Efficacies of Entomopathogenic Fungi from Metarhizium, Beauveria and Isaria on German cockroach, Blattella germanica (L.) (Blattaria: Blattellidae)
Öz
Blattella germanica is an important pest and able to transmit various pathogens and parasites of human, cause allergic reactions and food contamination. Due to risks and problems related to currently employed chemicals for their control, use of entomopathogenic fungi as alternative control approach has been under investigation. In this study, seven entomopathogenic fungi isolated from soil samples and five fungal isolates obtained from entomopathogenic fungal cultures have been tested against B. germanica. The fungi belong to the species Beauveria bassiana (3 isolates), Metarhizium anisopliae (4 isolates), Isaria tenuipes (1 isolate), I. fumosorosea (3 isolates), and I. farinosa (1 isolate). Conidial suspensions of all twelve isolates were applied at 1x107 conidia ml-1 concentration to ten insects in each replication. Tests were carried out at 26±2oC, 65±5% relative humidity in darkness with three replications. Eight isolates were found effective on B. germanica with mortalities varying between 60.0% and 96.7% in 14 days. The results indicated that Metarhizium isolates had the highest efficacies (83.3-95.8%) followed by Beauveria isolates (70.8-79.2%) and the isolates of Isaria had the lowest efficacies (50.0-70.8%). These isolates were as effective as the previously reported isolates of the same species with higher efficacy values. The most effective two isolates of M. anisopliae (S8-2 and S11-6) appear to be worth investigating further for developing a microbial control agent against cockroaches.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Cockroaches Biological control Microbial control Hypocreales Cordysipitaceae
Destekleyen Kurum
TÜBİTAK
Proje Numarası
110O159
Teşekkür
Thanks to Dr. Richard A. Humber for providing entomopathogenic fungal cultures from USDA ARS Collection of Entomopathogenic Fungal Culture Collection
Kaynakça
- Abbott WS 1925. A method of computing the effectiveness of an insecticide. Journal of Economic Entomology, 18: 265-267.
- Abedi A, Dayer MS 2006. Evaluation of the effect of the fungus Metarhizium anisopliae, as a biological control agent, on German cockroaches Blattella germanica. Pathobiology Research, 8: 31-36.
- Ahmad A, Ghosh A, Schal C, Zurek L 2011. Insects in confined swine operations carry a large antibiotic resistant and potentially virulent enterococcal community. BMC Microbiology, 11: 23.
- Chaurasia A, Lone Y, Wani O, Gupta US 2015. Effect of certain entomopathogenic fungi on oxidative stress and mortality of Periplaneta americana. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 127: 28–37.
- Chang KS, Jung JS, Park C, Lee HI, Lee WG, Lee DK, Shin EH 2009. Insecticide susceptibility and resistance of Blattella germanica (Blattaria: Blattellidae) in Seoul, Republic of Korea, 2007. Entomological Research, 39, 243–247.
- Chang KS, Shin EH, Jung JS, Park C, Ahn YJ 2010. Monitoring for insecticide resistance in field-collected populations of Blattella germanica (Blattaria: Blattellidae). Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology, 13: 309–312.
- Dayer MS, Karvandian K 2016. Toxicity of Metarhizium anisopliae (Deuteromycota: Hyphomycetes) and boric acid against nosocomial cockroaches, Blattella germanica. Arthropods, 5: 114–124.
- DeVries ZC, Santangelo RG, Crissman J, Suazo A, Kakumanu ML, Schal C 2019. Pervasive resistance to pyrethroids in German cockroaches (Blattodea: Ectobiidae) related to lack of efficacy of total release foggers. Journal of Economic Entomology, 112: 2295–2301.
- Fardisi M, Gondhalekar AD, Ashbrook AR, Scharf ME 2019. Rapid evolutionary responses to insecticide resistance management interventions by the German cockroach (Blattella germanica L.). Scientific Reports, 9: 8292.
