Research Article
Eskişehir Ekolojik Koşullarında Rezene (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) Uçucu Yağının Morfogenetik Varyabilitesinin Belirlenmesi
Abstract
Eskişehir ekolojik koşullarında 2018 ve 2019 yıllarında yürütülen bu çalışmanın amacı, rezene (Foeniculum vulgare Mill) bitkisinin dört farklı organından (sap, yaprak, çiçek ve yeşil meyveler) elde edilen uçucu yağların oranlarını ve bileşenlerini belirlemektir. Tarla denemeleri tesadüf blokları deneme deseninde dört tekerrürlü olarak yürütülmüştür. Sonuçlar, iki yılın ortalama değerleri olarak saplardaki, yapraklardaki, çiçeklerdeki ve kurutulmuş yeşil meyvelerdeki uçucu yağ oranlarının sırasıyla % 1.10, % 2.49, % 5.51 ve % 5.75 olduğunu göstermiştir. Aynı şekilde, sap, yaprak, çiçek ve kurutulmuş yeşil meyvelerdeki kuru herba oranları sırasıyla % 38.98, % 11.53, % 28.34 ve % 42.10 olarak belirlenmiştir. Sap, çiçek ve meyvelerden elde edilen uçucu yağlarda metil kavikol/isoanethol/estragol (sırasıyla % 40.06, % 71.06 ve % 71.67) ana bileşen olarak belirlenirken, yapraklardan elde edilen uçucu yağda ise ana bileşen limonen (% 41.34)’dir. Çalışmadan elde edilen veriler bitkinin değişik organlarına bağlı olarak hem kuru herba ve uçucu yağ oranlarının ve hem de uçucu yağların kimyasal kompozisyonunun farklılık gösterdiğini ortaya koymuştur.
References
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- Açıkgöz MA, Kara SM, Aruc C, Ay E 2017. Morphogenetic, Ontogenetic and Diurnal Variability in Antimicrobial Activity of Bitter Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Miller var. vulgare) Essential Oil. Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education and Research 51(3): 190-194.
- Açıkgöz N 1993. Tarımda Araştırma ve Deneme Metotları. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi.Yayın No: 478. İzmir. Al-Snafi AE 2018. The Chemical Constituents and Pharmacological Effects of Foeniculum vulgare - A review. OSR Journal of Pharmacy www.iosrphr.org (e)-ISSN: 2250-3013, (p)-ISSN: 2319-4219. 8(5): 81-96.
- Badgujar SB, Patel VV, Bandivdekar AH 2014. Foeniculum vulgare Mill: A Review of Its Botany, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Contemporary Application, and Toxicology. Biomed Research International 10: 1-32.
- Bernath J, Nemeth E, Petheo F, Mihalik E, Kalmain K 1999. Regularities of the Essential Oil Accumulation in Developing Fruits of Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) and its Histological Background. J. Essent. Oil Res. 11:431-438.
- Bhardwaj S, Rashmi PV 2019. Effect of Seasonal Variation on Chemical Composition and Physicochemical Properties of Hedychium spicatum Rhizomes Essential Oil, Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants 1593-1600.
- Choi EM, Hwang JK 2004. Anti-Inflammatory, Analgesic and Antioxidant Activities of The Fruit of Foeniculum vulgare. Fitoterapia.75: 557-565.
- Chung HG, Nemeth E, Hethelyi E 1999. Studies on The Essential Oil of Different Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill) Populations During Ontogeny. International Journal of Horticultural Science 5(3-4): 27-30.
- Coban C, Ozer H, Ors S, Sahin U, Yildiz G, Cakmakci T 2018. Effects of Deficit Irrigation on Essential Oil Composition and Yield of Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill) in A High-Altitude Environment. Journal of Essential Oil Research 30(6): 457-463.
- Çalışkan UK, Özçelik B, Sazlı A, Sezik E 2010. Foeniculum vulgare Mill. Aktar ve Kültür Örneklerinin Uçucu Yağlarının Avrupa Farmakopesine Uygunluğu ve Antimikrobiyal Aktivite Yönünden Karşılaştırılması. Ankara Üniversitesi Ecz. Fak. Dergisi 39 (3):195-210.
