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Re-examining the Environmental Effects of Cotton Farming

Year 2025, Volume: 28 Issue: 2, 555 - 560, 27.03.2025

Burak Öztornacı

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1599207

Abstract

In recent years, extensive research has focused on the environmental impacts of cotton cultivation, primarily emphasizing its negative effects. However, potential positive environmental contributions remain underexplored. This study investigates the relationship between agricultural fires and cotton cultivation in Turkey from 2012 to 2022, aiming to identify potential environmental benefits of cotton farming. Utilizing national statistics, remote sensing datasets, and a fixed-effects panel data approach, the analysis examines 21 provinces where cotton cultivation is prevalent. The findings reveal that the expansion of cotton cultivation is associated with a significant reduction in stubble burning. These results reveal that this phenomenon should be taken into consideration in future studies on the environmental impacts of cotton farming.

Keywords

Cotton Agricultural Fires Panel Data Türkiye

References

  • Arthur, R. (2022). Sustainable Fashion: Communication Strategy 2021 - 2024. Retrieved from https://wedocs.unep.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.11822/41076/Sustainable_Fashion_Strategy.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y
  • Beckert, S. (2015). Empire of cotton: a global history: Penguin Books.
  • Chataut, G., Bhatta, B., Joshi, D., Subedi, K., & Kafle, K. (2023). Greenhouse gases emission from agricultural soil: A review. Journal of Agriculture and Food Research, 11, 100533. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.jafr.2023.100533
  • Cozim-Melges, F., Ripoll-Bosch, R., Veen, G. F., Oggiano, P., Bianchi, F. J. J. A., van der Putten, W. H., & van Zanten, H. H. E. (2024). Farming practices to enhance biodiversity across biomes: a systematic review. npj Biodiversity, 3(1), 1. doi:10.1038/s44185-023-00034-2
  • Dai, J., & Dong, H. (2014). Intensive cotton farming technologies in China: Achievements, challenges and countermeasures. Field Crops Research, 155, 99-110. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2013.09.017
  • DB. (2024). Climate Change Knowledge Portal. Retrieved from https://climateknowledgeportal.worldbank.org/
  • Demirdöğen, A. (2024). Stubble burning: What determines this fire? Environmental Development, 51, 101029. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envdev.2024.101029
  • Demirdöğen, A., Guldal, H. T., & Sanli, H. (2023). Monoculture, crop rotation policy, and fire. Ecological Economics, 203, 107611. doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2022.107611
  • Demirdöğen, A., Olhan, E., & Chavas, J.-P. (2016). Food vs. fiber: An analysis of agricultural support policy in Turkey. Food Policy, 61, 1-8. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2015.12.013
  • FAO. (2023). The State of Food and Agriculture 2023. Rome, Italy: FAO.
  • FIRMS. (2024). Fire information for resource management system (FIRMS). LANCE: NASA Near Real-Time Data and Imagery. Retrieved from https://www.earthdata.nasa.gov/learn/find-data/near-real-time/firms
  • Huang, W. B., Wu, F. Q., Han, W. R., Li, Q. Q., Han, Y. C., Wang, G. P., . . . Wang, Z. B. (2022). Carbon footprint of cotton production in China: Composition, spatiotemporal changes and driving factors. Science of the Total Environment, 821. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153407
  • Kayişoğlu, Ç., & Türksoy, S. (2023). Tarımda Sürdürülebilirlik ve gıda güvenliği. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 37(1), 289-303.
  • Kranthi, K. R., & Stone, G. D. (2020). Long-term impacts of Bt cotton in India. Nature Plants, 6(3), 188-196. doi:10.1038/s41477-020-0615-5
  • Lv, Q., Chi, B., He, N., Zhang, D., Dai, J., Zhang, Y., & Dong, H. (2023). Cotton-Based Rotation, Intercropping, and Alternate Intercropping Increase Yields by Improving Root–Shoot Relations. Agronomy, 13(2), 413.
  • Mahdei, K. N., Esfahani, S. M. J., Lebailly, P., Dogot, T., Van Passel, S., & Azadi, H. (2023). Environmental impact assessment and efficiency of cotton: the case of Northeast Iran. Environment Development and Sustainability, 25(9), 10301-10321. doi:10.1007/s10668-022-02490-5
  • Maitra, S., Hossain, A., Brestic, M., Skalicky, M., Ondrisik, P., Gitari, H., . . . Sairam, M. (2021). Intercropping—A Low Input Agricultural Strategy for Food and Environmental Security. Agronomy, 11(2), 343.
  • Network, P. A. (2018). Is cotton conquering its chemical addiction? Retrieved from https://issuu.com/pan-uk/docs/cottons_chemical_addiction_-_update?e=28041656/62705601
  • Onat, B., Arioğlu, H., Güllüoğlu, L., Kurt, C., & Bakal, H. (2017). Dünya ve Türkiye’de Yağlı Tohum ve Ham Yağ Üretimine Bir Bakış. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi, 20, 149-153. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksudobil.349197
  • Öztornacı, B. (2024). The relationship between agricultural fires and livestock farming. Heliyon, 10(22), e40455. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e40455
  • Pranay Raja, B. (2022). Biopesticides use on cotton and their harmful effects on human health & environment. International Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Biochemical Technology, 5(1), 005-008. doi:10.29328/journal.ijcmbt.1001025
  • Sommer, J., Zhang, Y., & Shandra, J. (2023). Ecologically unequal exchange, repression, and forest loss: How China's demand for agricultural products impacts the natural environment. Environmental Development, 46, 100866. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envdev.2023.100866
  • Trent, S. (2020). Clothes and climate: Is cotton best? Retrieved from https://ejfoundation.org/news-media/clothes-and-climate-is-cotton-best
  • TUİK. (2024a). Adrese Dayalı Nüfus Kayıt Sistemi. Retrieved from https://data.tuik.gov.tr/ Kategori/GetKategori?p=nufus-ve-demografi-109&dil=1
  • TUİK. (2024b). Bitkisel Üretim İstatistikleri. Retrieved from https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/medas/?kn=92&locale=en Udvardi, M., Brodie, E. L., Riley, W., Kaeppler, S., & Lynch, J. (2015). Impacts of Agricultural Nitrogen on the Environment and Strategies to Reduce these Impacts. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 29, 303. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proenv.2015.07.275
  • Yakupoğlu, T., Dindaroğlu, T., Rodrigo-Comino, J., & Cerdà, A. (2022). Stubble burning and wildfires in Turkey considering the Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations. Eurasian Journal of Soil Science, 11(1), 66-76. doi:10.18393/ejss.993611
  • Zinyemba, C., Archer, E., & Rother, H.-A. (2021). Climate Change, Pesticides and Health: Considering the Risks and Opportunities of Adaptation for Zimbabwean Smallholder Cotton Growers. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(1), 121.

