Evaluation of Cytotoxic Effect of Onosma armeniacum Extract on Various Cancer Cells

Selim Demir; Elif Ayazoglu Demir; İbrahim Turan; Ufuk Özgen

doi:10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.729814

Araştırma Makalesi

Onosma armeniacum Ekstraktının Çeşitli Kanser Hücrelerindeki Sitotoksik Etkisinin Değerlendirilmesi

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 24 Sayı: 2, 252 - 259, 30.04.2021

Selim Demir , Elif Ayazoglu Demir , İbrahim Turan , Ufuk Özgen

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.729814

Cited By: 6

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı O. armeniacum kök ekstraktının antioksidan özellikleri ile normal bir fibroblast hücre hattına kıyasla insan karaciğer (HepG2), akciğer (A549) ve kolon (WiDr) kanser hücre hatlarındaki sitotoksik etkisini araştırmaktır. Ekstraktın antioksidan özellikleri kolorimetrik yöntemler kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. Ekstraktın sitotoksik etkisi MTT yöntemi kullanılarak araştırılmıştır. Ekstraktın toplam fenolik içerik ve indirgeyici güç değerleri, g örnek başına sırasıyla 26.1±0.4 mg gallik asit eşdeğeri ve 52.6±1.1 mg troloks eşdeğeri olarak hesaplanmıştır. Ekstrakt, çalışılan tüm kanser hücre serilerinde, özellikle HepG2 (3.6 kat), seçici sitotoksik etki göstermiştir. Çalışmanın sonuçları, kabul edilebilir antioksidan ve sitotoksik etkilere sahip olduğu saptanan O. armeniacum'un daha kapsamlı çalışmalarla incelenmesi gerektiğini ortaya koymaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Antioksidan aktivite, Hücre kültürü, Kanser, Onosma armeniacum, Sitotoksisite