- Giachino RRA, Avcı AB 2020. ISSR-Based Molecular Variation of Some Fennel (Foeniculum Vulgare Mill.) Populations. Anadolu Tarım Bilim. Derg. 35:140-146.
- He W, Huang B 2011. A Review of Chemistry and Bioactivities of A Medicinal Spice: Foeniculum vulgare. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research 5(16): 3595-3600.
- Kara SM, Acikgoz MA 2018. Morphogenetic, Ontogenetic and Diurnal Variability in Antioxidant Activity, Total Phenol and Flavonoids of Foeniculum vulgare Miller var. vulgare Extracts. YuzuncuYil University Journal of Agricultural Sciences 28 (Special issue): 96-101.
- Katar N, Katar D, Temel R, Karakurt S, Bolatkıran I, Yıldız E, Soltanbeigi A 2019. The Effect of Different Harvest Dates on The Yield and Quality Properties of Rosemary Rosmarinus officinalis L. Plant. Biological Diversity and Conservation 12(3):7-13.
- Khan M, Musharaf S 2014. Foeniculum vulgare Mill. A Medicinal Herb. Medicinal Plant Research. 4(6): 46-54.
- Khorshidi J, Tabatabaei MF, Omidbaigi R, Sefidkon F 2009. The Effect of Different Densities of Planting on Morphological Characters, Yield, and Yield Components of Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill cv. Soroksary). Journal of Agricultural Science 1(2): 66-73.
- Mammadov R 2014. Tohumlu Bitkilerde Sekonder Metabolitler. Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık, Yayın No:841, ISBN: 978-605-133-743-2. S:412.
- Moura LS, Raul N, Carvalho J, Mirian B, Lin C, Angela A 2005. Supercritical Fluid Extraction from Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare), Global Yield, Composition and Kinetic Data. Journal of Supercritical Fluid 35:212-219.
- Özcan M, Akgul A 2001. Chemical Composition of The Essential Oil of Bitter Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare subsp. piperitum). Journal of Spices and Aromatic Crops 10(1): 49-50.
- Özcan MM, Chalchat JC, 2006. Effect of Collection Time on Chemical Composition of the Essential Oil of Foeniculum vulgare subsp. piperitum Growing Wild in Turkey. European Food Research and Technology 224: 279-281.
- Punetha D, Tewari G, Pande C, Bhatt S 2019. Effect of Climatic Conditions on the Volatile Compounds of the Aerial Parts of Foeniculum vulgare Mill., Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants 1093-1103.
- Rather MA, Dar BA, Sofi SN, Bhat BA, Qurishi MA 2016. Foeniculum vulgare: A Comprehensive Review of Its Traditional Use, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology and Safety. Arabian Journal of Chemistry 9(2): 1574-1583.
- Reily K 2013. On Farm and Fresh Produce Management (Part II, p:198-234). in B.K. Tiwari, Brunton, N.P. and Brennan, C.S. (ed.) Handbook of Plant Food Phytochemicals Sources, Stability and Extraction, ISBN 978-1-4443-3810-2 (hardback: alk. Paper), this edition first published 2013 © 2013 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK.
- Shubham PS 2019. A Comprehensive Review on Pharmacological Activity of Foeniculum vulgare. Global Journal of Pharmacy/Pharmaceutical Sciences 7(1): 1-5.
- Stefanini MB, Ming LC, Marques MOM, Facanali R, Meireles MAA, Moura LS, Marchese JA, Sousa LA 2006. Essential Oil Constituents of Different Organs of Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare var. vulgare). Rev. Bras. Pl. Med., Botucatu. 8: 193-198.
- Telci İ, Dirican A, Elmastas M, Akşit H, Demirtas I 2019. Chemical Diversity of Wild Fennel Populations from Turkey. Journal Applied Research Medicinal and Aromatic Plants 13: 1-5.
