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The Effect of Red Reishi Mushroom (Ganoderma lucidum) Extract on Carbon Tetrachloride Induced Liver Injury and Cyclooxygenase-2 Immunoreactivity

Year 2024, Volume: 27 Issue: 1, 1 - 13, 28.02.2024

Halime Yavuz Gökhan Nur H. Ahmet Deveci İzzettin Güler

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1196713

Abstract

Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) is a xenobiotic compound with toxicological action. It is absorbed by gastrointestinal system, respiratory system, and skin. Studies have reported that many countries have used Ganoderma lucidum (GL, Reishi Mushroom) as a medicinal mushroom against liver diseases induced by hepatotoxic agents such as CCl4 for more than thousands of years and is used for many diseases, including cancer since it has been thought that it increases resistance against them and treats them. In the present study, immunohistochemical localization and expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) by administrating carbon tetrachloride and Ganoderma lucidum in adult rats were examined. In the study, 32 adult Spraque-Dawley male rats that were 8-10 weeks old were used. Rats were divided into 4 groups as control, CCI4, Ganoderma lucidum (GL), and CCI4+GL. As a result of the experimental applications, the liver tissue was found to be normal in the control and GL groups, and multifocal necrosis areas, hepatocellular degeneration, cell infiltration, sinusoidal dilatation, and congestion were observed in the central and portal areas in CCI4 group. In the CCI4+GL group, decreases were observed in lesion severity and density. COX-2 immunoreactivity was detected as more common in hepatocyte cytoplasm in the area from the central vena to the Kiernan space, while it was observed as sporadic in the hepatocyte nucleus. While CCI4 caused a decrease in total antioxidant level (TAS) in blood plasma samples, it caused an increase in total oxidant level (TOS), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels. It is seen that Ganoderma lucidum, which has an important place in alternative and folk medicine, reduces oxidative stress with its hepatoprotective effect and inhibits the inflammatory response in the liver.

Keywords

Carbon tetrachloride Cyclooxygenase-2 Ganoderma lucidum Histopathology Immunohistochemistry

Project Number

IMYO.YLT.19.01

References

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Kırmızı Reishi Mantarı (Ganoderma lucidum) Extratının Karbon Tetraklorür ile İndüklenen Karaciğer Hasarı ve Siklooksijenaz-2 İmmunoreaktivitesi Üzerine Etkisi

Year 2024, Volume: 27 Issue: 1, 1 - 13, 28.02.2024

Halime Yavuz Gökhan Nur H. Ahmet Deveci İzzettin Güler

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1196713

Abstract

Karbon tetraklorür (CCl4) toksik etkiye sahip ksenobiyotik bir bileşiktir. CCI4, gastrointestinal sistem, solunum ve deri tarafından emilir. Yapılan çalışmalarda Ganoderma lucidumun (GL, Reishi Mantarı), CCl4 gibi hepatotoksik ajanların neden olduğu karaciğer hastalıklarına karşı, birçok ülkede binlerce yılı aşkın süredir tıbbi mantar olarak kullanılmakta olduğu ve kansere varıncaya kadar birçok hastalığa karşı direnç arttırdığı ve tedavi ettiği düşünülerek kullanıldığı bildirilmiştir. Çalışmada yetişkin dönemdeki sıçanlara karbon tetraklorür ve Ganoderma lucidum uygulaması yapılarak siklooksijenaz-2 (COX-2)’nin immunohistokimyasal lokalizasyon ve ekspresyonu incelendi. Çalışmada 8-10 haftalık 32 adet yetişkin Spraque-Dawley ırkı erkek sıçan kullanıldı. Sıçanlar; kontrol, CCI4, Ganoderma lucidum (GL), CCI4+GL olmak üzere 4 gruba ayrıldı. Deneysel uygulamalar sonucunda kontrol ve GL grubunda karaciğer dokusu normal, CCI4 grubunda ise sentral ve portal alanda multifokal nekroz alanları, hepatosellüler dejenerasyon, hücre infiltrasyonu, sinuzoidal dilatasyon ve konjesyon gözlendi. CCI4 ile birlikte GL verilen grupta ise lezyon şiddet ve yoğunluğunda azalmalar tespit edildi. COX-2 immunoreaktivitesi; sentral venadan kierman aralığına kadar olan bölgede hepatosit sitoplazmasında daha yaygın olarak saptanırken, hepatosit nükleusunda sporadik olarak tespit edildi. Kan plazma örneklerinde CCI4, Total antioksidan seviyede (TAS) azalmaya yol açarken, Total oksidan seviye (TOS), Aspartat aminotransferaz (AST) ve Alanin aminotransferaz (ALT) düzeylerinde ise artışa sebep olduğu gözlenmiştir. Alternatif ve halk tıbbında önemli yere sahip olan Ganoderma lucidum'un ise oksidatif stresi hepatoprotektif etkisi ile azalttığı, karaciğerdeki enflamatuar yanıtı inhibe ettiği görülmektedir.

