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Morphology of Spermathecae and Eggs of Stenozygum coloratum (Klug, 1845) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae)

Year 2021, Volume: 24 Issue: 6, 1290 - 1299, 31.12.2021

Selami Candan , Mustafa Güllü , Nurcan Özyurt Koçakoğlu

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.858454

Abstract

The spermathecae and egg morphology of Stenozygum coloratum (Klug, 1845) were examined with light and scanning electron microscopy, and their external morphology was characterized in detail (egg chorion surface, operculum, and aero-micropylar processes, and spermatheca morphology). Eggs barrel-shaped; operculum round and the hatching line can be easily distinguished in the scanning electron photograph. The egg batches usually consist of 12 eggs. Because of the thick egg chorion, embrionic development was not visible from the outside. The eggs of S. coloratum are usually laid in two rows and are glued to the Capparis spinosa (Capparacea) plants. The egg burster is highly sclerotized, thick and T shaped. It is clearly observed in the hatched egg. Egg-burster is remains attached with the inside lateral surface of the egg. The well-marked operculum intersects the ring of 18–20 short pipe shaped micropylar projections that are found between the tubercles around the hatching line. In S. coloratum, the spermathecae has a semi-oblong spermathecal bulb. The spermathecal duct, pumping region, dilation of spermathecal duct and distal and proximal ducts. The pumping region has distal and proximal flanges. The balloon-like median spermathecal dilation has sclerotized rod and is narrowed distally and tipped. The proximal area of the spermathecal duct is close to the vagina opening. Two V-shaped sclerites and two ring sclerites are localized on the genital chamber (vagina) wall in to which opens the spermathecae. Egg and spermathecae structures in insects differ from species to species. In this study, spermathecae and egg structures of this species, which have not been studied before, were examined in detail, and it was aimed to contribute to systematic and taxonomic studies.