- Graczyk TK, Knight R, Tamang L 2005. Mechanical transmission of human protozoan parasites by insects. Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 18: 128–132.
- Gutierrez AC, Garcia JJ, Alzogaray RA, Urrutia MI, López Lastra CC 2014. Susceptibility of different life stages of Blattella germanica (Blattodea: Blattellidae) and Periplaneta fuliginosa (Blattodea: Blattidae) to entomopathogenic fungi. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 3: 614-621.
- Gutierrez AC, Golebiowski M, Pennisi M, Peterson G, Garcia JJ, Manfrino RG, López Lastra CC 2015. Cuticle fatty acid composition and differential susceptibility of three species of cockroaches to the entomopathogenic fungi Metarhizium anisopliae (Ascomycota, Hypocreales). Journal of Economic Entomology, 108: 752–760.
- Gutierrez AC, Machado JAR, Hubner-Campos R, Pennisi MA, Rodrigues J, Lopez Lastra CC, Garcia JJ, Fernandes EKK, Luz C 2016. New insights into the infection of the American cockroach Periplaneta americana nymphs with Metarhizium anisopliae s.l. (Ascomycota: Hypocreales). Journal of Applied Microbiology, 121: 1373–1383.
- Hubner-Campos RF, Leles RN, Rodrigues J, Luz C 2013. Efficacy of entomopathogenic hypocrealean fungi against Periplaneta americana. Parasitology International, 62: 517–521.
- Kaakeh W, Reid BL, Bennett GW 1996. Horizontal transmission of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae (Imperfect Fungi: Hyphomycetes) and hydramethylnon among German cockroaches (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae). Journal of Entomological Science, 31: 378–390.
- Kaakeh W, Reid BL, Bohnert TJ, Bennett GW 1997. Toxicity of imidacloprid in the German cockroach (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae), and the synergism between imidacloprid and Metarhizium anisopliae (Imperfect fungi: Hyphomycetes). Journal of Economic Entomology, 90: 473–482.
- Kassiri H, Zarrin M, Veys-Behbahani R 2018. Pathogenic fungal species associated with digestive system of Periplaneta americana (Blattaria: Blattidae) trapped from residential dwellings in Ahvaz city, southwestern Iran. Journal of Arthropod Borne Diseases, 12: 16–23.
- Lopes RB, Alves SB 2011. Differential susceptibility of adults and nymphs of Blattella germanica (L.) (Blattodea: Blattellidae) to infection by Metarhizium anisopliae and assessment of delivery strategies. Neotropical Entomology, 40: 368–374.
- Mohan CM, Lakshmi KA, Devi KU 1999. Laboratory evaluation of the pathogenicity of three isolates of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuillemin on the American cockroach (Periplaneta americana). Biocontrol Science and Technology, 9: 29-33.
- Montalva C, Collier K, Rocha LFN, Inglis PW, Lopes RB, Luz C, Humber RA 2016. A natural fungal infection of a sylvatic cockroach with Metarhizium blattodeae sp. nov., a member of the M. flavoviride species complex. Fungal Biology, 120: 655–665.
- Pachamuthu P, Kamble ST, Yuen GY 1999. Virulence of Metarhizium anisopliae (Deuteromycotina: Hyphomycetes) strain ESC-1 to the German cockroach (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae) and its compatibility with insecticides. Journal of Economic Entomology, 92: 340–346.
- Pachamuthu P, Kamble ST 2000. In vivo study on combined toxicity of Metarhizium anisopliae (Deuteromycotina: Hyphomycetes) strain ESC-1 with sublethal doses of chlorpyrifos, propetamphos, and cyfluthrin against German cockroach (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 93: 60–70.
- Pan XY, Zhang F 2020. Advances in Biological Control of the German cockroach, Blattella germanica (L.). Biological Control, 142: 104104.