- Wahba HE, Ibrahim ME, Mohamed MA 2018. Comparative Studies of the Constituents of Fennel Essential Oils Extracted from Leaves and Seeds with Those Extracted from Waste Plants After Harvest. Journal of Materials and Environmental Sciences 9(7): 2174-2179.
Determination of Morphogenetic Variability of Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) Essential Oil in Eskişehir Ecological Conditions
Abstract
The aim of this study, conducted in 2018 and 2019 years under the ecological conditions of Eskişehir, was to determine the content and components of essential oils obtained from four different organs (stems, leaves, flowers and green fruits) of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.). The field experiments were designed as randomized complete block design with four replications. The results showed that, as an average of two years, the essential oil content in stems, leaves, flowers and dried green fruits were 1.10%, 2.49%, 5.51% and 5.75%, respectively. In essential oils obtained from stems, flowers and fruits, methylchavicol (40.06%, 71.06% and 71.67%), respectively was determined as the main component, while in essential oil obtained from leaves, limonene (41.34%) was the main compound. The data obtained from the study showed that essential oil contents and the chemical composition of essential oils differ depending on the plant's different organs.
Keywords
Different plant organs Essential oil content Essential oil composition Methylchavicol Limonene
References
- Açıkgöz MA, Kara ŞM 2020. Morphogenetic, Ontogenetic and Diurnal Variability in Content and Constituents of Bitter Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Miller var. vulgare) Essential Oil. KSU J. Agric Nat 23 (1): 127-134.
- Açıkgöz MA, Kara SM, Aruc C, Ay E 2017. Morphogenetic, Ontogenetic and Diurnal Variability in Antimicrobial Activity of Bitter Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Miller var. vulgare) Essential Oil. Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education and Research 51(3): 190-194.
- Açıkgöz N 1993. Tarımda Araştırma ve Deneme Metotları. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi.Yayın No: 478. İzmir. Al-Snafi AE 2018. The Chemical Constituents and Pharmacological Effects of Foeniculum vulgare - A review. OSR Journal of Pharmacy www.iosrphr.org (e)-ISSN: 2250-3013, (p)-ISSN: 2319-4219. 8(5): 81-96.
- Badgujar SB, Patel VV, Bandivdekar AH 2014. Foeniculum vulgare Mill: A Review of Its Botany, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Contemporary Application, and Toxicology. Biomed Research International 10: 1-32.
- Bernath J, Nemeth E, Petheo F, Mihalik E, Kalmain K 1999. Regularities of the Essential Oil Accumulation in Developing Fruits of Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) and its Histological Background. J. Essent. Oil Res. 11:431-438.
- Bhardwaj S, Rashmi PV 2019. Effect of Seasonal Variation on Chemical Composition and Physicochemical Properties of Hedychium spicatum Rhizomes Essential Oil, Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants 1593-1600.
- Choi EM, Hwang JK 2004. Anti-Inflammatory, Analgesic and Antioxidant Activities of The Fruit of Foeniculum vulgare. Fitoterapia.75: 557-565.
- Chung HG, Nemeth E, Hethelyi E 1999. Studies on The Essential Oil of Different Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill) Populations During Ontogeny. International Journal of Horticultural Science 5(3-4): 27-30.
- Coban C, Ozer H, Ors S, Sahin U, Yildiz G, Cakmakci T 2018. Effects of Deficit Irrigation on Essential Oil Composition and Yield of Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill) in A High-Altitude Environment. Journal of Essential Oil Research 30(6): 457-463.
- Çalışkan UK, Özçelik B, Sazlı A, Sezik E 2010. Foeniculum vulgare Mill. Aktar ve Kültür Örneklerinin Uçucu Yağlarının Avrupa Farmakopesine Uygunluğu ve Antimikrobiyal Aktivite Yönünden Karşılaştırılması. Ankara Üniversitesi Ecz. Fak. Dergisi 39 (3):195-210.
- Giachino RRA, Avcı AB 2020. ISSR-Based Molecular Variation of Some Fennel (Foeniculum Vulgare Mill.) Populations. Anadolu Tarım Bilim. Derg. 35:140-146.
- He W, Huang B 2011. A Review of Chemistry and Bioactivities of A Medicinal Spice: Foeniculum vulgare. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research 5(16): 3595-3600.