Keywords

Karbon tetraklorür Siklooksijenaz-2 Ganoderma lucidum Histopatoloji İmmunohistokimya

Supporting Institution

Gaziantep Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinatörlüğü

Project Number

IMYO.YLT.19.01

References

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  • Abdel-Daim, M.M., Taha, R., Ghazy, E.W., & El-Sayed, Y.S. (2016). Synergistic ameliorative effects of sesame oil and alpha-lipoic acid against subacute diazinon toxicity in rats: hematological, biochemical, and antioxidant studies. Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology, 94(1), 81-8. https://doi.org/10.1139/cjpp-2015-0131
  • Al-Attar, A.M. (2015). Effect of grape seed oil on diazinon-induced physiological and histo-pathological alterations in rats. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 22(3), 284-292. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.sjbs.2014.12.010
  • Atasever, A., Sayar, E., Ekebaş, G., Şentürk, M., & Eren, M. (2020). Ratlarda Karbon Tetraklorür ile Oluşturulan Kronik Karaciğer Hasarı Üzerine Susam Yağının Etkisi ve Kaspaz Aktivitesi ile Hepatik Apoptozisin Belirlenmesi. Journal of Cumhuriyet University Health Sciences Institute, 5(3), 144-160.
  • Atasever, A. & Yaman, D. (2014). The effects of grape seed and colchicine on carbon tetrachloride induced hepatic damage in rats. Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology, 66(8), 361-5. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.etp.2014.04.008
  • Basu, S. (2003). Carbon tetrachloride-induced lipid peroxidation: Eicosanoid formation and their regulation by antioxidant nutrients. Toxicology, 189(1-2), 113-27. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0300-483x(03)00157-4
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  • Dannhardt, G. & Kiefer, W. (2001). Cyclooxygenase inhibitors-current status and future prospects. European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 36(2), 109-126. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0223-5234(01) 01197-7
  • Domitrovica, R., Jakovac, H., & Blagojevi, G. (2011). Hepatoprotective activity of berberine is mediated by inhibition of TNF-α, COX-2, and iNOS expression in CCl4-intoxicated mice. Toxicology, 280(1-2), 33-43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tox.2010. 11.005
  • El-haskoury, R., Al-Waili, N., Kamoun, Z., Makni, M., AlWaili, H., & Lyoussia, B. (2018). Antioxidant activity and protective effect of Carob honey in CCl4-induced kidney and liver injury. Archives of Medical Research, 49(5), 306-313. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.arcmed.2018.09.011
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Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Structural Biology
Journal Section RESEARCH ARTICLE
Authors

Halime Yavuz 0000-0003-1676-2862

Gökhan Nur 0000-0002-5861-8538

H. Ahmet Deveci 0000-0002-3862-1991

İzzettin Güler 0000-0001-6682-7156

Project Number IMYO.YLT.19.01
Early Pub Date October 13, 2023
Publication Date February 28, 2024
Submission Date October 30, 2022
Acceptance Date June 15, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2024Volume: 27 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Yavuz, H., Nur, G., Deveci, H. A., Güler, İ. (2024). The Effect of Red Reishi Mushroom (Ganoderma lucidum) Extract on Carbon Tetrachloride Induced Liver Injury and Cyclooxygenase-2 Immunoreactivity. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım Ve Doğa Dergisi, 27(1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1196713
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