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Kuraklık Stresi Şartlarında Mısır Genotiplerinin Morfolojik ve Fizyolojik Özelliklerinin Değerlendirilmesi

Year 2025, Volume: 28 Issue: 6, 1458 - 1470

Nader Azizi , Soudabeh Jahanbakhsh , Salim Farzaneh , Emre Kara , Saeid Heydarzadeh , Mustafa Sürmen

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1618522

Abstract

Bu çalışma, normal koşullar ve kuraklık stresi altında mısır genotiplerinin tepkilerini değerlendirmek ve kuraklığa dayanıklı genotipleri karşılaştırmalı olarak belirlemek amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Deneme, yedi mısır genotipi (KSC201, KSC704, KSC705, KSC706, KSC7158, KSC647, TWC647) ve üç seviyede (0, 2, 4 ve 8 bar) kuraklık stresi ile üç tekrarlamalı olarak tesadüf blokları deneme desenine dayalı faktöriyel düzende yürütülmüştür. Araştırma sonucunda, bitki boyu, toplam kuru madde ve kök kuru ağırlığı bakımından en yüksek değerlerin sırasıyla 33,64 cm, 2,29 ve 0,83 g bitki-1 ile stres uygulanmayan koşullarda KSC7158 genotipinde gözlendiği belirlenmiştir. Şiddetli kuraklık koşulları, klorofil içeriği ile göreli su içeriğinde azalmaya neden olmuştur. KSC7158 genotipi, en yüksek toplam klorofil ve göreli su içeriğine sahip olmuştur. Kuraklık şiddeti 8 bar’a ulaştığında, bitkilerde toplam çözünür şeker ve prolin konsantrasyonu artmıştır. En yüksek prolin içeriği KSC647 genotipinde, en yüksek toplam çözünür şeker ise KSC7158 genotipinde tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca, 8 bar kuraklık stresinde katalaz, askorbat peroksidaz ve polifenol oksidaz enzim aktivitelerinde artış kaydedilmiş; KSC7158 ve KSC706 genotipleri bu enzimler açısından en yüksek aktivite düzeylerini sergilemiştir. KSC7158, KSC706 ve KSC201 hibritleri hem normal hem de şiddetli kuraklık koşullarında üstün büyüme performansı göstermiştir. Özellikle KSC7158 hibriti, incelenen tüm özellikler bakımından şiddetli kuraklık koşullarında en dayanıklı genotip olarak belirlenmiştir.

Keywords

Mısır Kuraklık Stresi Verim Antioksidan Enzim Aktivitesi

References

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  • Kar, M., & Mishra, D. (1976). Catalase, peroxidase, and polyphenoloxidase activities during rice leaf senescence. Plant physiology, 57(2), 315-319. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.57.2.315
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Evaluation of Morphological and Physiological Traits of Maize Genotypes under Drought Stress Conditions

Year 2025, Volume: 28 Issue: 6, 1458 - 1470

Nader Azizi , Soudabeh Jahanbakhsh , Salim Farzaneh , Emre Kara , Saeid Heydarzadeh , Mustafa Sürmen

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1618522

Abstract

The purpose of the research was to determine drought-tolerant genotypes, as well as examine and contrast their responses under normal and severe drought conditions. The investigation was applied in a factorial form based on a Randomised Complete Design (RCD) with seven maize genotypes (KSC201, KSC704, KSC705, KSC706, KSC7158, KSC647, and TWC647) and drought stress at three levels (0, 2, 4, and 8 bar) in three replicates. The study revealed that the most plant height, total dry weight, and root dry weight (33.64, 2.29, and 0.83 g plant-1) were recorded in genotype KSC7158 in no-plants stress, respectively. A severe drought reduced the amount of chlorophyll and relative water content. The cultivar of KSC7158 had the most total chlorophyll and relative water content. The crop's total soluble sugar and proline concentration were increased in 8-bar conditions. The KSC647 genotype had the highest proline content, whereas the KC7158 genotype had the highest total soluble sugar. The reactions of catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and polyphenol oxidase increased in 8-bar conditions, with the genotypes of KSC7158 and KSC706 showing the highest enzyme activity. Furthermore, KSC7158, KSC706, and KSC201 hybrids exhibited superior growth parameters under both normal and severe drought conditions, in comparison to other hybrids. In terms of every trait examined under severe drought, the KSC7158 hybrid was found to be tolerant.

