Research Article
Year 2026,
Volume: 29 Issue: 1, 62 - 70
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of gum arabic application on cold storage and shelf life of the ‘Owari Satsuma’ mandarin variety. Gum arabic applied (2%), fruits and control fruits were stored at 5±0.5℃ and 85-90% relative humidity for 60 days and analyzed monthly. The weight loss, total soluble solid (TSS) content, pH value of fruit juice, titratable acid (TA) content, fruit skin color (L*, chroma (C*) and hue (h°) value), juice content, fungal decay, and appearance (1-5) were determined during storage and shelf life. The average weight loss was determined as 5.85% in control samples and 4.55% in samples treated with gum arabic. The C* value of the fruits increased from an average of 54.73 to 71.48. The fungal decay was an average of 13.33% at the end of storage. The average fungal decay was determined as 7.41% in control samples and 4.44% in samples treated with gum arabic. TA content decreased from an average of 1.38% to 1.18%, and the h° value decreased from 102.10 to 77.82. As a result of the study, it was determined that weight losses and fungal decay were less in fruits treated with gum arabic than in control fruits. It was determined that there was no significant difference between control and gum arabic treated fruits in some quality characteristics during storage and shelf life.
References
- Ahlawat, P., Bala, S., & Kumar, J. (2018). Effect of post-harvest treatments of gum arabic, calcium lactate and glycerin on biochemical constituents of kinnow. Crop Research, 53, 154-159.
- Ali, B. H., Ziada, A., & Blunden, G. (2009). Biological effects of gum arabic: a review of some recent research. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 47(1), 1-8.
- Ali, S., Anjum, M. A., Ejaz, S., Hussain, S., Ercisli, S., Saleem, M. S., & Sardar, H. (2021). Carboxymethyl cellulose coating delays chilling injury development and maintains eating quality of ‘Kinnow’mandarin fruits during low temperature storage. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 168, 77-85.
- Ali, S., Khan, A. S., Nawaz, A., Naz, S., Ejaz, S., Shah, A. A., & Haider, M. W. (2023). The combined application of arabic gum coating and γ-aminobutyric acid mitigates chilling injury and maintains eating quality of ‘Kinnow’mandarin fruits. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 236, 123966.
- Anonymous, 2025. https://postharvest.ucdavis.edu/produce-facts-sheets/mandarin. Erişim tarihi 11.02.2025. Baldwin, E.A., Niesperos, M.O., Shaw, P.E., & Burns, J.K. (1995). Effect of coatings and prolonged storage conditions on fresh orange flavour volatiles, degrees brix and ascorbic acid levels. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 43(5), 1321- 1331.
- Baldwin, E.A., Burns, J.K., Kazokas, W., Brecht, J.K., Hagenmaier, R.D., Benderd, R.J., & Pesis, E. (1999). Effect of two edible coatings with different permeability characteristics on mango (Mangifera indica L.) ripening during storage. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 17(3), 215-226.
- Bhan, C., Asrey, R., Meena, N. K., Rudra, S. G., Chawla, G., Kumar, R., & Kumar, R. (2022). Guar gum and chitosan-based composite edible coating extends the shelf life and preserves the bioactive compounds in stored Kinnow fruits. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 222, 2922-2935.
- Echeverria, E., & İsmail, M. (1990). Sugars unrelated to Brix changes in stored citrus fruits. HortSience 25:710.
- Elnaggar, I., Fahmy, M. A., Abd-Alrazik, A. M., & Sultan, M. Z. (2021). Effect of some postharvest treatments with edible coating materials on storability and quality of ‘Murcott tangor’ fruits during cold storage. Al-Azhar Journal of Agricultural Research, 46(1), 16-27.
- FAO (2025). Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations, www.fao.org/faostat (Erişim tarihi: 08.01.2025).
- Gao, J., Wu, B. P., Gao, L. X., Liu, H. R., Zhang, B., Sun, C. D., & Chen, K. S. (2018). Glycosidically bound volatiles as affected by ripening stages of Satsuma mandarin fruit. Food Chemistry, 240, 1097-1105.