Keywords

Egg chorion Egg burster Micropyle Spermatheca S. coloratum

References

  • Bundy CS, McPherson RM 2000. Morphological Examination of Stink Bug (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) Eggs on Cotton and Soybeans, with a Key to Genera. Ann Entomol Soc Am 93(3): 616-624.
  • Candan S, Suludere Z 2001. Chorionic Structure of Eggs with Parasites and Normal of Rhaphigaster nebulosa (Poda, 1761) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). Türk Entomol Derg 25(1): 41-48.
  • Candan S, Suludere Z 1999. Chorionic Structure of Graphosoma lineatum (Linnaeus, 1758) (Heteroptera, Pentatomidae). J Entomol Res Soc 1(3): 1-7.
  • Candan S 1999a. Ancyrosoma leucogrammes (Gmelin) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) Yumurtalarının Dış Morfolojisi, GÜ Fen Bil Enst Derg 12(4): 933-941.
  • Candan S 1998a. External Morphology of Eggs of Palomena prasina (L.) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). J Inst of Sci and Tech Gazi Univ 11(4):791-800.
  • Candan S 1998b. External Morphology of Eggs of Piezodorus lituratus (F.) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). Turk Entomol Derg 22(4):307-313.
  • Candan S 1999b. Graphosoma semipunctatum (F.) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) Yumurtalarının Dış Morfolojisi. GÜ Fen Bil Enst Derg 12(3):769-778.
  • Candan S, Erbey M, Özyurt N, Suludere Z 2014. Spermathecae Morphology in Four Species of Eurydema Laporte, 1833 (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) from Turkey: A Scanning Electron Microscope Study. J Entomol Zool Stud 2(3):206-213.
  • Candan S, Erbey M, Özyurt N, Suludere Z 2014. Spermathecae Morphology in Four Species of Eurydema Laporte, 1833 (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) from Turkey: A Scanning Electron Microscope Study. J Entomol Zool Stud 2(3):206-213.
  • Candan S 1997. External Morphology of Eggs of Some Pentatomidae (Heteroptera: Insecta). University of Gazi, Phd Thesis, Turkey, 223 p.
  • Candan S, Suludere Z, Acikgoz F 2005. Chorion Morphology of Eggs of the North American stink bug Euschistus variolarius (Palisot de Beauvois, 1817) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae): A Scanning Electron Microscopy Study. Entomol News 116(3):177-182.
  • Candan S, Suludere Z, Erbey 2007. Morphology of Eggs and Spermatheca of Odontotarsus purpureolineatus (Heteroptera, Scutelleridae). Biologia 62(6): 763-769.
  • Candan S, Suludere Z, Kiyak S 2001. External Morphology of Eggs of Codophila varia (Fabricius, 1787) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). J Entomol Res Soc 3(1-2): 33-39.
  • Candan S, Yilmaz FS, Suludere Z, Erbey M 2015. Morphology of spermathecae of some pentatomids (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) from Turkey. Zootaxa 3937(3):500-516.
  • Cobben RH 1968. Evolutionary Trends in Heteroptera. Part 1. Eggs, Architecture of the Shell, Gross Embryology and Eclosion. Centre for Agricultural Publishing and Documentation, Wageningen, the Netherlands 475 p.
  • Dupuis C 1955. Les génitalia des Hémiptères Hétéroptères (génitalia externes des deux sexes; voies ectodermiques femelles.): Revue de la morphologie. Lexique de la nomenclature. Index bibliographique analytique. Mém Mus Hist Nat Paris 6:183-278.
  • Dupuis C 1970. Heteroptera. (Taxonomist’s Glossary of Genitalia in InsectsMunksgaard International Booksellers and Publishers, Copenhagen, . Ed. Tuxen SL) 190-209.
  • Esselbaugh CO 1946. A Study of the Eggs of the Pentatomidae (Hemiptera). Ann Entomol Soc Am 39(4):667-691. Gaffour-Bensebbane C 1994. Les Variations Morphologiques de L’appareil Genital Ectodermique des Femelles de Scutelleridae (Heteroptera, Pentatomoidea). Nouv Rev Entomol 11:267-281.
  • Gaffour-Bensebbane C 1991. Morphologie des Voies Genitales Ectodermiques des Femelles d’Eurygaster austriaca (Schrank, 1776) [Het.: Scutulleridae]. Bull Soc Entomol Fr, 95(7-8):209-227.
  • Hinton HE 1981. Biology of Insect Eggs. Vols. I-III., Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1125 p.
  • Izhar Y, Wysoki M, Swirski E, Amitai S 1990. The Variegated Caper Bug, Stenozygum coloratum (Klug) (Rhynchota: Pentatomidae), and Its Damage to avocado and persimmon. Hassadeh, 70:1244-1245.
  • Javahery M 1994. Development of Eggs in Some True Bugs (Hemiptera–Heteroptera). Part I. Pentatomoidea. Can Entomol 126(2):401-433.
  • Kim HR, Lee CE 1994. Morphological Studies on the spermathecae of Korean Podopinae and Asopinae (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). Korean J Appl Entomol 24:217-223.
  • Kocorek A, Danielczok-Demska T 2002. Comparative Morphology of the Spermatheca within the Family Dinidoridae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera). Eur J Entomol 99:91-98.
  • Kumar R 1965. Contributions to the Morphology and Relationships of Pentatomoidea (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) Part I. Scutelleridae. Aust J Entomol 4(1):41-55.
  • Kumar V, Morrison MN, Babu AM, Thiagarajan V 2002. Egg Shell Architecture of the Stink Bug, Eocanthecona furcellata (Wolff.): Ultrastructure of Micropylar Processes and Egg Burster. Insect Sci Appl 22(1):67-74.
  • Lambdin PL, Lu GQ 1984. External Morphology of Eggs of the Spined Soldier Bug, Podisus maculiventris (Say) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Proc Entomol Soc Wash 86 (2):374-377.
  • Margaritis LH 1985. Structure and Physiology of the Eggshell. (Comprehensive Insect Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Pergamon Press, Oxford, Eds. Kerkut GA, Gilbert LI 153-230).
  • McDonald FJD 1966. The Genitalia of North American Pentatomoidea (Hemiptera: Heteroptera). Quaest Entomol 2:7-150.
  • Mohan D 1988. Host Plant Relationships with Reference to the Biology of Fern Infesting Pentatomid, Coptosoma siamicum Walker, with Notes on the Fine Architecture of the Egg. J Entomol Res 12(1):149-153.
  • Pascini TV, Martins,GF 2017. The Insect Spermatheca: an Overview. Zool 121:56-71.
  • Pendergrast JG 1957. Studies on the Reproductive Organs of the Heteroptera with a Consideration of Their Bearing on Classification. Trans R Entomol Soc Lond 109(1):1-63.
  • Pluot-Sigwalt D, Lis JA 2008.Morphology of the Spermatheca in the Cydnidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera): Bearing of its Diversity on Classification and Phylogeny. Eur J Entomol 105(2):279-312.
  • Puchkova LV 1959. Eggs of the true bugs (Hemiptera-Heteroptera). I. V. Pentatomoidea, I. Ent Obozr 38(3):634-48. Puchkova LV 1961. The eggs of Hemiptera-Heteroptera VI. Pentatomoidea, 2, Pentatomidae and Plataspidae. Entomol Obozr 40:131-143.
  • Puchkova LV 1966.The Morphology and Biology of the Eggs of the Terrestrial Bugs (Hemiptera). Horae Soc Entomol Ross 51:75-132.
  • Salkeld EH 1983. Catalogue of the Eggs of Some Canadian Geometridae (Lepidoptera), with Comments. Mem Entomol Soc Can 126:3-271.
  • Scudder GGE 1959. The Female Genitalia of the Heteroptera: Morphology and Bearing on Classification. Trans R Entomol Soc Lond 111(14):405-467.
  • Southwood TRE 1956. The Structure of the Eggs of the Terrestrial Heteroptera and its Relationship to the Classifi Cation of the Group. Trans R Entomol Soc Lond 108(6):163-221.
  • Suludere Z, Candan S, Kalender Y 1999. Chorionic Sculpturing in Eggs of Six Species of Eurydema (Heteroptera, Pentatomidae): A Scanning Electron Microscope Investigation. J Entomol Res Soc 1(2):27-56.
  • Wolf KW, Reid W 2003. The Wart-Like Chorion of Edessa bifida (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). J Submicr Cytol Pathol 35(4):469-473.