Kaynakça

Abotaleb M, Samuel SM, Varghese E, Varghese S, Kubatka P, Liskova A, Büsselberg D, 2019. Flavonoids in cancer and apoptosis. Cancers (Basel), 11(1): 28.
Aïssaoui H, Mencherini T, Esposito T, De Tommasi N, Gazzerro P, Benayache S, Benayache F, Mekkiou R, 2019. Heliotropium bacciferum Forssk. (Boraginaceae) extracts: chemical constituents, antioxidant activity and cytotoxic effect in human cancer cell lines. Nat Prod Res, 33(12): 1813-1818.
Albaqami J, Myles EL, Tiriveedhi V, Boadi W, Driggins SN, 2018. The effect of Onosma bracteatum in cancer cells. MOJ Bioequiv Availab, 5(6): 321-325.
Aliyazicioglu R, Demir S, Badem M, Sener SO, Korkmaz N, Demir EA, Ozgen U, Karaoglu SA, Aliyazicioglu Y, 2017. Antioxidant, antigenotoxic, antimicrobial activities and phytochemical analysis of Dianthus carmelitarum. Rec Nat Prod, 11(3): 270-284.
Aliyazicioglu Y, Demir S, Yaman SO, Sener SO, Demir EA, Aliyazicioglu R, Turan I, 2019. Phytochemical analysis of Dorycnium pentaphyllum and its antiproliferative effect on cervix cancer cells. KSU J Agric Nat, 22(Suppl 2): 365-373.
Asadi-Samani M, Rafieian-Kopaei M, Lorigooini Z, Shirzad H, 2019. A screening of anti breast cancer effects and antioxidant activity of twenty medicinal plants gathered from Chaharmahal va Bakhtyari province, Iran. J Pharm Pharmacogn Res, 7(3): 213-222.
Boulos JC, Rahama M, Hegazy MEF, Efferth T, 2019. Shikonin derivatives for cancer prevention and therapy. Cancer Lett, 459: 248-267.
Calhan SD, Gundogan M, 2019. Evaluation of changes in the biological activity of Onosma sericeum Willd (Boraginaceae) based on collection time and extraction solvent, and determination of its mineral and trace element composition. JOTCSA, 6(3): 355-364.
Demir S, Turan I, Aliyazicioglu R, Ozer Yaman S, Aliyazicioglu Y, 2018a. Primula vulgaris extract induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human cervix cancer cells. J Pharm Anal, 8: 307-311.
Demir S, Turan I, Aliyazicioglu Y, 2018b. Cytotoxic effect of Rhododendron luteum leaf extract on human cancer cell lines. KSU J Agric Nat, 21(6): 950-956.
Demir S, Turan I, Aliyazicioglu Y, 2019a. Antioxidant properties of Primula vulgaris flower extract and its cytotoxic effect on human cancer cell lines. KSU J Agric Nat, 22(1): 78-84.
Demir S, Turan I, Misir S, Aliyazicioglu Y, 2019b. Selective cytotoxic effect of Dorycnium pentaphyllum extract on human breast, liver, and lung cancer cells. KSU J Agric Nat, 22(3): 473-479.
Demir S, Ozer Yaman S, Sener SO, Ayazoglu Demir E, Aliyazicioglu R, Ozgen U, Mentese A, Deger O, Aliyazicioglu Y, 2020. Dorycnium pentaphyllum extract has antiproliferative effect on human cervix and colon cancer cells. Nutr Cancer, 72(3): 504-512.
de Oliveira PF, Damasceno JL, Bertanha CS, Araújo AR, Pauletti PM, Tavares DC, 2016. Study of the cytotoxic activity of Styrax camporum extract and its chemical markers, egonol and homoegonol. Cytotechnology, 68(4): 1597-1602.
Ebrahimzadeh MA, Nabavi SF, Nabavi SM, Eslami B, Asgarirad H, 2010. In vitro antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity of Leonurus cardiaca subsp. Persicus, Grammosciadium platycarpum and Onosma demawendicum. Afr J Biotechnol, 9(51): 8865-8871.
Engel N, Ali I, Adamus A, Frank M, Dad A, Ali S, Nebe B, Atif M, Ismail M, Langer P, Ahmad VU, 2016. Antitumor evaluation of two selected Pakistani plant extracts on human bone and breast cancer cell lines. BMC Complement Altern Med, 16: 244.
Erdoğan MK, Gecibesler IH, Behcet L, 2020. Chemical constituents, antioxidant, antiproliferative and apoptotic effects of a newendemic Boraginaceae species: Paracaryum bingoelianum. Results in Chemistry, 2: 100032.
Gharib A, Godarzee M, 2016. Determination of secondary metabolites and antioxidant activity of some Boraginaceae species growing in Iran. Trop J Pharm Res, 15(11): 2459-2465.
Khaledi M, Khaledi F, Asadi-Samani M, Gholipour A, Kouhi AM, 2018. Phytochemical evaluation and antibacterial effects of Medicago sativa, Onosma sericeum, Parietaria judaica L., Phlomis persica and Echinophora platyloba DC. on Enterococcus faecalis. Biomed Res Ther, 5(1): 1941-1951.
Kumar N, Kumar R, Kishore K, 2013. Onosma L.: A review of phytochemistry and ethnopharmacology. Pharmacogn Rev, 7: 140-151.
Mazandarani M, Moghaddam PZ, Baiat H, Zolfaghari MR, Ghaemi EA, Hemati H, 2011. Antioxidant activity, phenol, flavonoid and anthocyanin contents in various extracts of Onosma dichroanthum Boiss. in north of Iran. Iran J Plant Physiol, 1(3): 169-176.
