Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

An Investigation into The Frequency and Causes of Fleas in Goat Farms

Year 2023, Volume: 26 Issue: 4, 927 - 937, 31.08.2023

Turgay Taşkın Çağrı Kandemir Nedim Koşum Cemal Un Hüseyin Can Sedef Erkunt Alak Ahmet Köseoğlu

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1208414

Abstract

The objectives of the study are to determine the flea density in goat farms in the Bornova district of the province of Izmir, investigate the reasons, and develop remedies. This study is a situation determination to determine the flea problem in extensive goat farms. The research sample, which was carefully selected from the agricultural and livestock records kept by the Bornova District Directorate, consisted of 39 goat farms. According to research, 84.61% of sheep and goat farms experience flea problems, and 94.87% of those farms lose animals as a result of flea infestations. 33.33% of the body colours of animals with fleas are black. The most frequently infested animals by fleas were goats (28.21%) and young animals (33.33%). The main symptoms of a flea infestation are itching and hair loss (17.95% and 20.51%). Removing manure from the barn was the most widely used flea management technique (38.46%), followed by using pesticides (17.95%). Cats or dogs were reported to have flea issues in 89.74% of the farms. As a result, if flock management activities including hygiene and sanitation, animal welfare, and health-protection techniques are done well, the damage caused by ectoparasites will be reduced. To prevent potential financial losses in the flock, it is recommended to emphasise to goat producers the importance of flea infestations and to apply appropriate flea control methods.

Keywords

Flea prevalence Flea damage Goat farms Flea symptoms İzmir province

Supporting Institution

Ege University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit

Project Number

Project Number: FGA-2019-20278

Thanks

This study was supported by a project given by the Ege University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit (Project number: FGA-2019-20278).