- Pereira RM, Oi DH, Baggio MV, Koehler PG 2017. Microbial control of structural insect pests. In: L A Lacey (Ed.), Microbial Control of Insect and Mite Pests: From Theory to Practice, Elsevier, New York, pp. 431–442.
- Pomes A, Schal C 2020. Cockroach and other inhalant insect allergens. In: R F Lockey, D K Ledford (Eds.), Allergens and Allergen Immunotherapy: Subcutaneous, sublingual, and oral. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, Boca Raton.
- Quesada-Moraga E, Santos-Quiros R, Valverde-Garcia P, Santiago-Alvarez C, 2004. Virulence, horizontal transmission, and sublethal reproductive effects of Metarhizium anisopliae (anamorphic fungi) on the German cockroach (Blattodea: Blattellidae). Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 87: 51-58.
- Saitou K, Furuhata K, Kawakami Y, Fukuyama M 2009. Isolation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from cockroaches Captured in hospitals in Japan, and their antibiotic susceptibility. Biocontrol Science, 14: 155–159.
- Salehzadeh A, Tavacol P, Mahjub H 2007. Bacterial, fungal and parasitic contamination of cockroaches in public hospitals of Hamadan, Iran. Journal of Vector Borne Diseases, 44: 105–110.
- Sheih A, Parks WC, Ziegler SF 2017. GM-CSF produced by the airway epithelium is required for sensitization to cockroach allergen. Mucosal Immunology, 10: 705–715.
- Suiter DR 1997. Biological suppression of synanthropic cockroaches. Journal of Agricultural Entomology, 14: 259–270.
- Wannigama DL, Dwivedi R, Zahraei-Ramazani A 2014. Prevalence and antibiotic resistance of gram-negative pathogenic bacteria species isolated from Periplaneta americana and Blattella germanica in Varanasi, India. Journal of Arthropod-Borne Diseases, 8: 10–20.
- Wu X, Appel AG 2017. Insecticide resistance of several field-collected German cockroach (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae) strains. Journal of Economic Entomology, 110: 1203–1209.
- Yang CL, Zhu HY, Zhang F 2019. Comparative proteomics analysis between the short-term stress and long-term adaptation of the Blattella germanica (Blattodea: Blattellidae) in response to beta-cypermethrin. Journal of Economic Entomology, 112: 1396-1402.
- Yang R, Zhang M, Schal C, Jiang M, Cai T, Zhang F 2021. Boric acid enhances Metarhizium anisopliae virulence in Blattella germanica (L.) by disrupting the gut and altering its microbial community. Biological Control, 152: 104430.
- Zhang F, Sun XX, Zhang XC, Zhang S, Lu J, Xia YM, Huang YH, Wang XJ 2018a. The interactions between gut microbiota and entomopathogenic fungi: a potential approach for biological control of Blattella germanica (L.). Pest Management Science, 74: 438–447.
- Zhang XC, Li XX, Gong YW, Li YR, Zhang KL, Huang YH, Zhang F 2018b. Isolation, identification, and virulence of a new Metarhizium anisopliae strain on the German cockroach. Journal of Economic Entomology, 111: 2611–2616.
- Zhu F, Lavine L, O’Neal S, Lavine M, Foss C, Walsh D 2016. Insecticide resistance and management strategies in urban ecosystems. Insects, 7: 2.
- Zurek L, Watson DW, Sehal C 2002. Synergism between Metarhizium anisopliae (Deuteromyeota: Hyphomycetes) and boric acid against the German cockroach (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae). Biological Control, 23: 296–302.