Misir S, Aliyazicioglu Y, Demir S, Turan I, Yaman SO, Deger O, 2018. Antioxidant properties and protective effect of Turkish propolis on t-BHP-induced oxidative stress in foreskin fibroblast cells. IJPER, 52(1): 94-100.
Moghaddam PZ, Mazandarani M, Zolfaghari MR, Badeleh MT, Ghaemi EA, 2012. Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of root extract of Onosma dichroanthum Boiss. in north of Iran. Afr J Microbiol Res, 6(8): 1776-1781.
Moreno MI, Isla MI, Sampietro AR, Vattuone MA, 2000. Comparison of the free radical-scavenging activity of propolis from several regions of Argentina. J Ethnopharmacol, 71(1-2): 109-114.
Mosmann T, 1983. Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays. J Immunol Methods, 65: 55-63.
Oyaizu M, 1986. Studies on product of browning reaction prepared from glucose amine. Jpn J Nutr, 44: 307-315. Ozgen U, Coskun M, Kazaz C, Secen H, 2004. Naphthoquinones from the roots of Onosma argentatum Hub.- Mor. (Boraginaceae). Turk J Chem, 28: 451-454.
Ozkan MT, Aliyazicioglu R, Demir S, Misir S, Turan I, Yildirmis S, Aliyazicioglu Y, 2017. Phenolic characterisation and antioxidant activity of Primula vulgaris and its antigenotoxic effect on fibroblast cells. Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod, 12(1): e40073.
Pereyra CE, Dantas RF, Ferreira SB, Gomes LP, Silva-Jr FP, 2019. The diverse mechanisms and anticancer potential of naphthoquinones. Cancer Cell Int, 19: 207.
Poma P, Labbozzetta M, Notarbartolo M, Bruno M, Maggio A, Rosselli S, Sajeva M, Zito P, 2018. Chemical composition, in vitro antitumor and pro-oxidant activities of Glandora rosmarinifolia (Boraginaceae) essential oil. PLoS One, 13(5): e0196947.
Singh R, 2015. Medicinal plants: A review. J Plant Sci, 3: 50-55.
Sivaci A, Binzet R, Duman S, Teke HI, 2015. The determination of total antioxidant activity, phenolics and pigments during vegetative and reproductive periods of Onosma species. Bulg J Agric Sci, 21: 261-265.
Slinkard K, Singleton VL, 1977. Total phenol analysis: automation and comparison with manual methods. Am J Enol Viticult, 28: 49-55.
Stanković JSK, Ceylan R, Zengin G, Matić S, Jurić T, Diuzheva A, Jeko J, Cziáky Z, Aktumsek A, 2020. Multiple biological activities of two Onosma species (O. sericea and O. stenoloba) and HPLC-MS/MS characterization of their phytochemical composition. Ind Crops Prod, 144: 112053.
Turan I, Demir S, Kilinc K, Aliyazicioglu Y, Alver A, Misir S, Ozer Yaman S, Akbulut K, Mentese A, Deger O, 2017. Morus rubra extract induces G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human lung and prostate cancer cells. IJPER, 51(1): 51-58.
Turan I, Demir S, Kilinc K, Yaman SO, Misir S, Kara H, Genc B, Mentese A, Aliyazicioglu Y, Deger O, 2018. Cytotoxic effect of Rosa canina extract on human colon cancer cells through repression of telomerase expression. J Pharm Anal, 8(6): 394-399.
Turan I, Demir S, Aliyazicioglu R, Kilinc K, Ozer Yaman S, Akbulut Cakiroglu K, Kanbolat S, Ayazoglu Demir E, Mentese A, Aliyazicioglu Y, Deger O, 2019. Dimethyl sulfoxide extract of Dianthus carmelitarum induces S phase arrest and apoptosis in human colon cancer cells. Nutr Cancer, 71(7): 1181-1188.
Turkmen S, Cekic Gonenc O, Karaca Y, Mentese A, Demir S, Beyhun E, Sahin A, Gunduz A, Yulug E, Turedi S, 2016. The effect of ethyl pyruvate and N-acetylcysteine on ischemia-reperfusion injury in an experimental model of ischemic stroke. Am J Emerg Med, 34(9): 1804-1807.
Vukic MD, Vukovic NL, Obradovic AD, Popovic SL, Zaric MM, Djurdjevic PM, Markovic SD, Baskic DD, 2018. Naphthoquinone rich Onosma visianii Clem (Boraginaceae) root extracts induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in HCT-116 and MDA-MB-231 cancer cell lines. Nat Prod Res, 32(22): 2712-2716.
Wang F, Yao X, Zhang Y, Tang J, 2019. Synthesis, biological function and evaluation of shikonin in cancer therapy. Fitoterapia, 134: 329-339.
Wellington KW, 2015. Understanding cancer and the anticancer activities of naphthoquinones-a review. RSC Adv, 5: 20309-20338.
Yalcin CO, Aliyazicioglu Y, Demir S, Turan I, Bahat Z, Misir S, Deger O, 2016. Evaluation of the radioprotective effect of Turkish propolis on foreskin fibroblast cells. J Cancer Res Ther, 12(2): 990-994.
Zhou Y, Zheng J, Li Y, Xu DP, Li S, Chen YM, Li HB, 2016. Natural polyphenols for prevention and treatment of cancer. Nutrients, 8(8): 515.