Stenozygum coloratum (Klug, 1845) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae)’un Spermateka ve Yumurta Morfolojisi

Year 2021, Volume: 24 Issue: 6, 1290 - 1299, 31.12.2021

Selami Candan , Mustafa Güllü , Nurcan Özyurt Koçakoğlu

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.858454

Abstract

Stenozygum coloratum'un (Klug, 1845) spermatheka ve yumurta morfolojisi ışık ve taramalı elektron mikroskobu ile incelenmiş ve dış morfolojileri ayrıntılı olarak karakterize edilmiştir (yumurta koryon yüzeyi, operkulum ve aero-mikropilleri ve spermateka morfolojisi). Yumurtalar fıçı şeklindedir, operkulum yuvarlaktır ve açılma hattı taramalı elektron mikroskobu fotoğrafında kolaylıkla ayırt edilebilir. Yumurta kümesi genellikle 12 yumurtadan oluşmaktadır. Yumurta koryonunun kalın olması nedeniyle embriyonik gelişim dışarıdan görünmemektedir. S. coloratum yumurtaları genellikle iki sıra halinde Capparis spinosa (Capparacea) bitkilerine yapıştırılır. Yumurta kırıcısı oldukça sklerotize, kalın ve T şeklindedir. Yumurta kırıcısı, açılan yumurtada açıkça görülmektedir. Yumurta kırıcısı, açılan yumurtanın iç yan yüzeyinde kalır. Belirgin operkulum, açılma hattı çevresinde tüberküllerin arasında bulunan 18-20 kısa boru şeklindeki mikropil çıkıntılarının halkası ile kesişir. S. coloratum'da, spermateka, yarı oblong bir spermateka haznesi, spermatekal kanal, pompalama bölgesi, spermatekal kanalın dilasyonu, distal ve proksimal kanallara sahiptir. Pompalama bölgesi distal ve proksimal yakalara sahiptir. Balon benzeri medyan spermatekal dilasyon sklerotize çubuğa sahiptir ve o distal ve uc kısımda daralmıştır. Spermatekal kanalın proksimal bölgesi vajina açıklığına yakındır. İki V şeklindeki sklerit ve iki halka sklerit, spermatekaya açılan genital oda (vajina) duvarında yer almaktadır. Böceklerde yumurta ve spermateka yapıları türden türe farklılık göstermektedir. Bu çalışmada daha önce çalışılmamış olan bu türün spermateka ve yumurta yapıları detaylı olarak incelenmiş, sistematik ve taksonomik çalışmalara katkı sağlanması amaçlanmıştır.