References

  • Abdullahi, U.S., Egbo, M.I. & Musau, B.S. (2000). A survey of ectoparasites and ectoparasitic condition of small ruminants in Bauchi metropolis and its environs. Proceedings of the 25th Annual Conference of Nigerian Society for Animal Production, Michael Okpara University, Umudike, 19 (2), 280 - 281.
  • Ajith, Y., Dimri, U., Gopalakrishnan, A. & Devi, G.G. (2017). A study on prevalence and factors associated with ectoparasites in goats of two agro-climatic regions in India. Journal of Parasite Disease, 41(3), 739–746.
  • Akgül, G., Bilen, K.E., Bilen, Ün, C., Kandemir, Ç. & Taşkın, T. (2019). A Study on the problem of flea and struggle methods in small ruminants: The Case of Sirvan District in Siirt Province. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 56 (2), 195-204.
  • Ashwini, M.S., Puttalakshmamma, G.C., Mamatha, G.S., Ojha, R., Chandranaik B.M., Thimmareddy, P.M., Placid, E.D., Jalali, S.K. & Venkatshan, T. (2017). Studies on the morphology and molecular characterization of oriental cat flea infesting small ruminants by barcoding. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, 5(4), 301–305.
  • Dahm, J.R., Burdon Bailey, J.L.,Kelly, R., Chikungwa, P, Chulu, J, Costa Junior, L, Freemen, E.J., Meyer, D., Mazari, S. & Sargison, N. (2021). Risk factors associated with Ctenocephalides felis flea infestation of preurban goats: a neglected parasite in an under-appreciated host. Tropical Animal Health and Production, https://doi.org/10.1007/ s11250-021-02620-7.
  • Davis, S., Makundi, R.H., Machang’u, R.S. & Leirs, H. (2006). Demographic and Spatial-temporal variation in the human plague at a persistent focus in Tanzania. Acta Tropical, 100(1-2), 133–41.
  • Deri, E., Günden, C., Ünal, H.B. & Taşkın, T. (2021). İzmir İli kırsalındaki hayvancılığın çok boyutlu ölçekleme (MDS) ile analizi:Bornova İlçesi örneği. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi, Dergisi, 59 (2), 375-384.
  • Ertuğrul, M., Savaş, T., Dellal, G., Taşkın, T., Koyuncu, M., Cengiz, F., Dağ, B., Koncagül, S. & Pehlivan, E. (2010). Türkiye küçükbaş hayvancılığının iyileştirilmesi. Türkiye Ziraat Mühendisliği VII. Teknik Kongresi Bildiriler, 11-15 Ocak s: 667-685, Ankara.
  • Fagbemi, B.O. (1982). Effect of Ctenocephalides felis and Strongyles infestation on the performance of West African Dwarf goats and sheep. Veterinary Quality, 4, 92 – 95.
  • Feyisa, T.T. (2021). Abundances of ectoparasite of sheep around West Shoa Zone Gindeberet Woreda. Journal of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, 4(2), 1092.
  • Gracia, M.J., Calvete, C., Estrada, R., Castillo, J.A., Peribanez, M.A. & Lucientes, L. (2012). Survey of flea in cats in Spain. Medical and Veterinary Entomology, 27, 175-180.
  • Halos, L., Beugnet, F., Cardoso, L., Farkas, R., Franc, M., Guillot, J., Pfister, K. & Wall, R. (2014). Flea control failure? Myths and realities. Trends Parasitology, 30, 228–233.
  • Hassan, M.M., Hoque, M.A., Islam, S.K.M.A., Khan, S.A., Roy, K. & Banu, Q. (2011). A prevalence of parasites in black Bengal goats in Chittagong Bangladesh. International Journal of Livestock Production. 2(4), 40–44.
  • Hastriter, M.W. & Bossard, R.L. (2018). Lewis flea (Siphonaptera) world species List. (spreadsheet). Available from:http://esanetworks.org/group/ fleanews/ page/flea-species-ofthe-world-spread sheet-updated-3-february-2018 (accessed 14 March 2018).
  • Hatami, Z., Laven, R.A., Jafari-Gh., S., Moazez-Lesko, M., Soleimani, P., Jafari-Gh, A., Eila, N., Yadi, J. & Sinafar, M. (2022). factors affecting the perception and practice of Iranian Nomadic and Semi-Nomadic pastoralists regarding biosecurity practices in sheep and goat farms: A Cross-Sectional and Prospective Stud. https://doi.org/10.3390/ ruminants 2010003Ruminants, 2, 54–73..
  • Hoskins, I.D. & Cupp E.W. (1991). Ticks and veterinary importance part I. The Ixodidae family, identification, behaviour and associated disease, Compendium of Continuing Education in Dentistry, ESUC, 2, 16-37.
  • Joseph, S.A. (1981). Studies on the bionomics of Ctenocephalides felis Orientis. Cheriton, 10(6), 275-280.
  • Kandemir, Ç., Alkan, İ., Yılmaz, H.İ., Ünal, H.B., Taşkın, T., Koşum, N. & Alçiçek, A. (2015). General situation and development opportunities to the geographical locations of small ruminant farms in the Izmir Region. Journal of Animal Production, 56(1), 1-17.
