Simental Irkı Sığırlarda GH ve PIT-I Gen Polimorfizmleri ile Süt Verimleri Arasındaki İlişkinin Araştırılması
Yıl 2020,
Cilt: 23 Sayı: 6, 1678 - 1686, 31.12.2020
Mustafa Korkmaz
Bilal Akyüz
Öz
Bu çalışmada Simental ırkı sığırlarda büyüme hormonu (GH) ve hipofiz spesifik transkripsiyon faktör-1 (PIT-1) genleri ile 1. ve 2. laktasyon toplam süt verimleri ve günlük süt verimleri arasındaki ilişkinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada, Kayseri ili civarında yetiştirilen 203 baş Simental ırkı sağmal inek incelenmiştir. GH genotiplerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılan PCR işlemi sonunda elde edilen 223 bp’lik PCR ürünleri AluI restriksiyon enzimiyle kesilmiştir. PIT-1 genotiplerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılan PCR işlemi sonunda elde edilen 600 bp’lik PCR ürünleri ise HinfI enzimi ile kesilmiştir. GH-AluI ve PIT-1-HinfI genotipleri ile günlük ve laktasyon toplam süt verimleri arasındaki ilişki tek yönlü varyans analizi (ANOVA) ile değerlendirilmiştir. GH-AluI polimorfizmi yönünden incelenen Simental ırkı sığırlarda iki allel (A ve B) ile üç genotip (LL, LV ve VV) gözlenmiştir. İncelenen örneklerde LL genotip frekasının en yüksek (0.52), VV genotip frekansının ise en düşük (0.11) olduğu belirlenmiştir. PIT-1-HinfI polimorfizmi yönünden incelenen Simental ırkı ineklerde iki genotip (AB ve BB) gözlenmiştir. AA genotipine incelenen örneklerde rastlanılmamıştır. İncelenen Simental ırkı sığırlarda BB genotip frekasının en yüksek (0.74) olduğu belirlenmiştir. Çalışma sonunda Simental ırkı ineklerde GH-AluI ve PIT-1-HinfI polimorfizmleri ile 1., 2. laktasyon toplam süt verimleri ve günlük süt verimi arasında istatistik olarak önemli ilişki olmadığı belirlenmiştir (P>0.05). Simental ırkı sığırlarda GH-AluI ve PIT-1-HinfI polimorfizmleri ile diğer süt verim özellikleri ile büyüme ve et verim özellikleri arasındaki ilişkilerin araştırıldığı çalışmaların planlanması gerektiği düşünülmüştür.
Destekleyen Kurum
Erciyes Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimi
Proje Numarası
TYL-2019-8822
Teşekkür
Bu çalışmayı TYL-2019-8822 proje kodu ile destekleyen Erciyes Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimi’ne teşekkür ederiz.
Kaynakça
- Ağaoğlu ÖK, Akyüz B 2013. Growth hormone gene polymorphism in four cattle breeds in Turkey. Kafkas Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 19(3): 419-422.
- Anonim 2019. Süt raporu. http://www.zmo.org.tr. Erişim tarihi: 15.10.2019.
- Aytekin I, Boztepe S 2013. Associations of PIT-1 gene polymorphism with milk yield and composition traits in Brown Swiss cattle. The Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences, 23(5): 1281-1289.
- Balogh O, Kovacs K, Kulcsar M, Gaspardy A, Zsolnai A, Katai L, Pesci A, Fesüs L, Butler WR, Huszenicza GY 2009. AluI polymorphism of the bovine growth hormone (GH) gene, resumption of ovarian cyclicity, milk production and loss of body condition at the onset of lactation in dairy cows. Theriogenology, 71(4): 553-559.
- Bеkseitov T, Аbeldinov R, Asanbaev T, Dzhaksybaeva G 2017. Expression of candidate genes of lipid metabolism in the Kazakhstani breeding Simmental cattle. Annals of Agrarian Science, 15(4): 443-446.
- Chauhan A, Tiwari M, Singh SP, Sharma D, Kumar S, Goel R, Bhattacharya A, Singh, V 2015. Association of PIT-1 gene polymorphism with milk production traits in Sahiwal cattle. Indian Journal of Animal Sciences, 85(6): 610-612.
- Chrenek P, Huba J, Vasicek D, Peskovicová D, Bulla J 2003. The relation between genetic polymorphism markers and milk yield in Brown Swiss cattle imported to Slovakia. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 16(10): 1397-1401.