Metarhizium, Beauveria ve Isaria’ya Bağlı Entomopatojen Fungusların Alman Hamamböceğine, Blattella germanica (L.) (Blattaria: Blattellidae), Etkinlikleri
Öz
Blattella germanica önemli bir zararlı olup insanların patojen ve parazitlerini taşıyabilmekte, alerjik reaksiyonlara ve yiyecek kontaminasyonlarına neden olabilmektedir. Mücadelesinde bugün için kullanılan kimyasallarla ilişkili riskler ve problemlerden dolayı alternatif yaklaşım olarak entomopatojen fungusların kullanımı araştırılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, toprak örneklerinden izole edilmiş yedi ve entomopatojen fungus kültürlerinden beş entomopatojen fungus izolatı B. germanica’ya karşı test edilmiştir. Bu funguslar Beauveria bassiana (3 izolat), Metarhizium anisopliae (4 izolat), Isaria tenuipes (1 izolat), I. fumosorosea (3 izolat), ve I. farinosa (1 izolat) türlerinde yer almaktadır. Tüm izolatlara ait konidi süspansiyonları 1x107 konidi ml-1 konsantrasyonunda her tekerrürde on böceğe uygulanmıştır. Testler 26±2oC, %65±5 nispi nemde karanlıkta üç tekerrürlü olarak yürütülmüştür. B. germanica’ ya karşı etkili bulunan sekiz izolat 14 günde %60.0 ve %96.7 arasında değişen ölümlere neden olmuştur. Sonuçlar Metarhizium izolatlarının en yüksek etkinliğe (%83.3-95.8) sahip olduğunu, bunu Beauveria izolatlarının (%70.8-79.2) izlediğini ve en düşük etkinliğe Isaria izolatlarının (%50.0-70.8) sahip olduğunu işaret etmektedir. Bu izolatlar aynı türden raporlanmış önceki izolatlar kadar virülent olup daha yüksek etkinlik değerleri elde edilmiştir. M. anisopliae’ nın en etkili iki izolatı (S8-2 ve S11-6) hamamböceğine karşı mücadele etmeni olarak geliştirilmek için üzerinde çalışılmaya değer mikrobiyal mücadele etmenleri olarak tespit edilmiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Hamamböceği Biyolojik mücadele Mikrobiyal mücadele Hypocreales Cordysipitaceae
Proje Numarası
110O159
Kaynakça
- Abbott WS 1925. A method of computing the effectiveness of an insecticide. Journal of Economic Entomology, 18: 265-267.
- Abedi A, Dayer MS 2006. Evaluation of the effect of the fungus Metarhizium anisopliae, as a biological control agent, on German cockroaches Blattella germanica. Pathobiology Research, 8: 31-36.
- Ahmad A, Ghosh A, Schal C, Zurek L 2011. Insects in confined swine operations carry a large antibiotic resistant and potentially virulent enterococcal community. BMC Microbiology, 11: 23.
- Chaurasia A, Lone Y, Wani O, Gupta US 2015. Effect of certain entomopathogenic fungi on oxidative stress and mortality of Periplaneta americana. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 127: 28–37.
- Chang KS, Jung JS, Park C, Lee HI, Lee WG, Lee DK, Shin EH 2009. Insecticide susceptibility and resistance of Blattella germanica (Blattaria: Blattellidae) in Seoul, Republic of Korea, 2007. Entomological Research, 39, 243–247.
- Chang KS, Shin EH, Jung JS, Park C, Ahn YJ 2010. Monitoring for insecticide resistance in field-collected populations of Blattella germanica (Blattaria: Blattellidae). Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology, 13: 309–312.
- Dayer MS, Karvandian K 2016. Toxicity of Metarhizium anisopliae (Deuteromycota: Hyphomycetes) and boric acid against nosocomial cockroaches, Blattella germanica. Arthropods, 5: 114–124.
- DeVries ZC, Santangelo RG, Crissman J, Suazo A, Kakumanu ML, Schal C 2019. Pervasive resistance to pyrethroids in German cockroaches (Blattodea: Ectobiidae) related to lack of efficacy of total release foggers. Journal of Economic Entomology, 112: 2295–2301.
- Fardisi M, Gondhalekar AD, Ashbrook AR, Scharf ME 2019. Rapid evolutionary responses to insecticide resistance management interventions by the German cockroach (Blattella germanica L.). Scientific Reports, 9: 8292.
