Kurutmalık Biber Meyvelerinde İç Çürüklüğüne Neden Olan Bazı Fungal Etmenlere Karşı Bitki Uçucu Yağlarının in vitro Antifungal Etkileri

Mehmet Atay; Soner Soylu

doi:10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1085859

EN TR

In vitro Antifungal Effects of Plant Essential Oils Against Some Fungal Disease Agents Causing Internal Rot of Dried Pepper Fruits

Abstract

Fungal disease agents that cause internal fruit rot in agricultural products before and after harvest cause serious quality and yield losses. At the same time, the mycotoxins they produce in foods pose a health risk for consumers. In this study, it was aimed to isolate fungal disease agents that cause internal rot symptoms in dried pepper fruits grown in Hatay province and sold in local bazaars, to identify by morphological and MALDI-TOF methods, and to determine the antifungal effects of different plant essential oils against the most common disease agents. Alternaria alternata and Aspergillus niger were determined as the most common fungal disease agents following the result of isolations, morphological and MALDI-TOF diagnostic studies from fruit samples showing signs of disease. Antifungal effects of different vapor doses of essential oils of different thyme (Thymus vulgaris L., Tymbra spicata L. and Origanum syriacum L.), fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.), laurel (Laurus nobilis L.) and eucalyptus (Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh) were investigated against fungal disease agents in vitro conditions. The highest antifungal activities (100% inhibition) against fungal isolates were displayed by essential oils of Thymbra spicata (2.0-4.0 µl Petri-1), Origanum syriacum (4.0 µl Petri-1) and Thymus vulgaris (4.0-6.0 µl Petri-1). Eucalyptus camaldulensis (16.0-40.0 Petri-1) exhibited the lowest antifungal activity against tested fungal isolates. In addition, the antifungal properties and EC50 values of essential oils were also determined. Plant essential oils showed antifungal effects against the tested fungal isolates in a dose-dependent manner. The results showed that plant essential oils might be applied as biofumigants in dried agricultural products.

Keywords

Kurutmalık Biber Meyvelerinde İç Çürüklüğüne Neden Olan Bazı Fungal Etmenlere Karşı Bitki Uçucu Yağlarının in vitro Antifungal Etkileri

Öz

Hasat öncesi ve sonrası tarımsal ürünlerde meyve iç çürüklüğüne neden olan fungal etmenler ciddi kalite ve verim kayıplarına neden olurken, gıdalarda ürettikleri mikotoksinler tüketiciler için sağlık riski oluşturur. Bu çalışmada, Hatay ilinde yetiştirilen ve yerel pazarlarda satılan kurutmalık biber meyvelerinde iç çürüklüğü belirtisine neden olan fungal hastalık etmenlerinin, izolasyonu, morfolojik ve MALDI-TOF yöntemleri ile tanılanması, yaygın hastalık etmenlerine karşı farklı bitki uçucu yağlarının antifungal etkilerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Hastalık belirtisi gösteren meyve örneklerinden yapılan izolasyonları müteakiben yapılan morfolojik ve MALDI-TOF tanılama çalışmaları sonucunda Alternaria alternata ve Aspergillus niger en sık rastlanan fungal hastalık etmenleri olarak belirlenmiştir. Hastalık etmenlerine karşı kekik (Thymus vulgaris L., Tymbra spicata L. ve Origanum syriacum L.), rezene (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.), defne (Laurus nobilis L.) ve okaliptüs (Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh) uçucu yağlarının buhar fazında farklı dozlarının antifungal etkinlikleri in vitro koşullarda araştırılmıştır. Fungus izolatlarına karşı en yüksek antifungal etkinlik (% 100 engelleme) Thymbra spicata, Origanum syriacum ve Thymus vulgaris uçucu yağlarının 4.0-6.0 µl petri-1 dozlarında gözlenmiştir. Test edilen fungal izolatlara karşı en düşük antifungal etkinlik ise Eucalyptus camaldulensis (16.0-40.0 µl petri-1) uçucu yağı tarafından gösterilmiştir. Yapılan çalışmalarla uçucu yağların antifungal özellikleri ve EC50 değerleri belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre bitki uçucu yağları, doza bağlı bir şekilde test edilen izolatlara karşı antifungal etkinlik göstermişlerdir. Elde edilen sonuçlar bitki uçucu yağlarının, kurutmalık tarımsal ürünlerde biyofumigant olarak uygulanabileceğini göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Destekleyen Kurum

Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi, Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Komisyonu

Proje Numarası

17YL013

Kaynakça

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Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

Türkçe

Konular

Ziraat, Veterinerlik ve Gıda Bilimleri

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yazarlar

Mehmet Atay
0000-0001-5751-4764
Türkiye

Soner Soylu ^*
0000-0003-1002-8958
Türkiye

Yayımlanma Tarihi

28 Şubat 2023

Gönderilme Tarihi

10 Mart 2022

Kabul Tarihi

21 Nisan 2022

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2023 Cilt: 26 Sayı: 1

DOI

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1085859

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA96GL83WG

Kaynak Göster

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Atay, M., & Soylu, S. (2023). Kurutmalık Biber Meyvelerinde İç Çürüklüğüne Neden Olan Bazı Fungal Etmenlere Karşı Bitki Uçucu Yağlarının in vitro Antifungal Etkileri. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi, 26(1), 76-89. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1085859