- Cosier V, Vlaic A, Carsai C, Socol C 2008, Constantinescu R. Research concerning the genetic structure of Romanian Simental and Maramures Brown breeeds at the pituitary transcription factor locus. Scientific Papers Animal Science and Biotechnologies, 41(1): 45-48.
- Curi RA, Palmieri DA, Suguisawa L, Oliveira HND, Silveira AC, Lopes CR 2006. Growth and carcass traits associated with GH1/AluI and POU1F1/HinfI gene polymorphisms in Zebu and crossbred beef cattle. Genetics and Molecular Biology, 29(1): 56-61.
- Dario C, Carnicella D, Bufano G 2005. A note on the growth hormone (GH1-AluI) polymorphism in Podolian cattle in Southern Italy. Animal Science Papers and Reports 23 43-49.
- Dekkers JCM 2004. Commercial application of marker- and gene-assisted selection in livestock- strategies and lessons. Journal of Animal Science, 82(13): 313-328.
- Dolmatova IY, Ilyasov IG 2011. Association of cattle growth hormone gene polymorphism with milk productivity. Russian Journal of Genetics, 47(6): 720-725.
- Dybus A, Kmieć M, Sobek Z, Pietrzyk W, Wiśniewski B 2003. Associations between polymorphisms of growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) and pituitary transcription factor 1 (PIT1) genes and production traits of Limousine cattle. Archives Animal Breeding, 46(6): 527-534.
- Dybus A, Szatkowska I, Czerniawska-Piątkowska E, Grzesiak W, Wójcik J, Rzewucka E, Zych S 2004. PIT1-HinfI gene polymorphism and its associations with milk production traits in polish Black-and-White cattle. Archives Animal Breeding, 47(6): 557-563.
- Hartatik T, Kurniawati D, Adiarto A 2015. Associations between polymorphism of growth hormone gene with milk production, fat and protein content in Friesian Holstein cattle. Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture, 40(3): 133-137.
- Heidari M, Azari MA, Hasani S, Khanahmadi A, Zerehdaran S 2012. Effect of polymorphic variants of GH, Pit-1, and β-LG genes on milk production of Holstein cows. Russian Journal of Genetics, 48(4): 417-421.
- Hradecká E, Citek J, Panicke L, Rehout V, Hanusova L 2008. The relation of GH1, GHR and DGAT1 polymorphisms with estimated breeding values for milk production traits of German Holstein sires. Czech Journal of Animal Science, 53(6): 238-245.
- Jakaria J, Noor RR 2011. Analysis on Alu-I growth hormone (GHAlu-I) gene in Bali cattle. Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture, 36(2): 77-82.
- Javanmard A, Mohammadabadi MR, Zarrigabayi GE, Gharahedaghi AA, Nassiry MR, Javadmansh A, Asadzadeh N 2008. Polymorphism within the intron region of the bovine leptin gene in Iranian Sarabi cattle (Iranian Bos taurus). Russian Journal of Genetics, 44(4): 495-497.
- Jiang L, Liu J, Sun D, Ma P, Ding X, Yu Y, Zhang Q 2010. Genome wide association studies for milk production traits in Chinese Holstein population. PLoS ONE, 5(10): e13661
- Karakaya E, Akbay C 2013. İstanbul ilinde tüketicilerin süt ve süt ürünleri tüketim alışkanlıkları. Uludağ Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 27(1): 65-78.
- Kıyıcı JM, Arslan K, Akyuz B, Kaliber M, Aksel EG, Çınar MU 2019. Relationships between polymorphisms of growth hormone, leptin and myogenic factor 5 genes with some milk yield traits in Holstein dairy cows. International Journal of Dairy Technology, 72(1): 1-7.
- Koç A 2016. Simmental yetiştiriciliğinin değerlendirilmesi: 1. Dünyada ve Türkiye’deki yetiştiriciliği. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 13(2): 97-102.
- Komisarek J, Michalak A, Walendowska A 2011. The effects of polymorphisms in DGAT 1, GH and GHR genes on reproduction and production traits in Jersey cows. Animal Science Papers and Reports, 29(1): 29-36.
- Lorcu F, Bolat BA 2012. Edirne ilinde kırmızı et tüketim tercihlerinin incelenmesi. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 9(1): 71-85.