- Huang, Q., Wan, C., Zhang, Y., Chen, C., & Chen, J. (2021). Gum arabic edible coating reduces postharvest decay and alleviates nutritional quality deterioration of ponkan fruit during cold storage. Frontiers in Nutrition, 8, 717596.
- Khedr, E. (2017). Does the quality of Valencia orange vary in response to different coatings during cold storage?. Egyptian journal of horticulture, 44(2), 219-233.
- Khorram, F., Ramezanian, A., & Hosseini, S. M. H., 2017. Effect of different edible coatings on postharvest quality of ‘Kinnow’mandarin. Journal of Food Measurement and Characterization, 11, 1827-1833.
- Murmu, S. B., & Mishra, H. N. (2018). The effect of edible coating based on Arabic gum, sodium caseinate and essential oil of cinnamon and lemon grass on guava. Food Chemistry, 245, 820-828.
- Nambi, V.E., Thangavel, K., Shahir, S., & Geetha, V. (2015). Evaluation of colour behavior during ripening of Banganapalli mango using CIE-Lab and RGB colour coordinates. Journal of Applied Horticulture, 17(3), 205-209.
- Niu, F., Kou, M., Fan, J., Pan, W., Feng, Z. J., Su, Yang, Y., & Zhou, W. (2018). Structural characteristics and rheological properties of ovalbumin-gum arabic complex coacervates. Food Chemistry, 260, 1-6.
- Nural, N. (2019). Samandağ (Hatay) Yöresinde Yetiştirilen ‘Owari Satsuma’ Mandarininin Doğal Soğutmalı Ve Soğuk Hava Depolarında Muhafazası (Tez no 599969). [Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Bahçe Bitkileri Ana Bilim Dalı]. Yükseköğretim Kurulu Ulusal Tez Merkezi.
- Özdemir, A.E., Çandır, E.E., Kaplankıran, M., Demirkeser, T.H., Toplu, C., & Yıldız, E. (2010). Changes in quality parameters of ‘Satsuma’ mandarin during fruit development and their relationship with optimum harvest maturity. Acta Hort. (ISHS), 877, 723-729.
- Özdemir, A.E., Didin, Ö., Çandır, E., Kaplankıran, M., & Yıldız, E. (2019). Effects of rootstocks on storage performance of ‘Nova’ mandarins. Turk J Agric For., 43, 307‒317 s.
- Özdemir, A.E, Uzun, C., Borazan, S., & Kaplankıran, M. (2023). Carrizo sitranjı ve turunç anaçları üzerinde yetiştirilen ‘Ortanique’ tangor meyvelerinin soğukta muhafazasına farklı paketlemelerin etkileri. Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Üniversitesi Fen ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 4(1), 19−29.
- Pauzi, N., Zain, N. M., & Yusof, N. A. A. (2020). Gum arabic as a natural stabilizing agent in green synthesis of ZnO nanofluids for antibacterial application. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 8 (3), 103331.
- Perez-Gago, M. B., Gonzalez-Aguilar, G. A., & Olivas, G. I. (2010). Edible coatings for fruits and vegetables. Stewart Postharvest Review, 6, 1-4
- Putnik, P., Barba, F.J., Lorenzo, J.M., Gabrić, D., Shpigelman, A., Cravotto, G., & Bursać Kovačević, D. (2017). An ıntegrated approach to mandarin processing: food safety and nutritional quality, consumer preference, and nutrient bioaccessibility. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, 16, 1345–1358.
- Rokaya, P., Baral, D., Gautam, D., Shrestha, A., & Paudyal, K. (2016). Effect of postharvest treatments on quality and shelf life of mandarin (Citrus reticulate Blanco). American Journal of Plant Sciences, 7, 1098- 1105.
- Saini, R.K., Ranjit, A., Sharma, K., Prasad, P., Shang, X., Gowda, K.G.M., & Keum, Y.S. (2022). Bioactive compounds of citrus fruits: A review of composition and health benefits of carotenoids, flavonoids, limonoids, and terpenes. Antioxidants, 11(2), 239.
