Feed Value of Emmer Wheat (Triticum dicoccum) and By-products for Ruminant Animals

Selim Sırakaya

doi:10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1030415

TR EN

Gernik (Gacer, Kavılca) Buğdayı (Triticum dicoccum) ve Yan Ürünlerinin Ruminant Hayvanlar İçin Yem Değeri

Öz

Ata buğday türleri, sağlığa faydaları ve organik tarıma uygunlukları nedeniyle son zamanlarda daha fazla ilgi çekmektedir. Bu ilgi ile birlikte ata buğday türlerinin ve özellikle yan ürünlerinin hayvan beslemede kullanım olanakları ortaya çıkmaktadır. Ata buğday çeşitlerinden biri olarak bilinen gernik (gacer, kavılca), tanelerini kaplayan bir kavuza sahiptir. Toplam bitki ağırlığının yaklaşık %70'i kavuz ve saplardan oluşur. Literatür bilgiler incelendiğinde gerniğin kavuz ve sap kısımlarının yem olarak değerlendirilmesine yönelik sınırlı sayıda çalışma yapıldığı görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada ise gernik ve yan ürünlerinin besin değerlerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bitkinin yem değeri beş kısımda (kavuzlu dane, bitki sapı, kavuz, kavuzsuz dane ve un) analiz edilmiştir. Her kısım için, kuru madde (KM), ham protein (HP), ham yağ (HY), ham kül (HK), nişasta, ham selüloz (HS), asit deterjan fiber (ADF), nötral deterjan fiber (NDF), asit deterjanda çözünmeyen ham protein (ADICP), nötral deterjanda çözünmeyen ham protein (NDICP), lignin ve mineral analizleri yapılmıştır. Bunlara ilave olarak, fiber olmayan karbonhidrat (NFC), sindirilebilir kuru madde (DDM), hayvan vücut ağırlığına göre kuru madde tüketimi (DMIvücut ağırlığı), toplam sindirilebilir besin (TDN1X), net enerji laktasyon (NEL3X), metabolik enerji (ME), net enerji yaşama (NEM), net enerji verim (NEG) gibi enerji ve sindirilebilirlik hesaplamaları yapılmıştır. Emmer buğday danesinin protein içeriğinin modern buğday çeşitlerine göre daha yüksek olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Emmer buğdayı sap kısımlarının ADF ve NDF değerleri modern buğday saplarına göre daha düşük belirlenmiştir ve bu nedenle daha iyi sindirilebilirlik değerlerine sahiptir. Ayrıca modern buğday çeşitlerine göre nişasta sindirim direncinin daha yüksek olması ruminant beslemede tercih sebebi olabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Feed Value of Emmer Wheat (Triticum dicoccum) and By-products for Ruminant Animals

Abstract

Ancient wheat species attracts more attention recently due to their health benefits and suitability for organic farming. With this attention, the possibilities of using ancient wheat species and especially their by-products in animal nutrition are emerging. Unlike modern wheat varieties, emmer is known as one of the ancient wheat varieties, has hull covering its grains. Approximately 70% of the total plant weight consists of hulls and stalks. Looking at the literature, limited studies has been conducted regarding the evaluation of the hull and stalk parts of emmer wheat as feed. Herein, this study aims to determine the nutritional values of emmer wheat and its by-products. The feed value of the plant was analyzed in five parts (hulled grain, stalk of plant, hull, naked grain and flour). For each part, dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), ether exract (EE), crude ash (CA), starch, crude fiber (CF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent insoluble crude protein (ADICP), neutral detergent insoluble crude protein (NDICP), lignin and mineral analyzes were made. In addition, non-fiber carbohydrate (NFC), digestible dry matter (DDM), dry matter intake by animal body weight (DMIBW), total digestible nutriton (TDN1X), net energy lactation (NEL3X), metabolic energy (ME), net energy maintanence (NEM), net energy gain (NEG), energy and digestibility calculations were performed. The protein content of emmer grain was observed higher than that of modern wheat. ADF and NDF values of the emmer wheat stalks are lower than modern wheat stalks and therefore have better digestibility values. Additionally, the higher resistance to starch digestion compared to modern wheat varieties may be a reason for preference in ruminant feeding.

Keywords

Kaynakça

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Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Ziraat, Veterinerlik ve Gıda Bilimleri

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yazarlar

Selim Sırakaya ^*
0000-0003-2733-1726
Türkiye

Yayımlanma Tarihi

28 Şubat 2023

Gönderilme Tarihi

30 Kasım 2021

Kabul Tarihi

17 Şubat 2022

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2023 Cilt: 26 Sayı: 1

DOI

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1030415

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA72CM68DN

Kaynak Göster

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Sırakaya, S. (2023). Feed Value of Emmer Wheat (Triticum dicoccum) and By-products for Ruminant Animals. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi, 26(1), 210-217. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1030415