Pamuk Tarımının Çevresel Etkilerinin Yeniden İncelenmesi

Year 2025, Volume: 28 Issue: 2, 555 - 560, 27.03.2025

Burak Öztornacı

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1599207

Abstract

Son yıllarda pamuk yetiştiriciliğinin çevreye verdiği zararlar üzerine pek çok çalışma yapılmıştır ancak pamuk tarımının olası olumlu etkileri açısından bazı boşluklar bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, pamuk tarımının olası olumlu çevresel etkilerini araştırmak amacıyla, 2012-2022 yılları arasında Türkiye'de tarımsal yangınlar ve pamuk yetiştiriciliği arasındaki ilişki analiz edilmektedir. Çalışma kapsamında ulusal istatistikler, uzaktan algılama veri setleri ve sabit etkiler panel veri yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Türkiye’de pamuk tarımı yapılan 21 il için gerçekleştirilen analiz sonucunda, pamuk yetiştiriciliğinin yaygınlaşmasının anız yangınlarını azalttığı sonucuna varılmıştır. Bu sonuç, pamuk tarımının çevresel etkilerine ilişkin gelecekte yapılacak çalışmalarda bu olgunun dikkate alınması gerektiğini ortaya koymaktadır.

Keywords

Pamuk Anız Yangınları Panel Veri Türkiye

References

  • Arthur, R. (2022). Sustainable Fashion: Communication Strategy 2021 - 2024. Retrieved from https://wedocs.unep.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.11822/41076/Sustainable_Fashion_Strategy.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y
  • Beckert, S. (2015). Empire of cotton: a global history: Penguin Books.
  • Chataut, G., Bhatta, B., Joshi, D., Subedi, K., & Kafle, K. (2023). Greenhouse gases emission from agricultural soil: A review. Journal of Agriculture and Food Research, 11, 100533. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.jafr.2023.100533
  • Cozim-Melges, F., Ripoll-Bosch, R., Veen, G. F., Oggiano, P., Bianchi, F. J. J. A., van der Putten, W. H., & van Zanten, H. H. E. (2024). Farming practices to enhance biodiversity across biomes: a systematic review. npj Biodiversity, 3(1), 1. doi:10.1038/s44185-023-00034-2
  • Dai, J., & Dong, H. (2014). Intensive cotton farming technologies in China: Achievements, challenges and countermeasures. Field Crops Research, 155, 99-110. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2013.09.017
  • DB. (2024). Climate Change Knowledge Portal. Retrieved from https://climateknowledgeportal.worldbank.org/
  • Demirdöğen, A. (2024). Stubble burning: What determines this fire? Environmental Development, 51, 101029. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envdev.2024.101029
  • Demirdöğen, A., Guldal, H. T., & Sanli, H. (2023). Monoculture, crop rotation policy, and fire. Ecological Economics, 203, 107611. doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2022.107611
  • Demirdöğen, A., Olhan, E., & Chavas, J.-P. (2016). Food vs. fiber: An analysis of agricultural support policy in Turkey. Food Policy, 61, 1-8. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2015.12.013
  • FAO. (2023). The State of Food and Agriculture 2023. Rome, Italy: FAO.
  • FIRMS. (2024). Fire information for resource management system (FIRMS). LANCE: NASA Near Real-Time Data and Imagery. Retrieved from https://www.earthdata.nasa.gov/learn/find-data/near-real-time/firms
  • Huang, W. B., Wu, F. Q., Han, W. R., Li, Q. Q., Han, Y. C., Wang, G. P., . . . Wang, Z. B. (2022). Carbon footprint of cotton production in China: Composition, spatiotemporal changes and driving factors. Science of the Total Environment, 821. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153407
  • Kayişoğlu, Ç., & Türksoy, S. (2023). Tarımda Sürdürülebilirlik ve gıda güvenliği. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 37(1), 289-303.
  • Kranthi, K. R., & Stone, G. D. (2020). Long-term impacts of Bt cotton in India. Nature Plants, 6(3), 188-196. doi:10.1038/s41477-020-0615-5