Keywords

Yumurta kabuğu Yumurta Kırıcısı Mikropil Spermateka S. coloratum

References

  • Bundy CS, McPherson RM 2000. Morphological Examination of Stink Bug (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) Eggs on Cotton and Soybeans, with a Key to Genera. Ann Entomol Soc Am 93(3): 616-624.
  • Candan S, Suludere Z 2001. Chorionic Structure of Eggs with Parasites and Normal of Rhaphigaster nebulosa (Poda, 1761) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). Türk Entomol Derg 25(1): 41-48.
  • Candan S, Suludere Z 1999. Chorionic Structure of Graphosoma lineatum (Linnaeus, 1758) (Heteroptera, Pentatomidae). J Entomol Res Soc 1(3): 1-7.
  • Candan S 1999a. Ancyrosoma leucogrammes (Gmelin) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) Yumurtalarının Dış Morfolojisi, GÜ Fen Bil Enst Derg 12(4): 933-941.
  • Candan S 1998a. External Morphology of Eggs of Palomena prasina (L.) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). J Inst of Sci and Tech Gazi Univ 11(4):791-800.
  • Candan S 1998b. External Morphology of Eggs of Piezodorus lituratus (F.) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). Turk Entomol Derg 22(4):307-313.
  • Candan S 1999b. Graphosoma semipunctatum (F.) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) Yumurtalarının Dış Morfolojisi. GÜ Fen Bil Enst Derg 12(3):769-778.
  • Candan S, Erbey M, Özyurt N, Suludere Z 2014. Spermathecae Morphology in Four Species of Eurydema Laporte, 1833 (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) from Turkey: A Scanning Electron Microscope Study. J Entomol Zool Stud 2(3):206-213.
  • Candan S, Erbey M, Özyurt N, Suludere Z 2014. Spermathecae Morphology in Four Species of Eurydema Laporte, 1833 (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) from Turkey: A Scanning Electron Microscope Study. J Entomol Zool Stud 2(3):206-213.
  • Candan S 1997. External Morphology of Eggs of Some Pentatomidae (Heteroptera: Insecta). University of Gazi, Phd Thesis, Turkey, 223 p.
  • Candan S, Suludere Z, Acikgoz F 2005. Chorion Morphology of Eggs of the North American stink bug Euschistus variolarius (Palisot de Beauvois, 1817) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae): A Scanning Electron Microscopy Study. Entomol News 116(3):177-182.
  • Candan S, Suludere Z, Erbey 2007. Morphology of Eggs and Spermatheca of Odontotarsus purpureolineatus (Heteroptera, Scutelleridae). Biologia 62(6): 763-769.
  • Candan S, Suludere Z, Kiyak S 2001. External Morphology of Eggs of Codophila varia (Fabricius, 1787) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). J Entomol Res Soc 3(1-2): 33-39.
  • Candan S, Yilmaz FS, Suludere Z, Erbey M 2015. Morphology of spermathecae of some pentatomids (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) from Turkey. Zootaxa 3937(3):500-516.
  • Cobben RH 1968. Evolutionary Trends in Heteroptera. Part 1. Eggs, Architecture of the Shell, Gross Embryology and Eclosion. Centre for Agricultural Publishing and Documentation, Wageningen, the Netherlands 475 p.
  • Dupuis C 1955. Les génitalia des Hémiptères Hétéroptères (génitalia externes des deux sexes; voies ectodermiques femelles.): Revue de la morphologie. Lexique de la nomenclature. Index bibliographique analytique. Mém Mus Hist Nat Paris 6:183-278.
  • Dupuis C 1970. Heteroptera. (Taxonomist’s Glossary of Genitalia in InsectsMunksgaard International Booksellers and Publishers, Copenhagen, . Ed. Tuxen SL) 190-209.
  • Esselbaugh CO 1946. A Study of the Eggs of the Pentatomidae (Hemiptera). Ann Entomol Soc Am 39(4):667-691. Gaffour-Bensebbane C 1994. Les Variations Morphologiques de L’appareil Genital Ectodermique des Femelles de Scutelleridae (Heteroptera, Pentatomoidea). Nouv Rev Entomol 11:267-281.
  • Gaffour-Bensebbane C 1991. Morphologie des Voies Genitales Ectodermiques des Femelles d’Eurygaster austriaca (Schrank, 1776) [Het.: Scutulleridae]. Bull Soc Entomol Fr, 95(7-8):209-227.
  • Hinton HE 1981. Biology of Insect Eggs. Vols. I-III., Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1125 p.
  • Izhar Y, Wysoki M, Swirski E, Amitai S 1990. The Variegated Caper Bug, Stenozygum coloratum (Klug) (Rhynchota: Pentatomidae), and Its Damage to avocado and persimmon. Hassadeh, 70:1244-1245.
