinical Pathology, 19: 547-552.doi: 10.1007/s00580-009-0919-3.
  • Halkman AK 2005. Merck gıda mikrobiyolojisi uygulamaları. (AK. Halkman. Başak matbaacılık Ltd. Şti., Ankara). p. 358.
  • Harmon RJ 1994. Physiology of mastitis and factors affecting somatic cell count. Journal of Dairy Science, 77: 2103–2112. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(94)77153-8.
  • Khan IT, Nadeem M, Imran M, Ayaz M, Ajmal M, Ellahi MY, Khalique A 2017. Antioxidant capacity and fatty acids characterization of heat treated cow and buffalo milk. Lipids in Health and Disease, 16: 163.doi: 10.1186/s12944-017-0553-z.
  • Kumar P, Sharma A, Sindhu N, Deora A 2014. Acute phase proteins as indicators of inflammation in streptococcal and staphylococcal mastitis in buffaloes. Haryana Veterinary, 53: 46-49.
  • Luck H 1955. Catalase. (Bergmeyer, H.U. (ed). Methods in analysis London: Academy Press).
  • Mayer SJ, Wterman AE, Keen PM, Craven N 1988. Oxygen concentration in milk of healty and mastitic cows and implications of oxygen tension. Journal of Dairy Science, 55: 513-519. doi: 10.1017/S0022029900033288.
  • Miranda KM, Espey MG, Wink AD 2001. A rapid, simple-spectrophotometric method for simultaneous detection of nitrate and nitrile. Nitric Oxide, 5: 62-71.doi: 10.1006/niox.2000.0319.
  • Ohkawa H, Ohishi N, Yagi K 1979. Assay for lipid peroxides in animal tissues by thiobarbituric acid reaction. Analytical Biochemistry, 95: 351-358.doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(79)90738-3.
  • Oliver SP, Jayarao BM, Almeida RA 2005. Foodborne pathogens in milk and the dairy farm environment: Food safety and public health implications. Foodborne Pathogene & Disease, 2: 115-129.doi: 10.1089/fpd.2005.2.115.
  • Özenç E, Vural MR, Şeker E, Uçar M 2008. An evaluation of subclinical mastitis during lactation in Anatolian buffaloes. Turkish Journal of Veterinary Animal Science, 32: 359-368.
  • Schultz LH, Broom Rw, Jasper De, Berger Rwm, Natwke Rp, Philpot WN, Smith JW, Thompson PD 1978. Current Concepts of Bovine Mastitis. 1978.2nd Ed., National Mastitis Council, Inc., Washington, DC, USA.
  • Sevimli A, Sevimli FK, Şeker E, Ulucan A, Demirel HH 2015. Acute-phase responses in cattle infected with hydatid cysts and microbial agents. Journal of Helminthology, 89: 471–479.doi: 10.1017/S0022149X14000315.
  • Silanikove N, Shapiro F, Sil M 2009. Hydrogen peroxide-dependent conversion of nitrite to nitrate as a crucial feature of bovine milk catalase. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 57: 8018–8025.doi: 10.1021/jf900618w.
  • Singh M, Sharma A, Sharma R, Mittal D, Yadav P, Charaya G 2015. Estimation of acute phase proteins as early biomarkers of buffalo subclinical mastitis. Asian Journal of Animal Veterinary Advance, 10: 864-902.doi: 10.3923/ajava.2015.894.902.
  • Sun Y, Oberley LW, Li YA 1988. simple method for clinical assay of superoxide dismutase. Clinical Chemistry, 34: 497-500.
  • Urech E, Puhanand Z, Schallibaum M 1999. Changes in milk protein fraction as affected by subclinical mastitis. Journal of Dairy Science, 82: 2402-2411. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022- 0302(99)75491-3.
  • Wanasinghe DD 1985. Mastitis among buffaloes in Sri Lanka. Proc. First World Buffalo Congress Cairo, Egypt, 4: 1331–1333.
  • Whelehan CJ, Meade KG, Eckersall PD, Young FJ, O'farrelly C 2011. Experimental Staphylococcus aureus infection of the mammary gland induces region-specific changes in innate immune gene expression. Veterinary immunology and immunopathology, 140: 181-189. doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2010.11.013.
There are 35 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Structural Biology, Agricultural, Veterinary and Food Sciences
Journal Section RESEARCH ARTICLE
Authors

Yağmur Nil Doğan 0000-0002-1309-0936

Mürüvvet Düz 0000-0001-8032-4280

İlkay Doğan 0000-0001-7552-6478

Zeki Gürler 0000-0002-9037-2945

Project Number 17.VF.01
Publication Date October 31, 2020
Submission Date February 14, 2020
Acceptance Date April 9, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020Volume: 23 Issue: 5

Cite

APA Doğan, Y. N., Düz, M., Doğan, İ., Gürler, Z. (2020). The Relation between Biochemical Parameters, Milk Amyloid A, Somatic Cell Count, and Some Pathogens in Buffalo Milks. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım Ve Doğa Dergisi, 23(5), 1379-1385. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.689535

Cited By

İnek Sütlerinde Somatik Hücre Sayısı ile Süt Amiloid A, Elektriksel İletkenlik ve pH Arasındaki İlişkiler
Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi
Mürüvvet DÜZ
https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.748069
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