Lucy MC, Hauser SD, Eppard PJ, Krivi GG, Collier RJ 1991. Genetic polymorhism within the bovine somatotropin (bST) gene detected by polymerase chain reaction and endonuclease digestion. Journal of Dairy Science, 74(Suppl. 1): 284.
- Maryam J, Babar ME, Bao Z, Nadeem A 2016. A novel selection signature in stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase (SCD) gene for enhanced milk fat content in Bubalus bubalis. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 48(7): 1343-1349.
- Niyaz ÖC, İnan H. Türkiye'de süt sektörünün mevcut durumu ve sektöre yönelik politikaların irdelenmesi. 12. Ulusal Tarım Ekonomisi Kongresi 25-27 Mayıs 2016, Isparta-Türkiye.
- Ozdemir M, Topal M, Aksakal V 2018. The relationships between performance traits and the bGH/AluI and Pit-1/HinfI polymorphisms in Holstein cows. Indian Journal of Animal Research, 52(2): 186-191.
- Öner Y, Yılmaz O, Okut H, Ata N, Yılmazbaş-Mecitoğlu G, Keskin A 2017. Associations between GH, PRL, STAT5A, OPN, PIT-1, LEP and FGF2 polymorphisms and fertility in Holstein-Friesian heifers. Kafkas Universitesi Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 23(4): 527-534.
- Özkan M, Güneş H 2007. Kayseri'deki özel işletmelerde yetiştirilen simmental sığırların süt verimi özellikleri üzerinde araştırmalar. İstanbul Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 33(3): 17-30.
- Putra WPB, Agung PP, Said S 2019. The polymorphism in g. 1256G> A of bovine pituitary specific transcription factor-1 (bPIT-1) gene and its association with body weight of Pasundan cattle. Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture, 44(1): 19-27.
- Renaville R, Gengler N, Vrech E, Prandi A, Massart S, Corradini C, Bertozzi C, Mortiaux F, Burny A, Portetelle D 1997. PIT-1 gene polymorphism, milk yield, and conformation traits for Italian Holstein Friesian bulls. Journal of Dairy Science, 80(12): 3431-3438.
- Schlee P, Graml R, Rottmann O, Pirchner F 1994. Influence of growth‐hormone genotypes on breeding values of Simmental bulls. Journal of animal Breeding and Genetics, 111: 253-256.
- Sedykh TA, Gladyr EA, Kharzinova VR, Gizatullin RS, Kalashnikova LA 2017. Effect of GH and DGAT1 gene polymorphism on feeding qualities of bull calves. Russian Agricultural Sciences, 43(1): 48-52.
- Shariflou MR, Moran C, Nicholas FW 2000. Association of the Leu127 variant of the bovine growth hormone (bGH) gene with increased yield of milk, fat, and protein in Australian Holstein-Friesians. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 51(4): 515-522.
- Silveira LGG, Furlan LR, Curi RA, Ferraz ALJ, Alencar MMD, Regitano LCA, Matins CL, Arrigoni MDB, Suguisawa L, Silveira AC, Oliveira HND 2008. Growth hormone 1 gene (GH1) polymorphisms as possible markers of the production potential of beef cattle using the Brazilian Canchim breed as a model. Genetics and Molecular Biology, 31(4): 874-879.
- Tatsuda K, Oka A, Iwamoto E, Kuroda Y, Takeshita H, Kataoka H, Kouno S 2008. Relationship of the bovine growth hormone gene to carcass traits in Japanese black cattle. Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics, 125: 45-49.
- Thuy NTD, Thu NT, Cuong NH, Ty LV, Nguyen TTB, Khoa DVA 2018. Polymorphism of PIT-1 and prolactin genes and their effects on milk yield in Holstein Frisian dairy cows bred in Vietnam. Russian Journal of Genetics, 54(3): 346-352.
- Trakovická A, Moravčíková N, Minarovič T 2013. PCR-RFLP analyses for studying the diversity of GH and Pit-1 genes in Slovak Simmental cattle. Scientific Papers Animal Science and Biotechnologies, 46(2): 79-83.
- Tyul’kin SV, Akhmetov TM, Valiullina EF, Vafin RR 2013. Polymorphism of somatotropin, prolactin, leptin, and thyreoglobulin genes in bulls. Russian Journal of Genetics: Applied Research, 3(3): 222-224.