Keywords

Maize Droguht Stress Yield Antioxidant enzyme activity

References

  • Ali, A. E. E., Husselmann, L. H., Tabb, D. L., & Ludidi, N. (2023). Comparative proteomics analysis between maize and sorghum uncovers important proteins and metabolic pathways mediating drought tolerance. Life, 13(1), 170. https://doi.org/10.3390/life13010170
  • Arnon, A. N. (1967). Method of extraction of chlorophyll in the plants. Agronomy journal, 23(1), 112-121. Bates, L. S., Waldren, R. P. A., & Teare, I. D. (1973). Rapid determination of free proline for water-stress studies. Plant and soil, 39, 205-207.
  • Change, B., & Maehly, A. C. (1955). Assay of catalases and peroxidase. Methods Enzymol, 2, 764-775. Çağlar, H., Erekul, O., & Yiğit, A. (2017). Farklı Lokasyonlarda Yetiştirilen Mısır Çeşitlerinin Tane Verimi ve Aminoasit İçeriklerinin Belirlenmesi. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 14(1), 65-70. https://doi.org/10.25308/aduziraat.298235
  • Darwish, M. A., Elkot, A. F., Elfanah, A. M., Selim, A. I., Yassin, M. M., Abomarzoka, E. A., ... & Ali, A. M. (2023). Evaluation of wheat genotypes under water regimes using hyperspectral reflectance and agro-physiological parameters via genotype by yield* trait approaches in Sakha Station, Delta, Egypt. Agriculture, 13(7), 1338. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13071338
  • de Oliveira Neto, S. S., Bossolani, J. W., De Freitas, S. E., Gazola, B., Gonçalves, A. S. F., Zoz, T., & Calonego, J. C. (2023). Impact of glyphosate on morphophysiological traits of RR maize plants under drought stress. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 45(2), 28. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-022-03508-1
  • Dionisio-Sese, M. L., & Tobita, S. (1998). Antioxidant responses of rice seedlings to salinity stress. Plant science, 135(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-9452(98)00025-9
  • Emam, M. A., Sabry, S. A., Ghanem, O. M., & Abd EL-Mageed, A. M. (2023). Evaluating the genetic diversity in maize hybrids under drought conditions using drought indices, SSR markers, and thermal imaging. SVU-International Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 5(1), 27-45. https://doi.org/10.21608/svuijas.2023.190521.1269
  • Gao, J., Zhang, Y., Xu, C., Wang, X., Wang, P., & Huang, S. (2023). Abscisic acid collaborates with lignin and flavonoid to improve pre‐silking drought tolerance by tuning stem elongation and ear development in maize (Zea mays L.). The Plant Journal, 114(2), 437-454. https://doi.org/10.21608/svuijas.2023.190521.1269
  • Gong, M., Bai, N., Wang, P., Su, J., Chang, Q., & Zhang, Q. (2023). Co-inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and dark septate endophytes under drought stress: synergistic or competitive effects on maize growth, photosynthesis, root hydraulic properties and aquaporins?. Plants, 12(14), 2596. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12142596
  • Gopalakrishna K, N., Hugar, R., Rajashekar M, K., Jayant S, B., Talekar, S. C., & Virupaxi P, C. (2023). Simulated drought stress unravels differential response and different mechanisms of drought tolerance in newly developed tropical field corn inbreds. PLoS One, 18(3), e0283528. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0283528
  • Heydarzadeh, S., Arena, C., Vitale, E., Rahimi, A., Mirzapour, M., Nasar, J., ... & Gitari, H. (2023a). Impact of different fertilizer sources under supplemental irrigation and rainfed conditions on eco-physiological responses and yield characteristics of dragon’s head (Lallemantia iberica). Plants, 12(8), 1693. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12081693
  • Heydarzadeh, S., Jalilian, J., Pirzad, A., & Jamei, R. (2023b). Impact of bio-fertilizers under supplementary irrigation and rain-fed conditions on some physiological responses and forage quality of smooth vetch (Vicia dasycarpa L.). Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 29(3), 777-787. https://doi.org/10.15832/ankutbd.1130289
  • Heydarzadeh, S., Jalilian, J., Pirzad, A., Jamei, R., & Petrussa, E. (2022). Fodder value and physiological aspects of rainfed smooth vetch affected by biofertilizers and supplementary irrigation in an agri-silviculture system. Agroforestry Systems, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-021-00695-7
  • Heydarzadeh, S., Tobeh, A., Jahanbakhsh, S., Farzaneh, S., Vitale, E. and Arena, C. 2024. The application of stress modifiers as an eco-friendly approach to alleviate the water scarcity in ajwain (Carum copticum L.) plants. Plants, 13(23), 3354. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13233354