- Sun, C., Aernouts, B., & Saeys, W. (2021). Effects of harvest time, fruit size and cultivar on the bulk optical properties of Satsuma mandarin. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 175, 111412
- Williams, P., & Phillips, G. (2001). Gum arabic: Production, safety and physiological effects, physicochemical characterization, functional properties, and food applications. In Handbook of Dietary Fiber, Eds: CRC Press, p. 675-693.
- Wu, G.A., Sugimoto, C., Kinjo, H., Azama, C., Mitsube, F., Talon, M., Frederick, G., Gmitter, Jr., & Rokhsar, D.S. (2021). Diversification of mandarin citrus by hybrid speciation and apomixis. Nature Communications, 12, 4377
- Yazıcı, K., Karaoğlu, B. G., & Aydın, M. Z. (2023). Determination of shelf-life of new satsuma (Rize) mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marc.) cultivar candidates obtained by clonal selection. Horticultural Studies, 40(1), 28-35.
- Yilmaz, B., Cimen, B., Zarifikhosroshahi, M., Yesiloglu, T., Incesu, M., & Kafkas, E. (2020). Fruit quality and biochemical characteristics of some early ripening mandarin varieties. Fruits, 75(4), 145-152.
Year 2026,
Volume: 29 Issue: 1, 62 - 70
Abstract
Bu çalışmada, gam arabik uygulamasının, ‘Owari Satsuma’ mandarin çeşidinin soğukta muhafazasına ve raf ömrüne etkisinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gam arabik uygulaması (%2) yapılmış meyveler ve kontrol meyveleri 5±0.5℃ ve %85-90 oransal nem koşullarında 60 gün depolanmış, ayda bir kalite analizleri yapılmıştır. Muhafaza ve raf ömrü sırasında ağırlık kayıpları, suda çözünebilir toplam kuru madde (SÇKM) içeriği, meyve suyu pH değeri, titre edilebilir asit (TA) içeriği, meyve kabuk rengi (L*,chroma (C*) ve hue (h°) değeri), usare içeriği, fungal bozulma, görünüş (1-5) belirlenmiştir. Ortalama ağırlık kaybı kontrol örneklerinde %5.85, gam arabik uygulaması yapılan örneklerde %4.55 olarak belirlenmiştir. Meyvelerin C* değeri ortalama 54.73’den 71.48’e yükselmiştir. Fungal bozulma, muhafaza sonunda ortalama %13.33 olmuştur. Ortalama fungal bozulma kontrol örneklerinde %7.41, gam arabik uygulaması yapılan örneklerde %4.44 olarak tespit edilmiştir. TA içeriği ortalama %1.38’den %1.18’e h° değeri 102.10’dan 77.82’ye düşmüştür. Çalışma sonucunda ağırlık kayıpları ve fungal bozulma gam arabik uygulaması yapılan meyvelerde kontrol meyvelerine göre daha az olduğu saptanmıştır. Muhafaza ve raf ömrü sırasında bazı kalite özelliklerinde, kontrol ile gam arabik uygulaması yapılan meyveler arasında belirgin bir farkın oluşmadığı tespit edilmiştir.
Ethical Statement
Makalenin yazarı olarak, sonuçları veya yorumları etkileyebilecek herhangi bir maddi veya diğer asli çıkar çatışması olmadığını beyan ederim
Supporting Institution
Alata Bahçe Bitkileri Araştırma Enstitüsü Erdemli/Mersin
Thanks
Bu çalışma Alata Bahçe Bitkileri Araştırma Enstitüsü Erdemli/Mersin'de yürütülmüştür ve çalışmanın gerçekleştirilmesi için gerekli tüm olanakları sağlayan Alata Bahçe Bitkileri Araştırma Enstitüsü'ne teşekkür ederim
References
- Ahlawat, P., Bala, S., & Kumar, J. (2018). Effect of post-harvest treatments of gum arabic, calcium lactate and glycerin on biochemical constituents of kinnow. Crop Research, 53, 154-159.
- Ali, B. H., Ziada, A., & Blunden, G. (2009). Biological effects of gum arabic: a review of some recent research. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 47(1), 1-8.