  • Javahery M 1994. Development of Eggs in Some True Bugs (Hemiptera–Heteroptera). Part I. Pentatomoidea. Can Entomol 126(2):401-433.
  • Kim HR, Lee CE 1994. Morphological Studies on the spermathecae of Korean Podopinae and Asopinae (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). Korean J Appl Entomol 24:217-223.
  • Kocorek A, Danielczok-Demska T 2002. Comparative Morphology of the Spermatheca within the Family Dinidoridae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera). Eur J Entomol 99:91-98.
  • Kumar R 1965. Contributions to the Morphology and Relationships of Pentatomoidea (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) Part I. Scutelleridae. Aust J Entomol 4(1):41-55.
  • Kumar V, Morrison MN, Babu AM, Thiagarajan V 2002. Egg Shell Architecture of the Stink Bug, Eocanthecona furcellata (Wolff.): Ultrastructure of Micropylar Processes and Egg Burster. Insect Sci Appl 22(1):67-74.
  • Lambdin PL, Lu GQ 1984. External Morphology of Eggs of the Spined Soldier Bug, Podisus maculiventris (Say) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Proc Entomol Soc Wash 86 (2):374-377.
  • Margaritis LH 1985. Structure and Physiology of the Eggshell. (Comprehensive Insect Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Pergamon Press, Oxford, Eds. Kerkut GA, Gilbert LI 153-230).
  • McDonald FJD 1966. The Genitalia of North American Pentatomoidea (Hemiptera: Heteroptera). Quaest Entomol 2:7-150.
  • Mohan D 1988. Host Plant Relationships with Reference to the Biology of Fern Infesting Pentatomid, Coptosoma siamicum Walker, with Notes on the Fine Architecture of the Egg. J Entomol Res 12(1):149-153.
  • Pascini TV, Martins,GF 2017. The Insect Spermatheca: an Overview. Zool 121:56-71.
  • Pendergrast JG 1957. Studies on the Reproductive Organs of the Heteroptera with a Consideration of Their Bearing on Classification. Trans R Entomol Soc Lond 109(1):1-63.
  • Pluot-Sigwalt D, Lis JA 2008.Morphology of the Spermatheca in the Cydnidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera): Bearing of its Diversity on Classification and Phylogeny. Eur J Entomol 105(2):279-312.
  • Puchkova LV 1959. Eggs of the true bugs (Hemiptera-Heteroptera). I. V. Pentatomoidea, I. Ent Obozr 38(3):634-48. Puchkova LV 1961. The eggs of Hemiptera-Heteroptera VI. Pentatomoidea, 2, Pentatomidae and Plataspidae. Entomol Obozr 40:131-143.
  • Puchkova LV 1966.The Morphology and Biology of the Eggs of the Terrestrial Bugs (Hemiptera). Horae Soc Entomol Ross 51:75-132.
  • Salkeld EH 1983. Catalogue of the Eggs of Some Canadian Geometridae (Lepidoptera), with Comments. Mem Entomol Soc Can 126:3-271.
  • Scudder GGE 1959. The Female Genitalia of the Heteroptera: Morphology and Bearing on Classification. Trans R Entomol Soc Lond 111(14):405-467.
  • Southwood TRE 1956. The Structure of the Eggs of the Terrestrial Heteroptera and its Relationship to the Classifi Cation of the Group. Trans R Entomol Soc Lond 108(6):163-221.
  • Suludere Z, Candan S, Kalender Y 1999. Chorionic Sculpturing in Eggs of Six Species of Eurydema (Heteroptera, Pentatomidae): A Scanning Electron Microscope Investigation. J Entomol Res Soc 1(2):27-56.
  • Wolf KW, Reid W 2003. The Wart-Like Chorion of Edessa bifida (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). J Submicr Cytol Pathol 35(4):469-473.
There are 40 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Structural Biology
Journal Section RESEARCH ARTICLE
Authors

Selami Candan 0000-0002-7402-1360

Mustafa Güllü 0000-0002-4133-6534

Nurcan Özyurt Koçakoğlu 0000-0001-7137-8631

Publication Date December 31, 2021
Submission Date January 11, 2021
Acceptance Date March 18, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021Volume: 24 Issue: 6

Cite

APA Candan, S., Güllü, M., & Özyurt Koçakoğlu, N. (2021). Morphology of Spermathecae and Eggs of Stenozygum coloratum (Klug, 1845) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım Ve Doğa Dergisi, 24(6), 1290-1299. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.858454
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