  • Kandemir, Ç., Taşkın, T., Koşum, N. & Ün, C. (2019). Keçi ve koyun yetiştiriciliğinde pirenin önemi ve mücadele şekilleri. Journal of Animal Production, 60 (1), 75-88.
  • Kebede, B., Moti, W., Getachew T., Gutu, K., Fekadu B., Dagne, G., Dinkinash, J.,Yimer, M., Mammedamin, I., Tsegaye, W/Silasse., Garoma, G., Alemnesh, H. & Mesfn, A. (2021). Evaluation of the effectiveness of diazinon for the control of ectoparasites in small ruminants in selected districts of West Shoa, Ethiopia, Journal of Veterinary Medicine and Research, 8(2), 1212.
  • Koyuncu, E., Pala, A. Savaş, T., Konyalı, A., Ataşoğlu C., Daş, G.İ., Ersoy, E., Uğur, F., Yurtman, İ.Y. & Yurt, H.H. (2006). Technical Analysis of the enterprises registered with the Çanakkale Sheep and Goat Association. Hayvansal Üretim 47(1), 21-27.
  • Köseoğlu, A.E., Can, H., Güvendi, M., Erkunt Alak, S., Kandemir, Ç., Taşkın, T., Demir, S., Akgül, G., Değirmenci Döşkaya, A., Karakavuk, M., Döşkaya, M., Gürüz, A.Y. & Ün, C. (2021). Molecular investigation of bacterial and protozoal pathogens in ticks collected from different hosts in Turkey. Parasites Vectors, 14, 270.
  • Krasnov B.R. (2008). Functional and evolutionary ecology of fleas, a model for ecological parasitology. Cambridge University Press, New York. 593 pp.
  • Kusiluka, L.J.M., Kambarage, D.M., Matthewman, R.W., Daborn, C.J. & Harrison, L.J.S. (1995). Prevalence of ectoparasites of goats in Tanzania. Journal of Applied Animal Research, 7: 69–74.
  • Kusiluka, L. & Kambarage, D. (1996). Diseases of small ruminants: “Common of Sheep and Goats in Sub-Saharan Africa” A Handbook. Scotland.
  • Lappin, M.R. (2018). Update on flea and tick-associated diseases of cats. Veterinary Parasitology, 254, 26-29. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.vetpar. 2018.02.2022.
  • Leahy, E., Bronsvoort, B., Gamble, L., Gibson, A., Aponda, H., Mayer, D., Mazari, S., Shevell, K. & Sargison, N. (2017). Proof of concept of fecal egg nematode counting as a practical means of veterinary engagement with planned livestock health management in a lower-income country. Irish Veterinary Journal, 70, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13620-017-0094-9.
  • Lehman, J. (1993). Ectoparasite: Direct impact on host fitness. Veterinary Parasitology, 9 (1): 8-12.
  • Madeira, N.G., Amarante, A.F.T. & Padovani, C.R. (2000). Diversity of ectoparasites in sheep flocks in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 32, 225-232.
  • Makelesh, T.B. (2010). Survey on ectoparasite of small ruminant in different agroecological zones of Tigray region. DVM Thesis, Hawassa University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hawassa, Ethiopia.
  • Ogbe, P.O. (1998). Factors affecting the presence and spread of ectoparasites in sheep and goats in the Agbowo area of Ibadan. Journal of Animal Production, 5, 23 - 29.
  • Patterson, J.E., Neuhaus, P., Kutz, S.J. & Ruckstuhl, K.E. (2015). Patterns of ectoparasites in North American red squirrels (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus): sex-biases, seasonality, age, and effects on male body condition. International Journal of Parasitol Parasites Wildl. 4(3), 301–306. doi: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2015.05.002.
  • Pegram, R.G., Tatchell, R.J., Castro, J.J., Chizyuka, M.G.B., Greek, M.J., McCusker, P.G., Mora, N.M.C. & Nigrura, G. (2004). Tick control: new concepts. Available at: http://wwwold.caribvet.net/ upload/TickControlNewConceptsWAR2001. pdf.
  • Prelezov, P. & Nizamov, N. (2020). A case of multiple mixed invasions with ectoparasites in goats. Tradition and Modernity in Veterinary Medicine, 5-1(8), 73-78.
  • Risa, Teresa Dida. (2021). Prevalence of major ectoparasites on goats in and around Ambo Town. Acta Parasitologica Globalis 12 (2), 32-40.
  • Rust, M.K. (2016). Insecticide resistance in fleas. Insects 7, 10. https:// doi.org/10.3390/insects 7010010.
  • Rust, K.M. (2017). The biology and ecology of cat fleas and advances in their pest management: a review. Insects, 8, 118. https://doi.org/10. 3390/insects 8040118.
  • Sargison, N.D. (2020). The critical importance of planned small ruminant livestock health and production in addressing global challenges surrounding food production and poverty alleviation. New Zealand Veterinary Journal, 68, 136-144. https://doi.org/10.1080/00480169.2020. 1719373.