- Yan LJ, Fang XT, Zhang RF, Zhang CL, Chen H 2011. Analysis of pituitary specific transcription factor-1 gene polymorphism in several indigenous Chinese cattle and crossbred cattle. Journal of Applied Animal Research, 39(3): 269-274.
- Zhang C, Liu B, Chen H, Lan X, Lei C, Zhang Z, Zhang R 2009. Associations of a HinfI PCR-RFLP of POU1F1 gene with growth traits in Qinchuan cattle. Animal Biotechnology, 20(2): 71-74.
Investigation of the Relationship between GH and PIT-I Gene Polymorphisms and Milk Yields in Simmental Cattle Breed
Yıl 2020,
Cilt: 23 Sayı: 6, 1678 - 1686, 31.12.2020
Mustafa Korkmaz
Bilal Akyüz
Öz
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between growth hormone (GH) and pituitary-specific transcription factor-1 (PIT-1) genes and 1th, 2nd lactation total milk yield and daily milk yield in Simental cattle breed. In this study 203 Simmental dairy cows, reared in Kayseri vicinity, were examined. In order to determine GH genotypes, 223 bp PCR products obtained by PCR were digested with AluI restriction enzyme. In order to determine PIT-1 genotypes, 600 bp PCR products obtained by PCR were digested with HinfI restriction enzyme. The mean differences of 305-day milk yield among the genotype groups of GH-AluI and PIT-1-HinfI were assessed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Two alleles (A and B) and three genotypes (AA, AB and BB) for GH-AluI polymorphism were observed in examined Simmental cows. The LL genotype frequency was found highest (0.52) and the VV genotype frequency was found the lowest (0.11) in examined Simmental cows. The frequency of the L allele was found higher (0.7) than V allele (0.3) in this study. Two alleles (A and B) and two genotypes (AB and BB) for PIT-1-HinfI polymorphism were observed in examined Simmental cows in this study. The AA genotype was not found in the examined samples. The BB genotype frequency was found to be highest (0.74) in examined Simnetal cows. End of the study, the genotype effects for GH-AluI and PIT-1-HinfI polymorphisms on daily and lactation total milk yield were not found to be significant in examined Simmental cows (P>0.05). It was thought that further studies on the association between GH-AluI and PIT-1-HinfI polymorphism and other milk yield traits and meat yield traits in Simmental cattle breed should be conducted.
Proje Numarası
TYL-2019-8822
Kaynakça
- Ağaoğlu ÖK, Akyüz B 2013. Growth hormone gene polymorphism in four cattle breeds in Turkey. Kafkas Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 19(3): 419-422.
- Anonim 2019. Süt raporu. http://www.zmo.org.tr. Erişim tarihi: 15.10.2019.
- Aytekin I, Boztepe S 2013. Associations of PIT-1 gene polymorphism with milk yield and composition traits in Brown Swiss cattle. The Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences, 23(5): 1281-1289.
- Balogh O, Kovacs K, Kulcsar M, Gaspardy A, Zsolnai A, Katai L, Pesci A, Fesüs L, Butler WR, Huszenicza GY 2009. AluI polymorphism of the bovine growth hormone (GH) gene, resumption of ovarian cyclicity, milk production and loss of body condition at the onset of lactation in dairy cows. Theriogenology, 71(4): 553-559.
- Bеkseitov T, Аbeldinov R, Asanbaev T, Dzhaksybaeva G 2017. Expression of candidate genes of lipid metabolism in the Kazakhstani breeding Simmental cattle. Annals of Agrarian Science, 15(4): 443-446.
- Chauhan A, Tiwari M, Singh SP, Sharma D, Kumar S, Goel R, Bhattacharya A, Singh, V 2015. Association of PIT-1 gene polymorphism with milk production traits in Sahiwal cattle. Indian Journal of Animal Sciences, 85(6): 610-612.
- Chrenek P, Huba J, Vasicek D, Peskovicová D, Bulla J 2003. The relation between genetic polymorphism markers and milk yield in Brown Swiss cattle imported to Slovakia. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 16(10): 1397-1401.
- Cosier V, Vlaic A, Carsai C, Socol C 2008, Constantinescu R. Research concerning the genetic structure of Romanian Simental and Maramures Brown breeeds at the pituitary transcription factor locus. Scientific Papers Animal Science and Biotechnologies, 41(1): 45-48.