- Graczyk TK, Knight R, Tamang L 2005. Mechanical transmission of human protozoan parasites by insects. Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 18: 128–132.
- Gutierrez AC, Garcia JJ, Alzogaray RA, Urrutia MI, López Lastra CC 2014. Susceptibility of different life stages of Blattella germanica (Blattodea: Blattellidae) and Periplaneta fuliginosa (Blattodea: Blattidae) to entomopathogenic fungi. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 3: 614-621.
- Gutierrez AC, Golebiowski M, Pennisi M, Peterson G, Garcia JJ, Manfrino RG, López Lastra CC 2015. Cuticle fatty acid composition and differential susceptibility of three species of cockroaches to the entomopathogenic fungi Metarhizium anisopliae (Ascomycota, Hypocreales). Journal of Economic Entomology, 108: 752–760.
- Gutierrez AC, Machado JAR, Hubner-Campos R, Pennisi MA, Rodrigues J, Lopez Lastra CC, Garcia JJ, Fernandes EKK, Luz C 2016. New insights into the infection of the American cockroach Periplaneta americana nymphs with Metarhizium anisopliae s.l. (Ascomycota: Hypocreales). Journal of Applied Microbiology, 121: 1373–1383.
- Hubner-Campos RF, Leles RN, Rodrigues J, Luz C 2013. Efficacy of entomopathogenic hypocrealean fungi against Periplaneta americana. Parasitology International, 62: 517–521.
- Kaakeh W, Reid BL, Bennett GW 1996. Horizontal transmission of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae (Imperfect Fungi: Hyphomycetes) and hydramethylnon among German cockroaches (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae). Journal of Entomological Science, 31: 378–390.
- Kaakeh W, Reid BL, Bohnert TJ, Bennett GW 1997. Toxicity of imidacloprid in the German cockroach (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae), and the synergism between imidacloprid and Metarhizium anisopliae (Imperfect fungi: Hyphomycetes). Journal of Economic Entomology, 90: 473–482.
- Kassiri H, Zarrin M, Veys-Behbahani R 2018. Pathogenic fungal species associated with digestive system of Periplaneta americana (Blattaria: Blattidae) trapped from residential dwellings in Ahvaz city, southwestern Iran. Journal of Arthropod Borne Diseases, 12: 16–23.
- Lopes RB, Alves SB 2011. Differential susceptibility of adults and nymphs of Blattella germanica (L.) (Blattodea: Blattellidae) to infection by Metarhizium anisopliae and assessment of delivery strategies. Neotropical Entomology, 40: 368–374.
- Mohan CM, Lakshmi KA, Devi KU 1999. Laboratory evaluation of the pathogenicity of three isolates of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuillemin on the American cockroach (Periplaneta americana). Biocontrol Science and Technology, 9: 29-33.
- Montalva C, Collier K, Rocha LFN, Inglis PW, Lopes RB, Luz C, Humber RA 2016. A natural fungal infection of a sylvatic cockroach with Metarhizium blattodeae sp. nov., a member of the M. flavoviride species complex. Fungal Biology, 120: 655–665.
- Pachamuthu P, Kamble ST, Yuen GY 1999. Virulence of Metarhizium anisopliae (Deuteromycotina: Hyphomycetes) strain ESC-1 to the German cockroach (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae) and its compatibility with insecticides. Journal of Economic Entomology, 92: 340–346.
- Pachamuthu P, Kamble ST 2000. In vivo study on combined toxicity of Metarhizium anisopliae (Deuteromycotina: Hyphomycetes) strain ESC-1 with sublethal doses of chlorpyrifos, propetamphos, and cyfluthrin against German cockroach (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 93: 60–70.
- Pan XY, Zhang F 2020. Advances in Biological Control of the German cockroach, Blattella germanica (L.). Biological Control, 142: 104104.