  • Sarkar, M., Rahman, S.A., Sarker, B.K., Anisuzzaman, A., Begum, N. & Mondal, M.M.H. (2007). Epidemiology and pathology of ectoparasitic infestations in black Bengal goats in Gaibandha and Mymensingh districts of Bangladesh. Bangladesh Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 8(1), 41–50.
  • Sertse, T. & Wesson, A. (2007). A study on ectoparasite of sheep and goat in the Eastern part of Amhara regions, Northeast Ethiopia. Small Ruminant Research, 69, 62-67.
  • Sezer, S., Kandemir, Ç., Akgül, G., Karakaya Bilen, E., Taşkın, T. & Ün, C. (2021). A preliminary study to identify flea damages at small ruminant farms in Uşak province. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 58 (3), 431-443.
  • Shibeshi, B., Bogale, B. & Chanie, M. (2013). Ectoparasite of Small Ruminants in Guto-Gidda District, East Wollega, Western Ethiopia. APG. 6, 86-91.
  • Silaghi, C., Knaus, M., Rapti, D., Shukullari, E., Pfister, K. & Rehbein, S. (2012). Rickettsia felis and Bartonella spp. in fleas from cats in Albania. Vector Borne Zoonotic Disease, 12 (1):76-77.
  • Sisay, A., Yilkal, A. & Tolossa, H. (2013). Ectoparasites of sheep and goats in North-West Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia. Ethiopian Veterinary Journal, 17(1), 55-67.
  • Soundarajan, C., Nagarajan, K. & Prakash M.A. (2018). Occurrence of flea infestation on goats under stall-fed conditions and its control. Journal of Parasitic Diseases, 42, 444-448. https://doi.org/ 10.1007/s12639-018-1006-
  • SPSS, (2020). Statistical Package for The Social Science: Level M, Ver. 22.0 (SPSS Lev. M.22), Chicago: SPSS
  • Syamsul, VS., Okene, I.A.A., Yahya, S.N.C., Hamdan, R.H., Lee, S.H. & Tan, L.P. (2020). Prevalence of ectoparasites on small ruminants in Kelantan, Malaysia. Tropical Life Sciences Research, 31(1), 45–56.
  • Taşkın, T., Koşum, N., Engindeniz, S., Savran, A.F.,Aktürk, D., Kesenkaş, H., Uzmay, A. & Gökmen, M. (2017). A study on herd management practices of goat farms in İzmir, Canakkale and Balikesir Provinces. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 54(3), 341-349.
  • Tavasoli, M. & Rahbari, S. (1998). Seroepidemiological survey of Babesia ovis in sheep of different geographical regions of Iran. Journal of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 53, 55-59 (in Persian).
  • Taylor, M.A., Coop, R.L. & Wall, R.L. (2007). Veterinary Parasitology. 3rd Edition, Blackwell Publishing, Oxford, 717.
  • Tesfaheywet, Z., & Simeon. H. (2016). Major ectoparasites of small ruminants in Bench Maji Zone, southern Ethiopia. https//www.researchgate. net/ publication/299514479.
  • Tosun, D. & Demirbaş, N. (2012). “Türkiye’de hayvancılık ihtisas organize sanayi bölgelerinin gelişimi ve konunun büyükbaş hayvancılık sektörünün sorunları açısından değerlendirilmesi.” 10. Ulusal Tarım Ekonomisi Kongresi, 5-7 Eylül 2012, Konya, 182-190.
  • Unat, E.K., Yücel, A., Altaş, K. & Samastı, M. (1995). Pireler ve Parazitlikleri. Unat’ın Tıp Parazitolojisi. Doyuran Matbaası, İstanbul, p. 157-164.
  • Ünal, H.B., Deri, E. & Esetlili, M.T. (2020). İzmir-Bornova kırsalındaki hayvancılığın sürdürülebilirliğini geliştirme olanaklarının araştırılması. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 17 (1), 29-35.https://doi.org/ 10.25308/aduziraat.644130.
  • Yacob, H.T. (2013). Ectoparasites: a threat to Ethiopian small ruminant population and tanning industry: a review. Journal of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, 6(1), 25–33. doi: 10.5897/ jvmah2013.0253.
  • Yakhchali, M. & Hosseine, A. (2006). Prevalence and ectoparasites fauna of sheep and goats flocks in Urmia suburb, Iran. Veterinarski Arhiv, 76 (5), 431- 442.
  • Yeruham, I., Rosen, S. & Braverman, Y. (1996). Ctenocephalides felis flea infestation in horses. Veterian Parasitology, 62(3-4), 341-343.
  • Yeruham, I., Rosen, S. & Perl, S. (1997). An Apparent flea-allergy dermatitis in kids and lambs. Zentralbl Veterinarmed, 44(7), 391-397.
  • Yeruham, l., Rosen, S. Hadani, A. & Braverman Y. (1999). Arthropod parasites of Nubian ibexes (Capra ibex nubiana) and gazelles (Gazella gazella) in Israel. Veterinary Parasitolgy, 83, 167-173. PMID: 9360467.
  • Yılmaz, A.B., Denizhan, V. & Göz, Y. (2017). Van İli Erciş ilçesi kıl keçilerinde bulunan bit (mallophaga, anoplura) ve pire (Siphonaptera) türleri. Dicle Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 10(2), 138-143.

