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Elma ağaçlarında ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma mali’ ve ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma prunorum’ teşhisi

Year 2024, Volume: 27 Issue: 5, 1080 - 1086

Harun Meral Muhammet Ekemen Çiğdem Ulubaş Serçe

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1440286

Abstract

Niğde ilindeki eki elma bahçelerinde elma çoklu sürgün hastalığına neden olan 'Candidatus Phytoplasma mali' tespiti için survey yapılmıştır ve şüpheli örnekler PCR-RFLP yöntemiyle test edilmiştir. Dört farklı ilçedeki toplam 19 meyve bahçesinden örneklemeler yapılmıştır. Örnekler, fitoplazma hastalığının başlıca belirtileri olan yaprak kızarması, cadı süpürgesi, yaprak rozetleri, sararma, sapların uzaması ve meyvelerin cılız gelişmesi gibi belirtilere göre toplanmıştır. Toplam 62 bitki örneğinden altısının fitoplazma ile enfekte olduğu belirlendi. Ayrıca, enfekte olmuş altı örnekten ikisinin 'Ca. P. mali' ile enfekte olduğu ve beklenmedik bir şekilde enfekte olmuş altı örnekten dördünün Avrupa Sert Meyve Sarıları hastalığı ile ilişkili 'Ca P prunorum' tarafından enfekte olduğu belirlenmiştir. Hastalığın görülme sıklığı (%9,7) düşük olsa bile, karakterize edilen fitoplazmaların bu lokasyonlar için önemli bir potansiyel tehdit olduğu değerlendirilmiştir.

Keywords

PCR-RFLP Survey Elma çoklu sürgün hastalığı Avrupa sert çekirdekli meyve sarılığı hastalığı Niğde