- Pereira RM, Oi DH, Baggio MV, Koehler PG 2017. Microbial control of structural insect pests. In: L A Lacey (Ed.), Microbial Control of Insect and Mite Pests: From Theory to Practice, Elsevier, New York, pp. 431–442.
- Pomes A, Schal C 2020. Cockroach and other inhalant insect allergens. In: R F Lockey, D K Ledford (Eds.), Allergens and Allergen Immunotherapy: Subcutaneous, sublingual, and oral. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, Boca Raton.
- Quesada-Moraga E, Santos-Quiros R, Valverde-Garcia P, Santiago-Alvarez C, 2004. Virulence, horizontal transmission, and sublethal reproductive effects of Metarhizium anisopliae (anamorphic fungi) on the German cockroach (Blattodea: Blattellidae). Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 87: 51-58.
- Saitou K, Furuhata K, Kawakami Y, Fukuyama M 2009. Isolation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from cockroaches Captured in hospitals in Japan, and their antibiotic susceptibility. Biocontrol Science, 14: 155–159.
- Salehzadeh A, Tavacol P, Mahjub H 2007. Bacterial, fungal and parasitic contamination of cockroaches in public hospitals of Hamadan, Iran. Journal of Vector Borne Diseases, 44: 105–110.
- Sheih A, Parks WC, Ziegler SF 2017. GM-CSF produced by the airway epithelium is required for sensitization to cockroach allergen. Mucosal Immunology, 10: 705–715.
- Suiter DR 1997. Biological suppression of synanthropic cockroaches. Journal of Agricultural Entomology, 14: 259–270.
- Wannigama DL, Dwivedi R, Zahraei-Ramazani A 2014. Prevalence and antibiotic resistance of gram-negative pathogenic bacteria species isolated from Periplaneta americana and Blattella germanica in Varanasi, India. Journal of Arthropod-Borne Diseases, 8: 10–20.
- Wu X, Appel AG 2017. Insecticide resistance of several field-collected German cockroach (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae) strains. Journal of Economic Entomology, 110: 1203–1209.
- Yang CL, Zhu HY, Zhang F 2019. Comparative proteomics analysis between the short-term stress and long-term adaptation of the Blattella germanica (Blattodea: Blattellidae) in response to beta-cypermethrin. Journal of Economic Entomology, 112: 1396-1402.
- Yang R, Zhang M, Schal C, Jiang M, Cai T, Zhang F 2021. Boric acid enhances Metarhizium anisopliae virulence in Blattella germanica (L.) by disrupting the gut and altering its microbial community. Biological Control, 152: 104430.
- Zhang F, Sun XX, Zhang XC, Zhang S, Lu J, Xia YM, Huang YH, Wang XJ 2018a. The interactions between gut microbiota and entomopathogenic fungi: a potential approach for biological control of Blattella germanica (L.). Pest Management Science, 74: 438–447.
- Zhang XC, Li XX, Gong YW, Li YR, Zhang KL, Huang YH, Zhang F 2018b. Isolation, identification, and virulence of a new Metarhizium anisopliae strain on the German cockroach. Journal of Economic Entomology, 111: 2611–2616.
- Zhu F, Lavine L, O’Neal S, Lavine M, Foss C, Walsh D 2016. Insecticide resistance and management strategies in urban ecosystems. Insects, 7: 2.
- Zurek L, Watson DW, Sehal C 2002. Synergism between Metarhizium anisopliae (Deuteromyeota: Hyphomycetes) and boric acid against the German cockroach (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae). Biological Control, 23: 296–302.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Ziraat, Veterinerlik ve Gıda Bilimleri |
| Bölüm | ARAŞTIRMA MAKALESİ (Research Article) |
| Yazarlar | |
| Proje Numarası | 110O159 |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 28 Şubat 2022 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 16 Şubat 2021 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 29 Mart 2021 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2022Cilt: 25 Sayı: 1 |
Kaynak Göster
2022-JIF = 0.500
2022-JCI = 0.170
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