Kıl Keçi İşletmelerinde Pire Görülme Sıklığı ve Nedenleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma

Year 2023, Volume: 26 Issue: 4, 927 - 937, 31.08.2023

Turgay Taşkın Çağrı Kandemir Nedim Koşum Cemal Un Hüseyin Can Sedef Erkunt Alak Ahmet Köseoğlu

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1208414

Abstract

Çalışmanın amacı; İzmir ili Bornova ilçesinde keçi yetiştiriciliği yapan işletmelerde pire yoğunluğunun belirlenmesi, nedenlerinin araştırılması ve buna yönelik olarak çözüm yollarının geliştirilmesidir. Araştırma materyalini, Bornova ilçe Tarım ve Hayvancılık Müdürlüğü kayıtlarından gayeli örnekleme yöntemiyle seçilen 39 keçi işletmesi oluşturmuştur. Koyun ve keçi işletmelerinin yüzde 84.61'inde pire sorunu olduğu ve bunların yüzde 94.87'sinin pire kaynaklı hayvan ölümlerine neden olduğu belirlenmiştir. Pire görülen hayvanlarda en çok görülen vücut rengi %33.33 ile siyahtır. Pireler, en çok yavrularda (%33.33) ve ergin hayvanlarda (%28.21) görülmüştür. Pire belirtileri arasında ilk sırada; kaşıntı ve kıl dökülmesidir (%20,5 ve %). Pireyle mücadelede, gübrenin ağıldan uzaklaştırılması (%38.46) ve daha sonra pestisitlerin (%17.95) kullanımı en yaygın uygulama olmuştur. Işletmelerin çoğunda (%89.74) mevcut olan kedi veya köpeklerde de pire sorunu belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak konu pireyle sınırlı kalmayıp kene, bit ve diğer dış parazitlerin görülme sıklığını belirlemekten çok bunların konakçıları üzerindeki doğrudan ya da dolaylı etkilerini saptamaya yönelik de olmalıdır. Özellikle keçi yetiştiricileri açısından pire zararlısının önemi yetiştiricilere iyi anlatılarak olası hayvan ölümleri ya da sürüde oluşacak ekonomik kayıpları en aza indirecek pireyle mücadele yöntemleri mutlaka belirlenmelidir.