- Ali, S., Anjum, M. A., Ejaz, S., Hussain, S., Ercisli, S., Saleem, M. S., & Sardar, H. (2021). Carboxymethyl cellulose coating delays chilling injury development and maintains eating quality of ‘Kinnow’mandarin fruits during low temperature storage. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 168, 77-85.
- Ali, S., Khan, A. S., Nawaz, A., Naz, S., Ejaz, S., Shah, A. A., & Haider, M. W. (2023). The combined application of arabic gum coating and γ-aminobutyric acid mitigates chilling injury and maintains eating quality of ‘Kinnow’mandarin fruits. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 236, 123966.
- Anonymous, 2025. https://postharvest.ucdavis.edu/produce-facts-sheets/mandarin. Erişim tarihi 11.02.2025. Baldwin, E.A., Niesperos, M.O., Shaw, P.E., & Burns, J.K. (1995). Effect of coatings and prolonged storage conditions on fresh orange flavour volatiles, degrees brix and ascorbic acid levels. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 43(5), 1321- 1331.
- Baldwin, E.A., Burns, J.K., Kazokas, W., Brecht, J.K., Hagenmaier, R.D., Benderd, R.J., & Pesis, E. (1999). Effect of two edible coatings with different permeability characteristics on mango (Mangifera indica L.) ripening during storage. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 17(3), 215-226.
- Bhan, C., Asrey, R., Meena, N. K., Rudra, S. G., Chawla, G., Kumar, R., & Kumar, R. (2022). Guar gum and chitosan-based composite edible coating extends the shelf life and preserves the bioactive compounds in stored Kinnow fruits. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 222, 2922-2935.
- Echeverria, E., & İsmail, M. (1990). Sugars unrelated to Brix changes in stored citrus fruits. HortSience 25:710.
- Elnaggar, I., Fahmy, M. A., Abd-Alrazik, A. M., & Sultan, M. Z. (2021). Effect of some postharvest treatments with edible coating materials on storability and quality of ‘Murcott tangor’ fruits during cold storage. Al-Azhar Journal of Agricultural Research, 46(1), 16-27.
- FAO (2025). Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations, www.fao.org/faostat (Erişim tarihi: 08.01.2025).
- Gao, J., Wu, B. P., Gao, L. X., Liu, H. R., Zhang, B., Sun, C. D., & Chen, K. S. (2018). Glycosidically bound volatiles as affected by ripening stages of Satsuma mandarin fruit. Food Chemistry, 240, 1097-1105.
- Huang, Q., Wan, C., Zhang, Y., Chen, C., & Chen, J. (2021). Gum arabic edible coating reduces postharvest decay and alleviates nutritional quality deterioration of ponkan fruit during cold storage. Frontiers in Nutrition, 8, 717596.
- Khedr, E. (2017). Does the quality of Valencia orange vary in response to different coatings during cold storage?. Egyptian journal of horticulture, 44(2), 219-233.
- Khorram, F., Ramezanian, A., & Hosseini, S. M. H., 2017. Effect of different edible coatings on postharvest quality of ‘Kinnow’mandarin. Journal of Food Measurement and Characterization, 11, 1827-1833.
- Murmu, S. B., & Mishra, H. N. (2018). The effect of edible coating based on Arabic gum, sodium caseinate and essential oil of cinnamon and lemon grass on guava. Food Chemistry, 245, 820-828.
- Nambi, V.E., Thangavel, K., Shahir, S., & Geetha, V. (2015). Evaluation of colour behavior during ripening of Banganapalli mango using CIE-Lab and RGB colour coordinates. Journal of Applied Horticulture, 17(3), 205-209.
- Niu, F., Kou, M., Fan, J., Pan, W., Feng, Z. J., Su, Yang, Y., & Zhou, W. (2018). Structural characteristics and rheological properties of ovalbumin-gum arabic complex coacervates. Food Chemistry, 260, 1-6.