  • Lv, Q., Chi, B., He, N., Zhang, D., Dai, J., Zhang, Y., & Dong, H. (2023). Cotton-Based Rotation, Intercropping, and Alternate Intercropping Increase Yields by Improving Root–Shoot Relations. Agronomy, 13(2), 413.
  • Mahdei, K. N., Esfahani, S. M. J., Lebailly, P., Dogot, T., Van Passel, S., & Azadi, H. (2023). Environmental impact assessment and efficiency of cotton: the case of Northeast Iran. Environment Development and Sustainability, 25(9), 10301-10321. doi:10.1007/s10668-022-02490-5
  • Maitra, S., Hossain, A., Brestic, M., Skalicky, M., Ondrisik, P., Gitari, H., . . . Sairam, M. (2021). Intercropping—A Low Input Agricultural Strategy for Food and Environmental Security. Agronomy, 11(2), 343.
  • Network, P. A. (2018). Is cotton conquering its chemical addiction? Retrieved from https://issuu.com/pan-uk/docs/cottons_chemical_addiction_-_update?e=28041656/62705601
  • Onat, B., Arioğlu, H., Güllüoğlu, L., Kurt, C., & Bakal, H. (2017). Dünya ve Türkiye’de Yağlı Tohum ve Ham Yağ Üretimine Bir Bakış. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi, 20, 149-153. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksudobil.349197
  • Öztornacı, B. (2024). The relationship between agricultural fires and livestock farming. Heliyon, 10(22), e40455. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e40455
  • Pranay Raja, B. (2022). Biopesticides use on cotton and their harmful effects on human health & environment. International Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Biochemical Technology, 5(1), 005-008. doi:10.29328/journal.ijcmbt.1001025
  • Sommer, J., Zhang, Y., & Shandra, J. (2023). Ecologically unequal exchange, repression, and forest loss: How China's demand for agricultural products impacts the natural environment. Environmental Development, 46, 100866. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envdev.2023.100866
  • Trent, S. (2020). Clothes and climate: Is cotton best? Retrieved from https://ejfoundation.org/news-media/clothes-and-climate-is-cotton-best
  • TUİK. (2024a). Adrese Dayalı Nüfus Kayıt Sistemi. Retrieved from https://data.tuik.gov.tr/ Kategori/GetKategori?p=nufus-ve-demografi-109&dil=1
  • TUİK. (2024b). Bitkisel Üretim İstatistikleri. Retrieved from https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/medas/?kn=92&locale=en Udvardi, M., Brodie, E. L., Riley, W., Kaeppler, S., & Lynch, J. (2015). Impacts of Agricultural Nitrogen on the Environment and Strategies to Reduce these Impacts. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 29, 303. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proenv.2015.07.275
  • Yakupoğlu, T., Dindaroğlu, T., Rodrigo-Comino, J., & Cerdà, A. (2022). Stubble burning and wildfires in Turkey considering the Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations. Eurasian Journal of Soil Science, 11(1), 66-76. doi:10.18393/ejss.993611
  • Zinyemba, C., Archer, E., & Rother, H.-A. (2021). Climate Change, Pesticides and Health: Considering the Risks and Opportunities of Adaptation for Zimbabwean Smallholder Cotton Growers. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(1), 121.
There are 27 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Agricultural Economics (Other)
Journal Section RESEARCH ARTICLE
Authors

Burak Öztornacı 0000-0001-7675-419X

Early Pub Date March 20, 2025
Publication Date March 27, 2025
Submission Date December 10, 2024
Acceptance Date January 20, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025Volume: 28 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Öztornacı, B. (2025). Pamuk Tarımının Çevresel Etkilerinin Yeniden İncelenmesi. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım Ve Doğa Dergisi, 28(2), 555-560. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1599207
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