Evaluation of Cytotoxic Effect of Onosma armeniacum Extract on Various Cancer Cells

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 24 Sayı: 2, 252 - 259, 30.04.2021

Selim Demir , Elif Ayazoglu Demir , İbrahim Turan , Ufuk Özgen

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.729814

Cited By: 6

Öz

The aim of this study was to investigate the antioxidant properties of the root extract of Onosma armeniacum and its cytotoxic effect against human liver (HepG2), lung (A549) and colon (WiDr) cancer cell lines compared with a normal fibroblast cell line. Antioxidant properties of the extract was determined using the colorimetric methods. The cytotoxic effect of the extract were investigated using MTT assay. The total phenolic content and reducing power values of extract were 26.1±0.4 mg gallic acid equivalent and 52.6±1.1 mg trolox equivalent per g sample, respectively. The extract exhibited selective cytotoxic effect in all studied cancer cell lines, especially HepG2 (3.6-fold). The results of this study reveal that O. armeniacum, which has been found to have acceptable antioxidant and cytotoxic effects, should be examined with more comprehensive studies.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Antioxidant activity, Cancer, Cell culture, Cytotoxicity, Onosma armeniacum

Kaynakça

Abotaleb M, Samuel SM, Varghese E, Varghese S, Kubatka P, Liskova A, Büsselberg D, 2019. Flavonoids in cancer and apoptosis. Cancers (Basel), 11(1): 28.
Aïssaoui H, Mencherini T, Esposito T, De Tommasi N, Gazzerro P, Benayache S, Benayache F, Mekkiou R, 2019. Heliotropium bacciferum Forssk. (Boraginaceae) extracts: chemical constituents, antioxidant activity and cytotoxic effect in human cancer cell lines. Nat Prod Res, 33(12): 1813-1818.
Albaqami J, Myles EL, Tiriveedhi V, Boadi W, Driggins SN, 2018. The effect of Onosma bracteatum in cancer cells. MOJ Bioequiv Availab, 5(6): 321-325.
Aliyazicioglu R, Demir S, Badem M, Sener SO, Korkmaz N, Demir EA, Ozgen U, Karaoglu SA, Aliyazicioglu Y, 2017. Antioxidant, antigenotoxic, antimicrobial activities and phytochemical analysis of Dianthus carmelitarum. Rec Nat Prod, 11(3): 270-284.
Aliyazicioglu Y, Demir S, Yaman SO, Sener SO, Demir EA, Aliyazicioglu R, Turan I, 2019. Phytochemical analysis of Dorycnium pentaphyllum and its antiproliferative effect on cervix cancer cells. KSU J Agric Nat, 22(Suppl 2): 365-373.
Asadi-Samani M, Rafieian-Kopaei M, Lorigooini Z, Shirzad H, 2019. A screening of anti breast cancer effects and antioxidant activity of twenty medicinal plants gathered from Chaharmahal va Bakhtyari province, Iran. J Pharm Pharmacogn Res, 7(3): 213-222.
Boulos JC, Rahama M, Hegazy MEF, Efferth T, 2019. Shikonin derivatives for cancer prevention and therapy. Cancer Lett, 459: 248-267.
Calhan SD, Gundogan M, 2019. Evaluation of changes in the biological activity of Onosma sericeum Willd (Boraginaceae) based on collection time and extraction solvent, and determination of its mineral and trace element composition. JOTCSA, 6(3): 355-364.
Demir S, Turan I, Aliyazicioglu R, Ozer Yaman S, Aliyazicioglu Y, 2018a. Primula vulgaris extract induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human cervix cancer cells. J Pharm Anal, 8: 307-311.
Demir S, Turan I, Aliyazicioglu Y, 2018b. Cytotoxic effect of Rhododendron luteum leaf extract on human cancer cell lines. KSU J Agric Nat, 21(6): 950-956.
Demir S, Turan I, Aliyazicioglu Y, 2019a. Antioxidant properties of Primula vulgaris flower extract and its cytotoxic effect on human cancer cell lines. KSU J Agric Nat, 22(1): 78-84.