  • Holaday, A. S., Ritchie, S. W., & Nguyen, H. T. (1992). Effects of water deficit on gas-exchange parameters and ribulose 1, 5-bisphosphate carboxylase activation in wheat. Environmental and experimental botany, 32(4), 403-410. https://doi.org/10.1016/0098-8472(92)90053-5
  • Hussain, S., Wang, J., Asad Naseer, M., Saqib, M., Siddiqui, M. H., Ihsan, F., & Ramzan, H. N. (2023). Water stress memory in wheat/maize intercropping regulated photosynthetic and antioxidative responses under rainfed conditions. Scientific Reports, 13(1), 13688. https://doi.org/s41598-023-40644-1
  • Ibrahim, A. E. A., Abd El Mageed, T., Abohamid, Y., Abdallah, H., El-Saadony, M., AbuQamar, S., & Abdou, N. (2022). Exogenously applied proline enhances morph-physiological responses and yield of drought-stressed maize plants grown under different irrigation systems. Frontiers in Plant Science, 13, 897027. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.897027/full
  • Irigoyen, J.J., Einerich, D.W., & Sánchez‐Díaz, M. (1992). Water stress induced changes in concentrations of proline and total soluble sugars in nodulated alfalfa (Medicago sativa) plants. Physiologia plantarum, 84(1), 55-60. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1992.tb08764.x
  • İleri, O., Kara, E., Erkovan, Ş., Sürmen, M., Erkovan, H. İ., & Koç, A. (2022). Silage quality of maize grown at different weed densities. Turkish Journal of Range and Forage Science, 3(2), 36-40. https://doi.org/10.51801/turkjrfs.1092563
  • Kar, M., & Mishra, D. (1976). Catalase, peroxidase, and polyphenoloxidase activities during rice leaf senescence. Plant physiology, 57(2), 315-319. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.57.2.315
  • Kara, E. and Sürmen, M., 2018. Effects of different seed sizes and shapes on forage yield and quality of fodder maize. Scientific papers, Series A. Agronomy, Vol. LXI, No. 1 267-273
  • Kisman, K., Hemon, A. F., Sumarjan, S., & Dewi, S. M. (2023). Physiological response of three large-seeded soybean genotypes under drought and waterlogged stress conditions. In AIP Conference Proceedings (Vol. 2583, No. 1). AIP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0116156
  • Kökten, K., Kaplan, M., & Akçura, M. (2017). Farklı Çevrelerde Yetiştirilen Silajlık Mısır Çeşitlerinin Kuru Ot Verimi İle Bazı Kalite Özellikleri Arasındaki İlişkilerinin Çeşit Özellik Biplot Analizi İle Değerlendirilmesi. KSÜ Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi, 20, 46-51. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksudobil.348902
  • Kumdee, O., Molla, M. S. H., Kanavittaya, K., Romkaew, J., Sarobol, E., & Nakasathien, S. (2023). Morpho-physiological and biochemical responses of maize hybrids under recurrent water stress at early vegetative stage. Agriculture, 13(9), 1795. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13091795
  • Ljubičić, N., Popović, V., Kostić, M., Pajić, M., Buđen, M., Gligorević, K., ... & Crnojević, V. (2023). Multivariate interaction analysis of Zea mays L. genotypes growth productivity in different environmental conditions. Plants, 12(11), 2165. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12112165
  • Mannan, M. A., Begum, F., Al Mamun, M. A., & Habib, M. A. (2023). Evaluation of maize (Zea mays) genotypes for tolerance to drought using yield based tolerance indices. Journal of Agriculture and Crops, 9(3), 329-337. https://doi.org/10.32861/jac.93.329.337
  • Molla, M. S. H., Kumdee, O., Worathongchai, N., Khongchiu, P., Ali, M. A., Anwar, M. M., ... & Nakasathien, S. (2023). Efforts to stimulate morpho-physio-biochemical traits of maize for efficient production under drought stress in tropics field. Agronomy, 13(11), 2673. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13112673
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There are 37 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Pasture-Meadow Forage Plants
Journal Section RESEARCH ARTICLE
Authors

Nader Azizi 0009-0003-2242-3717

Soudabeh Jahanbakhsh 0000-0002-8338-1069

Salim Farzaneh 0000-0003-1695-5592

Emre Kara 0000-0002-5535-8398

Saeid Heydarzadeh 0000-0001-6051-7587

Mustafa Sürmen 0000-0001-9748-618X

Early Pub Date August 14, 2025
Publication Date
Submission Date January 12, 2025
Acceptance Date July 25, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025Volume: 28 Issue: 6

Cite

APA Azizi, N., Jahanbakhsh, S., Farzaneh, S., Kara, E., et al. (2025). Evaluation of Morphological and Physiological Traits of Maize Genotypes under Drought Stress Conditions. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım Ve Doğa Dergisi, 28(6), 1458-1470. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1618522
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