- Nural, N. (2019). Samandağ (Hatay) Yöresinde Yetiştirilen ‘Owari Satsuma’ Mandarininin Doğal Soğutmalı Ve Soğuk Hava Depolarında Muhafazası (Tez no 599969). [Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Bahçe Bitkileri Ana Bilim Dalı]. Yükseköğretim Kurulu Ulusal Tez Merkezi.
- Özdemir, A.E., Çandır, E.E., Kaplankıran, M., Demirkeser, T.H., Toplu, C., & Yıldız, E. (2010). Changes in quality parameters of ‘Satsuma’ mandarin during fruit development and their relationship with optimum harvest maturity. Acta Hort. (ISHS), 877, 723-729.
- Özdemir, A.E., Didin, Ö., Çandır, E., Kaplankıran, M., & Yıldız, E. (2019). Effects of rootstocks on storage performance of ‘Nova’ mandarins. Turk J Agric For., 43, 307‒317 s.
- Özdemir, A.E, Uzun, C., Borazan, S., & Kaplankıran, M. (2023). Carrizo sitranjı ve turunç anaçları üzerinde yetiştirilen ‘Ortanique’ tangor meyvelerinin soğukta muhafazasına farklı paketlemelerin etkileri. Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Üniversitesi Fen ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 4(1), 19−29.
- Pauzi, N., Zain, N. M., & Yusof, N. A. A. (2020). Gum arabic as a natural stabilizing agent in green synthesis of ZnO nanofluids for antibacterial application. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 8 (3), 103331.
- Perez-Gago, M. B., Gonzalez-Aguilar, G. A., & Olivas, G. I. (2010). Edible coatings for fruits and vegetables. Stewart Postharvest Review, 6, 1-4
- Putnik, P., Barba, F.J., Lorenzo, J.M., Gabrić, D., Shpigelman, A., Cravotto, G., & Bursać Kovačević, D. (2017). An ıntegrated approach to mandarin processing: food safety and nutritional quality, consumer preference, and nutrient bioaccessibility. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, 16, 1345–1358.
- Rokaya, P., Baral, D., Gautam, D., Shrestha, A., & Paudyal, K. (2016). Effect of postharvest treatments on quality and shelf life of mandarin (Citrus reticulate Blanco). American Journal of Plant Sciences, 7, 1098- 1105.
- Saini, R.K., Ranjit, A., Sharma, K., Prasad, P., Shang, X., Gowda, K.G.M., & Keum, Y.S. (2022). Bioactive compounds of citrus fruits: A review of composition and health benefits of carotenoids, flavonoids, limonoids, and terpenes. Antioxidants, 11(2), 239.
- Sun, C., Aernouts, B., & Saeys, W. (2021). Effects of harvest time, fruit size and cultivar on the bulk optical properties of Satsuma mandarin. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 175, 111412
- Williams, P., & Phillips, G. (2001). Gum arabic: Production, safety and physiological effects, physicochemical characterization, functional properties, and food applications. In Handbook of Dietary Fiber, Eds: CRC Press, p. 675-693.
- Wu, G.A., Sugimoto, C., Kinjo, H., Azama, C., Mitsube, F., Talon, M., Frederick, G., Gmitter, Jr., & Rokhsar, D.S. (2021). Diversification of mandarin citrus by hybrid speciation and apomixis. Nature Communications, 12, 4377
- Yazıcı, K., Karaoğlu, B. G., & Aydın, M. Z. (2023). Determination of shelf-life of new satsuma (Rize) mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marc.) cultivar candidates obtained by clonal selection. Horticultural Studies, 40(1), 28-35.
- Yilmaz, B., Cimen, B., Zarifikhosroshahi, M., Yesiloglu, T., Incesu, M., & Kafkas, E. (2020). Fruit quality and biochemical characteristics of some early ripening mandarin varieties. Fruits, 75(4), 145-152.
There are 31 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Post Harvest Horticultural Technologies (Incl. Transportation and Storage) |
| Journal Section | RESEARCH ARTICLE |
| Authors | |
| Early Pub Date | October 18, 2025 |
| Publication Date | October 19, 2025 |
| Submission Date | June 18, 2025 |
| Acceptance Date | August 15, 2025 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2026 Volume: 29 Issue: 1 |
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