Demir S, Turan I, Misir S, Aliyazicioglu Y, 2019b. Selective cytotoxic effect of Dorycnium pentaphyllum extract on human breast, liver, and lung cancer cells. KSU J Agric Nat, 22(3): 473-479.
Demir S, Ozer Yaman S, Sener SO, Ayazoglu Demir E, Aliyazicioglu R, Ozgen U, Mentese A, Deger O, Aliyazicioglu Y, 2020. Dorycnium pentaphyllum extract has antiproliferative effect on human cervix and colon cancer cells. Nutr Cancer, 72(3): 504-512.
de Oliveira PF, Damasceno JL, Bertanha CS, Araújo AR, Pauletti PM, Tavares DC, 2016. Study of the cytotoxic activity of Styrax camporum extract and its chemical markers, egonol and homoegonol. Cytotechnology, 68(4): 1597-1602.
Ebrahimzadeh MA, Nabavi SF, Nabavi SM, Eslami B, Asgarirad H, 2010. In vitro antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity of Leonurus cardiaca subsp. Persicus, Grammosciadium platycarpum and Onosma demawendicum. Afr J Biotechnol, 9(51): 8865-8871.
Engel N, Ali I, Adamus A, Frank M, Dad A, Ali S, Nebe B, Atif M, Ismail M, Langer P, Ahmad VU, 2016. Antitumor evaluation of two selected Pakistani plant extracts on human bone and breast cancer cell lines. BMC Complement Altern Med, 16: 244.
Erdoğan MK, Gecibesler IH, Behcet L, 2020. Chemical constituents, antioxidant, antiproliferative and apoptotic effects of a newendemic Boraginaceae species: Paracaryum bingoelianum. Results in Chemistry, 2: 100032.
Gharib A, Godarzee M, 2016. Determination of secondary metabolites and antioxidant activity of some Boraginaceae species growing in Iran. Trop J Pharm Res, 15(11): 2459-2465.
Khaledi M, Khaledi F, Asadi-Samani M, Gholipour A, Kouhi AM, 2018. Phytochemical evaluation and antibacterial effects of Medicago sativa, Onosma sericeum, Parietaria judaica L., Phlomis persica and Echinophora platyloba DC. on Enterococcus faecalis. Biomed Res Ther, 5(1): 1941-1951.
Kumar N, Kumar R, Kishore K, 2013. Onosma L.: A review of phytochemistry and ethnopharmacology. Pharmacogn Rev, 7: 140-151.
Mazandarani M, Moghaddam PZ, Baiat H, Zolfaghari MR, Ghaemi EA, Hemati H, 2011. Antioxidant activity, phenol, flavonoid and anthocyanin contents in various extracts of Onosma dichroanthum Boiss. in north of Iran. Iran J Plant Physiol, 1(3): 169-176.
Misir S, Aliyazicioglu Y, Demir S, Turan I, Yaman SO, Deger O, 2018. Antioxidant properties and protective effect of Turkish propolis on t-BHP-induced oxidative stress in foreskin fibroblast cells. IJPER, 52(1): 94-100.
Moghaddam PZ, Mazandarani M, Zolfaghari MR, Badeleh MT, Ghaemi EA, 2012. Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of root extract of Onosma dichroanthum Boiss. in north of Iran. Afr J Microbiol Res, 6(8): 1776-1781.
Moreno MI, Isla MI, Sampietro AR, Vattuone MA, 2000. Comparison of the free radical-scavenging activity of propolis from several regions of Argentina. J Ethnopharmacol, 71(1-2): 109-114.
Mosmann T, 1983. Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays. J Immunol Methods, 65: 55-63.
Oyaizu M, 1986. Studies on product of browning reaction prepared from glucose amine. Jpn J Nutr, 44: 307-315. Ozgen U, Coskun M, Kazaz C, Secen H, 2004. Naphthoquinones from the roots of Onosma argentatum Hub.- Mor. (Boraginaceae). Turk J Chem, 28: 451-454.
Ozkan MT, Aliyazicioglu R, Demir S, Misir S, Turan I, Yildirmis S, Aliyazicioglu Y, 2017. Phenolic characterisation and antioxidant activity of Primula vulgaris and its antigenotoxic effect on fibroblast cells. Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod, 12(1): e40073.
Pereyra CE, Dantas RF, Ferreira SB, Gomes LP, Silva-Jr FP, 2019. The diverse mechanisms and anticancer potential of naphthoquinones. Cancer Cell Int, 19: 207.