Keywords

Pirenin görülme sıklığı İzmir ili Pire zararı Keçi işletmeleri Pire belirtileri

Project Number

Project Number: FGA-2019-20278

References

  • Abdullahi, U.S., Egbo, M.I. & Musau, B.S. (2000). A survey of ectoparasites and ectoparasitic condition of small ruminants in Bauchi metropolis and its environs. Proceedings of the 25th Annual Conference of Nigerian Society for Animal Production, Michael Okpara University, Umudike, 19 (2), 280 - 281.
  • Ajith, Y., Dimri, U., Gopalakrishnan, A. & Devi, G.G. (2017). A study on prevalence and factors associated with ectoparasites in goats of two agro-climatic regions in India. Journal of Parasite Disease, 41(3), 739–746.
  • Akgül, G., Bilen, K.E., Bilen, Ün, C., Kandemir, Ç. & Taşkın, T. (2019). A Study on the problem of flea and struggle methods in small ruminants: The Case of Sirvan District in Siirt Province. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 56 (2), 195-204.
  • Ashwini, M.S., Puttalakshmamma, G.C., Mamatha, G.S., Ojha, R., Chandranaik B.M., Thimmareddy, P.M., Placid, E.D., Jalali, S.K. & Venkatshan, T. (2017). Studies on the morphology and molecular characterization of oriental cat flea infesting small ruminants by barcoding. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, 5(4), 301–305.
  • Dahm, J.R., Burdon Bailey, J.L.,Kelly, R., Chikungwa, P, Chulu, J, Costa Junior, L, Freemen, E.J., Meyer, D., Mazari, S. & Sargison, N. (2021). Risk factors associated with Ctenocephalides felis flea infestation of preurban goats: a neglected parasite in an under-appreciated host. Tropical Animal Health and Production, https://doi.org/10.1007/ s11250-021-02620-7.
  • Davis, S., Makundi, R.H., Machang’u, R.S. & Leirs, H. (2006). Demographic and Spatial-temporal variation in the human plague at a persistent focus in Tanzania. Acta Tropical, 100(1-2), 133–41.
  • Deri, E., Günden, C., Ünal, H.B. & Taşkın, T. (2021). İzmir İli kırsalındaki hayvancılığın çok boyutlu ölçekleme (MDS) ile analizi:Bornova İlçesi örneği. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi, Dergisi, 59 (2), 375-384.
  • Ertuğrul, M., Savaş, T., Dellal, G., Taşkın, T., Koyuncu, M., Cengiz, F., Dağ, B., Koncagül, S. & Pehlivan, E. (2010). Türkiye küçükbaş hayvancılığının iyileştirilmesi. Türkiye Ziraat Mühendisliği VII. Teknik Kongresi Bildiriler, 11-15 Ocak s: 667-685, Ankara.
  • Fagbemi, B.O. (1982). Effect of Ctenocephalides felis and Strongyles infestation on the performance of West African Dwarf goats and sheep. Veterinary Quality, 4, 92 – 95.
  • Feyisa, T.T. (2021). Abundances of ectoparasite of sheep around West Shoa Zone Gindeberet Woreda. Journal of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, 4(2), 1092.
  • Gracia, M.J., Calvete, C., Estrada, R., Castillo, J.A., Peribanez, M.A. & Lucientes, L. (2012). Survey of flea in cats in Spain. Medical and Veterinary Entomology, 27, 175-180.
  • Halos, L., Beugnet, F., Cardoso, L., Farkas, R., Franc, M., Guillot, J., Pfister, K. & Wall, R. (2014). Flea control failure? Myths and realities. Trends Parasitology, 30, 228–233.
  • Hassan, M.M., Hoque, M.A., Islam, S.K.M.A., Khan, S.A., Roy, K. & Banu, Q. (2011). A prevalence of parasites in black Bengal goats in Chittagong Bangladesh. International Journal of Livestock Production. 2(4), 40–44.
  • Hastriter, M.W. & Bossard, R.L. (2018). Lewis flea (Siphonaptera) world species List. (spreadsheet). Available from:http://esanetworks.org/group/ fleanews/ page/flea-species-ofthe-world-spread sheet-updated-3-february-2018 (accessed 14 March 2018).
  • Hatami, Z., Laven, R.A., Jafari-Gh., S., Moazez-Lesko, M., Soleimani, P., Jafari-Gh, A., Eila, N., Yadi, J. & Sinafar, M. (2022). factors affecting the perception and practice of Iranian Nomadic and Semi-Nomadic pastoralists regarding biosecurity practices in sheep and goat farms: A Cross-Sectional and Prospective Stud. https://doi.org/10.3390/ ruminants 2010003Ruminants, 2, 54–73..
  • Hoskins, I.D. & Cupp E.W. (1991). Ticks and veterinary importance part I. The Ixodidae family, identification, behaviour and associated disease, Compendium of Continuing Education in Dentistry, ESUC, 2, 16-37.
  • Joseph, S.A. (1981). Studies on the bionomics of Ctenocephalides felis Orientis. Cheriton, 10(6), 275-280.
  • Kandemir, Ç., Alkan, İ., Yılmaz, H.İ., Ünal, H.B., Taşkın, T., Koşum, N. & Alçiçek, A. (2015). General situation and development opportunities to the geographical locations of small ruminant farms in the Izmir Region. Journal of Animal Production, 56(1), 1-17.
  • Kandemir, Ç., Taşkın, T., Koşum, N. & Ün, C. (2019). Keçi ve koyun yetiştiriciliğinde pirenin önemi ve mücadele şekilleri. Journal of Animal Production, 60 (1), 75-88.