References

  • Bertaccini, A. & Duduk, B. (2009). Phytoplasma and phytoplasma diseases: a review of recent research. Phytopathologia Mediterranea, 48, 355-378. https://www.jstor.org/stable/26463360
  • Çağlayan, K. (2023). Diversity, distribution, and status of phytoplasmas diseases in Turkiye. In: A.K. Tiwari, K. Çağlayan, A.M. Al-Sadi, M. Azadvar, S. Abeysinghe (Eds) Phytoplasma Diseases in Asian Countries: Diversity, distribution, and current status pp. 249-267. Academic Press.
  • Canik, D. & Ertunç, F. (2007). Distribution and molecular characterization of apple proliferation phytoplasma in Turkiye. Bulletin of Insectology, 60, 335.
  • Canik-Orel, D., Paltrinieri, S., Ertunç, F. & Bertaccini, A. (2019). Molecular diversity of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma’ species in pome and stone fruits in Turkiye. Plant Protection Bulletin, 59, 7-14. https://doi.org/10.16955/bitkorb.508890
  • Cieślińska, M. & Morgaś, H. (2011). Detection and identification of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma pronotum’, ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma mali’and ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma pyri’in stone fruit trees in Poland. Journal of Phytopathology, 159, 217-222. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0434.2010.01752.x
  • Deng, S. & Hiruki, C. (1991). Amplification of 16S rRNA genes from culturable and nonculturable mollicutes. Journal of Microbiological Methods, 14, 53-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-7012(91)90007-D
  • Doyle, J. & Doyle, J. (1990). Isolation of Plant DNA from fresh tissue. Focus, 12, 13-15.
  • Duduk, B. & Bertaccini, A. (2011). Phytoplasma classification: Taxonomy based on 16S ribosomal gene, is it enough? Phytopathogenic Mollicutes, 1, 3-13. https://doi.org/10.5958/j.2249-4669.1.1.001
  • Jarausch, B., Tedeschi, R., Sauvion, N., Gross, J. & Jarausch, W. (2019). Psyllid vectors. In: A. Bertaccini, P. G. Weintraub, G.P. Rao, & N. Mori (Eds) Phytoplasmas: plant pathogenic bacteria—II. Transmission and management of phytoplasma—associated diseases. Springer, Singapore, pp 53–78.
  • Kaya, K., Ulubaş-Serçe, Ç., Gazel, M., Çaglayan, K. & Sauvion, N. (2016). Potential psyllid vectors of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma mali’ and ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma pyri’ in Turkiye. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 53, 383-392. https://doi.org/110.21162/PAKJAS/16.3804
  • Lee, I.M., Bertaccini, A., Vibio, M. & Gunderson, D.E. (1995). Detection of multiple phytoplasmas in perennial fruit trees with decline symptoms in Italy. Phytopathology, 85, 728-735.
  • Lee, I.M., Davis ,R.E., Chen, T.A., Chiykowski, L.N., Fletcher, J., Hiruki, C. & Schaff, D.A. (1992). A genotype-based system for identification and classification of mycoplasma-like organisms (MLOs) in the aster yellow MLO strain cluster. Phytopathology, 82, 977-986.
  • Maejima, K., Oshima, K. & Namba, S. 2014. Exploring the phytoplasmas, plant pathogenic bacteria. Journal of General Plant Pathology, 80, 210-221. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10327-014-0512-8
  • Marcone, C., Ragozzino, A. & Seemüller, E.S. (1996). Association of phytoplasmas with the decline of European hazel in southern Italy. Plant Pathology, 45(5), 857-863. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365- 3059.1996.tb02896.x
  • Mehle, N., Brzin, J., Boben, J., Hren, M., Frank, J., Petrovic, N. & Ravnikar, M. (2007). First report of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma mali’ in Prunus avium, P. armeniaca, and P. domestica. New Disease Reports, 14, 42. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.2007. 01597.x
  • Morca, A. F., Coşkan, S., & Çelık, A. (2021). Burdur ilinde plum pox virus’ un tespiti ve kısmi kılıf protein geninin moleküler karakterizasyonu. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi, 24(4), 805-814.
  • Navratil, M., Valova, P., Fialova, R., Petrova, K., Franova, J., Nebesarova, J. & Karesova, R. (2001). Survey for stone fruit phytoplasmas in the Czech Republic. Acta Horticulturae, 550, 377-382.
  • Oğuz, C. & Karaçayır, H.F. (2009). Türkiye’de Elma Üretimi, Tüketimi, Pazar Yapısı ve Dış Ticareti. Tarım Bilimleri Araştırma Dergisi, 2, 41-49.
  • Öztekin, V., & Buzkan, N. (2012). Prevalance of stone fruit viruses in almond orchard of Kahramanmaras Sütçü Imam University. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi, 15(1), 30-33.
  • Sarı, E. D., & Yıldırım, E. (2021). Gülnar (Mersin) İlçesi elma ağaçlarındaki zararlı ve yararlı Arthropoda türlerinin tespiti ve bazı biyoekolojik gözlemler. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi, 24(6), 1247-1262.
  • Schaper, U. & Seemüller, E. (1984). Recolonization of the stem of apple proliferation and pear decline-diseased trees by the causal organism in spring. Zeitschrift für Pflanzenkrankheiten und Pflanzenschutz, 91, 608-613.
  • Seemüller, E. & Schneider, B. (2004). ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma mali’,‘Candidatus Phytoplasma pyri’ and ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma prunorum’, the causal agents of apple proliferation, pear decline and European stone fruit yellows, respectively. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 54, 1217-1226. https://doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.02823-0
  • Seemüller, E., Kunze, L. & Schaper, U. (1984). Colonization behavior of MLO, and symptom expression of proliferation-diseased apple trees and decline-diseased pear trees over a period of several years. Zeitschrift für Pflanzenkrankheiten und Pflanzenschutz 91, 525-532.
  • Sertkaya, G., Martini, M. & Osler, R. (2008). First report of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma mali’ in Turkiye. Journal of Plant Pathology. 90, 143.
  • Ulubaş-Serçe, Ç., Çağlayan, K., Gazel, M., Kaya, K. (2012). Meyve ağaçlarında fıtoplazmaların neden olduğu hastalıkların yayılmasında psıllıdlerın rolü. Tübitak-TOVAG 109O448 Sonuç Raporu. 122 sayfa.