Poma P, Labbozzetta M, Notarbartolo M, Bruno M, Maggio A, Rosselli S, Sajeva M, Zito P, 2018. Chemical composition, in vitro antitumor and pro-oxidant activities of Glandora rosmarinifolia (Boraginaceae) essential oil. PLoS One, 13(5): e0196947.
Singh R, 2015. Medicinal plants: A review. J Plant Sci, 3: 50-55.
Sivaci A, Binzet R, Duman S, Teke HI, 2015. The determination of total antioxidant activity, phenolics and pigments during vegetative and reproductive periods of Onosma species. Bulg J Agric Sci, 21: 261-265.
Slinkard K, Singleton VL, 1977. Total phenol analysis: automation and comparison with manual methods. Am J Enol Viticult, 28: 49-55.
Stanković JSK, Ceylan R, Zengin G, Matić S, Jurić T, Diuzheva A, Jeko J, Cziáky Z, Aktumsek A, 2020. Multiple biological activities of two Onosma species (O. sericea and O. stenoloba) and HPLC-MS/MS characterization of their phytochemical composition. Ind Crops Prod, 144: 112053.
Turan I, Demir S, Kilinc K, Aliyazicioglu Y, Alver A, Misir S, Ozer Yaman S, Akbulut K, Mentese A, Deger O, 2017. Morus rubra extract induces G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human lung and prostate cancer cells. IJPER, 51(1): 51-58.
Turan I, Demir S, Kilinc K, Yaman SO, Misir S, Kara H, Genc B, Mentese A, Aliyazicioglu Y, Deger O, 2018. Cytotoxic effect of Rosa canina extract on human colon cancer cells through repression of telomerase expression. J Pharm Anal, 8(6): 394-399.
Turan I, Demir S, Aliyazicioglu R, Kilinc K, Ozer Yaman S, Akbulut Cakiroglu K, Kanbolat S, Ayazoglu Demir E, Mentese A, Aliyazicioglu Y, Deger O, 2019. Dimethyl sulfoxide extract of Dianthus carmelitarum induces S phase arrest and apoptosis in human colon cancer cells. Nutr Cancer, 71(7): 1181-1188.
Turkmen S, Cekic Gonenc O, Karaca Y, Mentese A, Demir S, Beyhun E, Sahin A, Gunduz A, Yulug E, Turedi S, 2016. The effect of ethyl pyruvate and N-acetylcysteine on ischemia-reperfusion injury in an experimental model of ischemic stroke. Am J Emerg Med, 34(9): 1804-1807.
Vukic MD, Vukovic NL, Obradovic AD, Popovic SL, Zaric MM, Djurdjevic PM, Markovic SD, Baskic DD, 2018. Naphthoquinone rich Onosma visianii Clem (Boraginaceae) root extracts induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in HCT-116 and MDA-MB-231 cancer cell lines. Nat Prod Res, 32(22): 2712-2716.
Wang F, Yao X, Zhang Y, Tang J, 2019. Synthesis, biological function and evaluation of shikonin in cancer therapy. Fitoterapia, 134: 329-339.
Wellington KW, 2015. Understanding cancer and the anticancer activities of naphthoquinones-a review. RSC Adv, 5: 20309-20338.
Yalcin CO, Aliyazicioglu Y, Demir S, Turan I, Bahat Z, Misir S, Deger O, 2016. Evaluation of the radioprotective effect of Turkish propolis on foreskin fibroblast cells. J Cancer Res Ther, 12(2): 990-994.
Zhou Y, Zheng J, Li Y, Xu DP, Li S, Chen YM, Li HB, 2016. Natural polyphenols for prevention and treatment of cancer. Nutrients, 8(8): 515.

Toplam 42 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil	İngilizce
Konular	Yapısal Biyoloji
Bölüm	ARAŞTIRMA MAKALESİ (Research Article)
Yazarlar	Selim Demir 0000-0002-1863-6280 Elif Ayazoglu Demir 0000-0001-9027-7633 İbrahim Turan 0000-0003-3400-5494 Ufuk Özgen 0000-0001-9839-6717
Yayımlanma Tarihi	30 Nisan 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi	30 Nisan 2020
Kabul Tarihi	18 Haziran 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı	Yıl 2021Cilt: 24 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA	Demir, S., Ayazoglu Demir, E., Turan, İ., Özgen, U. (2021). Evaluation of Cytotoxic Effect of Onosma armeniacum Extract on Various Cancer Cells. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım Ve Doğa Dergisi, 24(2), 252-259. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.729814