- Curi RA, Palmieri DA, Suguisawa L, Oliveira HND, Silveira AC, Lopes CR 2006. Growth and carcass traits associated with GH1/AluI and POU1F1/HinfI gene polymorphisms in Zebu and crossbred beef cattle. Genetics and Molecular Biology, 29(1): 56-61.
- Dario C, Carnicella D, Bufano G 2005. A note on the growth hormone (GH1-AluI) polymorphism in Podolian cattle in Southern Italy. Animal Science Papers and Reports 23 43-49.
- Dekkers JCM 2004. Commercial application of marker- and gene-assisted selection in livestock- strategies and lessons. Journal of Animal Science, 82(13): 313-328.
- Dolmatova IY, Ilyasov IG 2011. Association of cattle growth hormone gene polymorphism with milk productivity. Russian Journal of Genetics, 47(6): 720-725.
- Dybus A, Kmieć M, Sobek Z, Pietrzyk W, Wiśniewski B 2003. Associations between polymorphisms of growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) and pituitary transcription factor 1 (PIT1) genes and production traits of Limousine cattle. Archives Animal Breeding, 46(6): 527-534.
- Dybus A, Szatkowska I, Czerniawska-Piątkowska E, Grzesiak W, Wójcik J, Rzewucka E, Zych S 2004. PIT1-HinfI gene polymorphism and its associations with milk production traits in polish Black-and-White cattle. Archives Animal Breeding, 47(6): 557-563.
- Hartatik T, Kurniawati D, Adiarto A 2015. Associations between polymorphism of growth hormone gene with milk production, fat and protein content in Friesian Holstein cattle. Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture, 40(3): 133-137.
- Heidari M, Azari MA, Hasani S, Khanahmadi A, Zerehdaran S 2012. Effect of polymorphic variants of GH, Pit-1, and β-LG genes on milk production of Holstein cows. Russian Journal of Genetics, 48(4): 417-421.
- Hradecká E, Citek J, Panicke L, Rehout V, Hanusova L 2008. The relation of GH1, GHR and DGAT1 polymorphisms with estimated breeding values for milk production traits of German Holstein sires. Czech Journal of Animal Science, 53(6): 238-245.
- Jakaria J, Noor RR 2011. Analysis on Alu-I growth hormone (GHAlu-I) gene in Bali cattle. Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture, 36(2): 77-82.
- Javanmard A, Mohammadabadi MR, Zarrigabayi GE, Gharahedaghi AA, Nassiry MR, Javadmansh A, Asadzadeh N 2008. Polymorphism within the intron region of the bovine leptin gene in Iranian Sarabi cattle (Iranian Bos taurus). Russian Journal of Genetics, 44(4): 495-497.
- Jiang L, Liu J, Sun D, Ma P, Ding X, Yu Y, Zhang Q 2010. Genome wide association studies for milk production traits in Chinese Holstein population. PLoS ONE, 5(10): e13661
- Karakaya E, Akbay C 2013. İstanbul ilinde tüketicilerin süt ve süt ürünleri tüketim alışkanlıkları. Uludağ Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 27(1): 65-78.
- Kıyıcı JM, Arslan K, Akyuz B, Kaliber M, Aksel EG, Çınar MU 2019. Relationships between polymorphisms of growth hormone, leptin and myogenic factor 5 genes with some milk yield traits in Holstein dairy cows. International Journal of Dairy Technology, 72(1): 1-7.
- Koç A 2016. Simmental yetiştiriciliğinin değerlendirilmesi: 1. Dünyada ve Türkiye’deki yetiştiriciliği. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 13(2): 97-102.
- Komisarek J, Michalak A, Walendowska A 2011. The effects of polymorphisms in DGAT 1, GH and GHR genes on reproduction and production traits in Jersey cows. Animal Science Papers and Reports, 29(1): 29-36.
- Lorcu F, Bolat BA 2012. Edirne ilinde kırmızı et tüketim tercihlerinin incelenmesi. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 9(1): 71-85.
Lucy MC, Hauser SD, Eppard PJ, Krivi GG, Collier RJ 1991. Genetic polymorhism within the bovine somatotropin (bST) gene detected by polymerase chain reaction and endonuclease digestion. Journal of Dairy Science, 74(Suppl. 1): 284.
- Maryam J, Babar ME, Bao Z, Nadeem A 2016. A novel selection signature in stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase (SCD) gene for enhanced milk fat content in Bubalus bubalis. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 48(7): 1343-1349.