Detection of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma mali’ and ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma pronotum’ in Apple Trees

Year 2024, Volume: 27 Issue: 5, 1080 - 1086

Harun Meral Muhammet Ekemen Çiğdem Ulubaş Serçe

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1440286

Abstract

The apple orchards in Niğde, Turkiye were surveyed for ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma mali’ associated with apple proliferation disease, and the suspicious samples were tested by PCR-RFLP methods. A comprehensive study was conducted which included sampling from a total of 19 orchards from four different districts. The samples were collected according to the major symptoms of phytoplasma disease which were foliar reddening, witches’ brooms, leaf rosettes, yellowing, longer peduncles and development of undersized fruits. It was determined that six out of 62 plant samples were infected with phytoplasma. Also, two out of six infected samples were determined as infected by ‘Ca. P. mali’ and unexpectedly four out of six infected samples were determined as infected by ‘Ca. P. prunorum’ is associated with European Stone Fruit Yellows disease. Even if the incidence of the disease (9.7%) was low, the characterized phytoplasmas were considered a significant potential threat for these locations.

Keywords

Niğde Apple proliferation European stone fruit yellows PCR-RFLP Survey

References

  • Bertaccini, A. & Duduk, B. (2009). Phytoplasma and phytoplasma diseases: a review of recent research. Phytopathologia Mediterranea, 48, 355-378. https://www.jstor.org/stable/26463360
  • Çağlayan, K. (2023). Diversity, distribution, and status of phytoplasmas diseases in Turkiye. In: A.K. Tiwari, K. Çağlayan, A.M. Al-Sadi, M. Azadvar, S. Abeysinghe (Eds) Phytoplasma Diseases in Asian Countries: Diversity, distribution, and current status pp. 249-267. Academic Press.
  • Canik, D. & Ertunç, F. (2007). Distribution and molecular characterization of apple proliferation phytoplasma in Turkiye. Bulletin of Insectology, 60, 335.
  • Canik-Orel, D., Paltrinieri, S., Ertunç, F. & Bertaccini, A. (2019). Molecular diversity of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma’ species in pome and stone fruits in Turkiye. Plant Protection Bulletin, 59, 7-14. https://doi.org/10.16955/bitkorb.508890
  • Cieślińska, M. & Morgaś, H. (2011). Detection and identification of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma pronotum’, ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma mali’and ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma pyri’in stone fruit trees in Poland. Journal of Phytopathology, 159, 217-222. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0434.2010.01752.x
  • Deng, S. & Hiruki, C. (1991). Amplification of 16S rRNA genes from culturable and nonculturable mollicutes. Journal of Microbiological Methods, 14, 53-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-7012(91)90007-D
  • Doyle, J. & Doyle, J. (1990). Isolation of Plant DNA from fresh tissue. Focus, 12, 13-15.
  • Duduk, B. & Bertaccini, A. (2011). Phytoplasma classification: Taxonomy based on 16S ribosomal gene, is it enough? Phytopathogenic Mollicutes, 1, 3-13. https://doi.org/10.5958/j.2249-4669.1.1.001
  • Jarausch, B., Tedeschi, R., Sauvion, N., Gross, J. & Jarausch, W. (2019). Psyllid vectors. In: A. Bertaccini, P. G. Weintraub, G.P. Rao, & N. Mori (Eds) Phytoplasmas: plant pathogenic bacteria—II. Transmission and management of phytoplasma—associated diseases. Springer, Singapore, pp 53–78.
  • Kaya, K., Ulubaş-Serçe, Ç., Gazel, M., Çaglayan, K. & Sauvion, N. (2016). Potential psyllid vectors of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma mali’ and ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma pyri’ in Turkiye. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 53, 383-392. https://doi.org/110.21162/PAKJAS/16.3804
  • Lee, I.M., Bertaccini, A., Vibio, M. & Gunderson, D.E. (1995). Detection of multiple phytoplasmas in perennial fruit trees with decline symptoms in Italy. Phytopathology, 85, 728-735.