  • Kebede, B., Moti, W., Getachew T., Gutu, K., Fekadu B., Dagne, G., Dinkinash, J.,Yimer, M., Mammedamin, I., Tsegaye, W/Silasse., Garoma, G., Alemnesh, H. & Mesfn, A. (2021). Evaluation of the effectiveness of diazinon for the control of ectoparasites in small ruminants in selected districts of West Shoa, Ethiopia, Journal of Veterinary Medicine and Research, 8(2), 1212.
  • Koyuncu, E., Pala, A. Savaş, T., Konyalı, A., Ataşoğlu C., Daş, G.İ., Ersoy, E., Uğur, F., Yurtman, İ.Y. & Yurt, H.H. (2006). Technical Analysis of the enterprises registered with the Çanakkale Sheep and Goat Association. Hayvansal Üretim 47(1), 21-27.
  • Köseoğlu, A.E., Can, H., Güvendi, M., Erkunt Alak, S., Kandemir, Ç., Taşkın, T., Demir, S., Akgül, G., Değirmenci Döşkaya, A., Karakavuk, M., Döşkaya, M., Gürüz, A.Y. & Ün, C. (2021). Molecular investigation of bacterial and protozoal pathogens in ticks collected from different hosts in Turkey. Parasites Vectors, 14, 270.
  • Krasnov B.R. (2008). Functional and evolutionary ecology of fleas, a model for ecological parasitology. Cambridge University Press, New York. 593 pp.
  • Kusiluka, L.J.M., Kambarage, D.M., Matthewman, R.W., Daborn, C.J. & Harrison, L.J.S. (1995). Prevalence of ectoparasites of goats in Tanzania. Journal of Applied Animal Research, 7: 69–74.
  • Kusiluka, L. & Kambarage, D. (1996). Diseases of small ruminants: “Common of Sheep and Goats in Sub-Saharan Africa” A Handbook. Scotland.
  • Lappin, M.R. (2018). Update on flea and tick-associated diseases of cats. Veterinary Parasitology, 254, 26-29. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.vetpar. 2018.02.2022.
  • Leahy, E., Bronsvoort, B., Gamble, L., Gibson, A., Aponda, H., Mayer, D., Mazari, S., Shevell, K. & Sargison, N. (2017). Proof of concept of fecal egg nematode counting as a practical means of veterinary engagement with planned livestock health management in a lower-income country. Irish Veterinary Journal, 70, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13620-017-0094-9.
  • Lehman, J. (1993). Ectoparasite: Direct impact on host fitness. Veterinary Parasitology, 9 (1): 8-12.
  • Madeira, N.G., Amarante, A.F.T. & Padovani, C.R. (2000). Diversity of ectoparasites in sheep flocks in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 32, 225-232.
  • Makelesh, T.B. (2010). Survey on ectoparasite of small ruminant in different agroecological zones of Tigray region. DVM Thesis, Hawassa University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hawassa, Ethiopia.
  • Ogbe, P.O. (1998). Factors affecting the presence and spread of ectoparasites in sheep and goats in the Agbowo area of Ibadan. Journal of Animal Production, 5, 23 - 29.
  • Patterson, J.E., Neuhaus, P., Kutz, S.J. & Ruckstuhl, K.E. (2015). Patterns of ectoparasites in North American red squirrels (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus): sex-biases, seasonality, age, and effects on male body condition. International Journal of Parasitol Parasites Wildl. 4(3), 301–306. doi: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2015.05.002.
  • Pegram, R.G., Tatchell, R.J., Castro, J.J., Chizyuka, M.G.B., Greek, M.J., McCusker, P.G., Mora, N.M.C. & Nigrura, G. (2004). Tick control: new concepts. Available at: http://wwwold.caribvet.net/ upload/TickControlNewConceptsWAR2001. pdf.
  • Prelezov, P. & Nizamov, N. (2020). A case of multiple mixed invasions with ectoparasites in goats. Tradition and Modernity in Veterinary Medicine, 5-1(8), 73-78.
  • Risa, Teresa Dida. (2021). Prevalence of major ectoparasites on goats in and around Ambo Town. Acta Parasitologica Globalis 12 (2), 32-40.
  • Rust, M.K. (2016). Insecticide resistance in fleas. Insects 7, 10. https:// doi.org/10.3390/insects 7010010.
  • Rust, K.M. (2017). The biology and ecology of cat fleas and advances in their pest management: a review. Insects, 8, 118. https://doi.org/10. 3390/insects 8040118.
  • Sargison, N.D. (2020). The critical importance of planned small ruminant livestock health and production in addressing global challenges surrounding food production and poverty alleviation. New Zealand Veterinary Journal, 68, 136-144. https://doi.org/10.1080/00480169.2020. 1719373.
  • Sarkar, M., Rahman, S.A., Sarker, B.K., Anisuzzaman, A., Begum, N. & Mondal, M.M.H. (2007). Epidemiology and pathology of ectoparasitic infestations in black Bengal goats in Gaibandha and Mymensingh districts of Bangladesh. Bangladesh Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 8(1), 41–50.
  • Sertse, T. & Wesson, A. (2007). A study on ectoparasite of sheep and goat in the Eastern part of Amhara regions, Northeast Ethiopia. Small Ruminant Research, 69, 62-67.
  • Sezer, S., Kandemir, Ç., Akgül, G., Karakaya Bilen, E., Taşkın, T. & Ün, C. (2021). A preliminary study to identify flea damages at small ruminant farms in Uşak province. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 58 (3), 431-443.