- Kara SM, Acikgoz MA 2018. Morphogenetic, Ontogenetic and Diurnal Variability in Antioxidant Activity, Total Phenol and Flavonoids of Foeniculum vulgare Miller var. vulgare Extracts. YuzuncuYil University Journal of Agricultural Sciences 28 (Special issue): 96-101.
- Katar N, Katar D, Temel R, Karakurt S, Bolatkıran I, Yıldız E, Soltanbeigi A 2019. The Effect of Different Harvest Dates on The Yield and Quality Properties of Rosemary Rosmarinus officinalis L. Plant. Biological Diversity and Conservation 12(3):7-13.
- Khan M, Musharaf S 2014. Foeniculum vulgare Mill. A Medicinal Herb. Medicinal Plant Research. 4(6): 46-54.
- Khorshidi J, Tabatabaei MF, Omidbaigi R, Sefidkon F 2009. The Effect of Different Densities of Planting on Morphological Characters, Yield, and Yield Components of Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill cv. Soroksary). Journal of Agricultural Science 1(2): 66-73.
- Mammadov R 2014. Tohumlu Bitkilerde Sekonder Metabolitler. Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık, Yayın No:841, ISBN: 978-605-133-743-2. S:412.
- Moura LS, Raul N, Carvalho J, Mirian B, Lin C, Angela A 2005. Supercritical Fluid Extraction from Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare), Global Yield, Composition and Kinetic Data. Journal of Supercritical Fluid 35:212-219.
- Özcan M, Akgul A 2001. Chemical Composition of The Essential Oil of Bitter Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare subsp. piperitum). Journal of Spices and Aromatic Crops 10(1): 49-50.
- Özcan MM, Chalchat JC, 2006. Effect of Collection Time on Chemical Composition of the Essential Oil of Foeniculum vulgare subsp. piperitum Growing Wild in Turkey. European Food Research and Technology 224: 279-281.
- Punetha D, Tewari G, Pande C, Bhatt S 2019. Effect of Climatic Conditions on the Volatile Compounds of the Aerial Parts of Foeniculum vulgare Mill., Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants 1093-1103.
- Rather MA, Dar BA, Sofi SN, Bhat BA, Qurishi MA 2016. Foeniculum vulgare: A Comprehensive Review of Its Traditional Use, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology and Safety. Arabian Journal of Chemistry 9(2): 1574-1583.
- Reily K 2013. On Farm and Fresh Produce Management (Part II, p:198-234). in B.K. Tiwari, Brunton, N.P. and Brennan, C.S. (ed.) Handbook of Plant Food Phytochemicals Sources, Stability and Extraction, ISBN 978-1-4443-3810-2 (hardback: alk. Paper), this edition first published 2013 © 2013 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK.
- Shubham PS 2019. A Comprehensive Review on Pharmacological Activity of Foeniculum vulgare. Global Journal of Pharmacy/Pharmaceutical Sciences 7(1): 1-5.
- Stefanini MB, Ming LC, Marques MOM, Facanali R, Meireles MAA, Moura LS, Marchese JA, Sousa LA 2006. Essential Oil Constituents of Different Organs of Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare var. vulgare). Rev. Bras. Pl. Med., Botucatu. 8: 193-198.
- Telci İ, Dirican A, Elmastas M, Akşit H, Demirtas I 2019. Chemical Diversity of Wild Fennel Populations from Turkey. Journal Applied Research Medicinal and Aromatic Plants 13: 1-5.
- Wahba HE, Ibrahim ME, Mohamed MA 2018. Comparative Studies of the Constituents of Fennel Essential Oils Extracted from Leaves and Seeds with Those Extracted from Waste Plants After Harvest. Journal of Materials and Environmental Sciences 9(7): 2174-2179.
There are 27 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Agricultural, Veterinary and Food Sciences |
| Journal Section | RESEARCH ARTICLE |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | October 31, 2021 |
| Submission Date | July 24, 2020 |
| Acceptance Date | February 2, 2021 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2021Volume: 24 Issue: 5 |
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