  • Lee, I.M., Davis ,R.E., Chen, T.A., Chiykowski, L.N., Fletcher, J., Hiruki, C. & Schaff, D.A. (1992). A genotype-based system for identification and classification of mycoplasma-like organisms (MLOs) in the aster yellow MLO strain cluster. Phytopathology, 82, 977-986.
  • Maejima, K., Oshima, K. & Namba, S. 2014. Exploring the phytoplasmas, plant pathogenic bacteria. Journal of General Plant Pathology, 80, 210-221. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10327-014-0512-8
  • Marcone, C., Ragozzino, A. & Seemüller, E.S. (1996). Association of phytoplasmas with the decline of European hazel in southern Italy. Plant Pathology, 45(5), 857-863. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365- 3059.1996.tb02896.x
  • Mehle, N., Brzin, J., Boben, J., Hren, M., Frank, J., Petrovic, N. & Ravnikar, M. (2007). First report of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma mali’ in Prunus avium, P. armeniaca, and P. domestica. New Disease Reports, 14, 42. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.2007. 01597.x
  • Morca, A. F., Coşkan, S., & Çelık, A. (2021). Burdur ilinde plum pox virus’ un tespiti ve kısmi kılıf protein geninin moleküler karakterizasyonu. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi, 24(4), 805-814.
  • Navratil, M., Valova, P., Fialova, R., Petrova, K., Franova, J., Nebesarova, J. & Karesova, R. (2001). Survey for stone fruit phytoplasmas in the Czech Republic. Acta Horticulturae, 550, 377-382.
  • Oğuz, C. & Karaçayır, H.F. (2009). Türkiye’de Elma Üretimi, Tüketimi, Pazar Yapısı ve Dış Ticareti. Tarım Bilimleri Araştırma Dergisi, 2, 41-49.
  • Öztekin, V., & Buzkan, N. (2012). Prevalance of stone fruit viruses in almond orchard of Kahramanmaras Sütçü Imam University. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi, 15(1), 30-33.
  • Sarı, E. D., & Yıldırım, E. (2021). Gülnar (Mersin) İlçesi elma ağaçlarındaki zararlı ve yararlı Arthropoda türlerinin tespiti ve bazı biyoekolojik gözlemler. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi, 24(6), 1247-1262.
  • Schaper, U. & Seemüller, E. (1984). Recolonization of the stem of apple proliferation and pear decline-diseased trees by the causal organism in spring. Zeitschrift für Pflanzenkrankheiten und Pflanzenschutz, 91, 608-613.
  • Seemüller, E. & Schneider, B. (2004). ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma mali’,‘Candidatus Phytoplasma pyri’ and ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma prunorum’, the causal agents of apple proliferation, pear decline and European stone fruit yellows, respectively. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 54, 1217-1226. https://doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.02823-0
  • Seemüller, E., Kunze, L. & Schaper, U. (1984). Colonization behavior of MLO, and symptom expression of proliferation-diseased apple trees and decline-diseased pear trees over a period of several years. Zeitschrift für Pflanzenkrankheiten und Pflanzenschutz 91, 525-532.
  • Sertkaya, G., Martini, M. & Osler, R. (2008). First report of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma mali’ in Turkiye. Journal of Plant Pathology. 90, 143.
  • Ulubaş-Serçe, Ç., Çağlayan, K., Gazel, M., Kaya, K. (2012). Meyve ağaçlarında fıtoplazmaların neden olduğu hastalıkların yayılmasında psıllıdlerın rolü. Tübitak-TOVAG 109O448 Sonuç Raporu. 122 sayfa.
There are 25 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Phytopathology
Journal Section RESEARCH ARTICLE
Authors

Harun Meral 0000-0002-2621-6323

Muhammet Ekemen 0000-0003-4011-7302

Çiğdem Ulubaş Serçe 0000-0001-5337-5883

Early Pub Date July 2, 2024
Publication Date
Submission Date February 20, 2024
Acceptance Date April 7, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024Volume: 27 Issue: 5

Cite

APA Meral, H., Ekemen, M., & Ulubaş Serçe, Ç. (2024). Detection of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma mali’ and ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma pronotum’ in Apple Trees. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım Ve Doğa Dergisi, 27(5), 1080-1086. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1440286
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