- Niyaz ÖC, İnan H. Türkiye'de süt sektörünün mevcut durumu ve sektöre yönelik politikaların irdelenmesi. 12. Ulusal Tarım Ekonomisi Kongresi 25-27 Mayıs 2016, Isparta-Türkiye.
- Ozdemir M, Topal M, Aksakal V 2018. The relationships between performance traits and the bGH/AluI and Pit-1/HinfI polymorphisms in Holstein cows. Indian Journal of Animal Research, 52(2): 186-191.
- Öner Y, Yılmaz O, Okut H, Ata N, Yılmazbaş-Mecitoğlu G, Keskin A 2017. Associations between GH, PRL, STAT5A, OPN, PIT-1, LEP and FGF2 polymorphisms and fertility in Holstein-Friesian heifers. Kafkas Universitesi Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 23(4): 527-534.
- Özkan M, Güneş H 2007. Kayseri'deki özel işletmelerde yetiştirilen simmental sığırların süt verimi özellikleri üzerinde araştırmalar. İstanbul Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 33(3): 17-30.
- Putra WPB, Agung PP, Said S 2019. The polymorphism in g. 1256G> A of bovine pituitary specific transcription factor-1 (bPIT-1) gene and its association with body weight of Pasundan cattle. Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture, 44(1): 19-27.
- Renaville R, Gengler N, Vrech E, Prandi A, Massart S, Corradini C, Bertozzi C, Mortiaux F, Burny A, Portetelle D 1997. PIT-1 gene polymorphism, milk yield, and conformation traits for Italian Holstein Friesian bulls. Journal of Dairy Science, 80(12): 3431-3438.
- Schlee P, Graml R, Rottmann O, Pirchner F 1994. Influence of growth‐hormone genotypes on breeding values of Simmental bulls. Journal of animal Breeding and Genetics, 111: 253-256.
- Sedykh TA, Gladyr EA, Kharzinova VR, Gizatullin RS, Kalashnikova LA 2017. Effect of GH and DGAT1 gene polymorphism on feeding qualities of bull calves. Russian Agricultural Sciences, 43(1): 48-52.
- Shariflou MR, Moran C, Nicholas FW 2000. Association of the Leu127 variant of the bovine growth hormone (bGH) gene with increased yield of milk, fat, and protein in Australian Holstein-Friesians. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 51(4): 515-522.
- Silveira LGG, Furlan LR, Curi RA, Ferraz ALJ, Alencar MMD, Regitano LCA, Matins CL, Arrigoni MDB, Suguisawa L, Silveira AC, Oliveira HND 2008. Growth hormone 1 gene (GH1) polymorphisms as possible markers of the production potential of beef cattle using the Brazilian Canchim breed as a model. Genetics and Molecular Biology, 31(4): 874-879.
- Tatsuda K, Oka A, Iwamoto E, Kuroda Y, Takeshita H, Kataoka H, Kouno S 2008. Relationship of the bovine growth hormone gene to carcass traits in Japanese black cattle. Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics, 125: 45-49.
- Thuy NTD, Thu NT, Cuong NH, Ty LV, Nguyen TTB, Khoa DVA 2018. Polymorphism of PIT-1 and prolactin genes and their effects on milk yield in Holstein Frisian dairy cows bred in Vietnam. Russian Journal of Genetics, 54(3): 346-352.
- Trakovická A, Moravčíková N, Minarovič T 2013. PCR-RFLP analyses for studying the diversity of GH and Pit-1 genes in Slovak Simmental cattle. Scientific Papers Animal Science and Biotechnologies, 46(2): 79-83.
- Tyul’kin SV, Akhmetov TM, Valiullina EF, Vafin RR 2013. Polymorphism of somatotropin, prolactin, leptin, and thyreoglobulin genes in bulls. Russian Journal of Genetics: Applied Research, 3(3): 222-224.
- Yan LJ, Fang XT, Zhang RF, Zhang CL, Chen H 2011. Analysis of pituitary specific transcription factor-1 gene polymorphism in several indigenous Chinese cattle and crossbred cattle. Journal of Applied Animal Research, 39(3): 269-274.
- Zhang C, Liu B, Chen H, Lan X, Lei C, Zhang Z, Zhang R 2009. Associations of a HinfI PCR-RFLP of POU1F1 gene with growth traits in Qinchuan cattle. Animal Biotechnology, 20(2): 71-74.