  • Shibeshi, B., Bogale, B. & Chanie, M. (2013). Ectoparasite of Small Ruminants in Guto-Gidda District, East Wollega, Western Ethiopia. APG. 6, 86-91.
  • Silaghi, C., Knaus, M., Rapti, D., Shukullari, E., Pfister, K. & Rehbein, S. (2012). Rickettsia felis and Bartonella spp. in fleas from cats in Albania. Vector Borne Zoonotic Disease, 12 (1):76-77.
  • Sisay, A., Yilkal, A. & Tolossa, H. (2013). Ectoparasites of sheep and goats in North-West Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia. Ethiopian Veterinary Journal, 17(1), 55-67.
  • Soundarajan, C., Nagarajan, K. & Prakash M.A. (2018). Occurrence of flea infestation on goats under stall-fed conditions and its control. Journal of Parasitic Diseases, 42, 444-448. https://doi.org/ 10.1007/s12639-018-1006-
  • SPSS, (2020). Statistical Package for The Social Science: Level M, Ver. 22.0 (SPSS Lev. M.22), Chicago: SPSS
  • Syamsul, VS., Okene, I.A.A., Yahya, S.N.C., Hamdan, R.H., Lee, S.H. & Tan, L.P. (2020). Prevalence of ectoparasites on small ruminants in Kelantan, Malaysia. Tropical Life Sciences Research, 31(1), 45–56.
  • Taşkın, T., Koşum, N., Engindeniz, S., Savran, A.F.,Aktürk, D., Kesenkaş, H., Uzmay, A. & Gökmen, M. (2017). A study on herd management practices of goat farms in İzmir, Canakkale and Balikesir Provinces. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 54(3), 341-349.
  • Tavasoli, M. & Rahbari, S. (1998). Seroepidemiological survey of Babesia ovis in sheep of different geographical regions of Iran. Journal of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 53, 55-59 (in Persian).
  • Taylor, M.A., Coop, R.L. & Wall, R.L. (2007). Veterinary Parasitology. 3rd Edition, Blackwell Publishing, Oxford, 717.
  • Tesfaheywet, Z., & Simeon. H. (2016). Major ectoparasites of small ruminants in Bench Maji Zone, southern Ethiopia. https//www.researchgate. net/ publication/299514479.
  • Tosun, D. & Demirbaş, N. (2012). “Türkiye’de hayvancılık ihtisas organize sanayi bölgelerinin gelişimi ve konunun büyükbaş hayvancılık sektörünün sorunları açısından değerlendirilmesi.” 10. Ulusal Tarım Ekonomisi Kongresi, 5-7 Eylül 2012, Konya, 182-190.
  • Unat, E.K., Yücel, A., Altaş, K. & Samastı, M. (1995). Pireler ve Parazitlikleri. Unat’ın Tıp Parazitolojisi. Doyuran Matbaası, İstanbul, p. 157-164.
  • Ünal, H.B., Deri, E. & Esetlili, M.T. (2020). İzmir-Bornova kırsalındaki hayvancılığın sürdürülebilirliğini geliştirme olanaklarının araştırılması. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 17 (1), 29-35.https://doi.org/ 10.25308/aduziraat.644130.
  • Yacob, H.T. (2013). Ectoparasites: a threat to Ethiopian small ruminant population and tanning industry: a review. Journal of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, 6(1), 25–33. doi: 10.5897/ jvmah2013.0253.
  • Yakhchali, M. & Hosseine, A. (2006). Prevalence and ectoparasites fauna of sheep and goats flocks in Urmia suburb, Iran. Veterinarski Arhiv, 76 (5), 431- 442.
  • Yeruham, I., Rosen, S. & Braverman, Y. (1996). Ctenocephalides felis flea infestation in horses. Veterian Parasitology, 62(3-4), 341-343.
  • Yeruham, I., Rosen, S. & Perl, S. (1997). An Apparent flea-allergy dermatitis in kids and lambs. Zentralbl Veterinarmed, 44(7), 391-397.
  • Yeruham, l., Rosen, S. Hadani, A. & Braverman Y. (1999). Arthropod parasites of Nubian ibexes (Capra ibex nubiana) and gazelles (Gazella gazella) in Israel. Veterinary Parasitolgy, 83, 167-173. PMID: 9360467.
  • Yılmaz, A.B., Denizhan, V. & Göz, Y. (2017). Van İli Erciş ilçesi kıl keçilerinde bulunan bit (mallophaga, anoplura) ve pire (Siphonaptera) türleri. Dicle Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 10(2), 138-143.
There are 60 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Agricultural, Veterinary and Food Sciences
Journal Section RESEARCH ARTICLE
Authors

Turgay Taşkın 0000-0001-8528-9760

Çağrı Kandemir 0000-0001-7378-6962

Nedim Koşum 0000-0002-7873-849X

Cemal Un 0000-0002-4248-9671

Hüseyin Can 0000-0001-9633-9786

Sedef Erkunt Alak 0000-0001-8563-1239

Ahmet Köseoğlu 0000-0002-3505-4397

Project Number Project Number: FGA-2019-20278
Early Pub Date May 15, 2023
Publication Date August 31, 2023
Submission Date November 22, 2022
Acceptance Date March 24, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023Volume: 26 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Taşkın, T., Kandemir, Ç., Koşum, N., Un, C., et al. (2023). An Investigation into The Frequency and Causes of Fleas in Goat Farms. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım Ve Doğa Dergisi, 26(4), 927-937. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1208414
 Download Cover Image


International Peer Reviewed Journal
Free submission and publication
Published 6 times a year



88x31.png


KSU Journal of Agriculture and Nature

e-ISSN: 2619-9149