Anatomical, Micromorphological, Karyological and Biochemical Study of Scutellaria orientalis subsp. virens and Scutellaria salviifolia

Mikail Acar; Neslihan Taşar; Gülçin Beker Akbulut

doi:10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.970571

Araştırma Makalesi

Anatomical, Micromorphological, Karyological and Biochemical Study of Scutellaria orientalis subsp. virens and Scutellaria salviifolia

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 25 Sayı: Ek Sayı 1, 125 - 136, 30.12.2022

Mikail Acar Neslihan Taşar Gülçin Beker Akbulut

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.970571

Cited By: 1

Öz

In this study, the anatomical and micromorphological structure, karyological characteristics and biochemical content of Scutellaria orientalis subsp. virens and endemic Scutellaria salviifolia, whose distributions areas overlap, were compared. Some anatomical and micromorphological differences were observed on the taxa; scleranchymatic pericycle layer on the stem, stomata density, distribution of trichomes, as well as the main vascular bundle and general shape of the petiole. The chromosome numbers of both taxa were determined as 2n = 22. However, there was a difference between chromosome length range and total chromosome length. The chromosome numbers and chromosome morphologies of these species have been defined for the first time in this paper. Differences in biochemical content were observed between species. Chlorophyll a (Chl a), total chlorophyll (Total Chl), total carbohydrate and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents were determined higher in leaf and stem samples of S. orientalis subsp. virens than S. salviifolia. There was no significant difference between the two taxa in terms of chlorophyll b (Chl b) content. Carotenoid (Car) content was detected higher in leaves samples of S. orientalis subsp. virens, but no significant difference was found between stems samples. Also, the effect of taxa on biochemical contents in relation to the habitat they live in is given in this study.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Trichome, Lipid peroxidation, Total carbohydrate, Micromorphology, Scutellaria -

Kaynakça

Abdelrahim DN, Takruri HR, Al-Ismail KM 2020. Effect of introducing the Jordanian common rue (Ruta chalepensis L.) on blood lipid profile in adult male Sprague Dawley rats toxified with Paracetamol. J Saudi Soc Food Nutr, 13(1): 17-23.
Açar M, Satıl F 2019. Distantes R. Bhattacharjee (Stachys L./Lamiaceae) Altseksiyonu Taksonları Üzerinde Karşılaştırmalı Anatomik ve Mikromorfolojik Çalışmalar. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi 22: 282-295.
Agathokleous E, Feng Z, Peñuelas J 2020. Chlorophyll hormesis: are chlorophylls major components of stress biology in higher plants?. Science of The Total Environment 726: 138637.
Akçın ÖE, Özyurt MS, Șenel G 2011. Petiole anatomy of some Lamiaceae taxa. Pakistan Journal of Botany 43(3): 1437-1443.
Álvarez-Robles MJ, Bernal MP, Sánchez-Guerrero A, Sevilla F, Clemente R 2020. Major As species, lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation in rice plants exposed to increasing As (V) concentrations. Heliyon 6(8): e04703.
Amoozgar A, Mohammadi A, Sabzalian MR 2017. Impact of light-emitting diode irradiation on photosynthesis, phytochemical composition and mineral element content of lettuce cv. Grizzly. Photosynthetica 55: 85-95.
Berru LB, Glorio-Paulet P, Basso C, Scarafoni A, Camarena F, Hidalgo A, Brandolini A 2021. Chemical Composition, Tocopherol and Carotenoid Content of Seeds from Different Andean Lupin (Lupinus mutabilis) Ecotypes. Plant Foods for Human Nutrition 1-7.
Çalı İÖ 2017. Anatomical and glandular trichome characteristics of Scutellaria salviifolia (Lamiaceae) endemic to Turkey. Int J Agric Biol 19(4): 654-658.
Davis PH, 1988. Flora of Turkey and The East Aegaen Islands. Edinburg University Press, 10, Edinburgh. De-Kok L, Graham M 1980. Levels of pigments, soluble proteins, amino acids and sulfhydryl compounds in foliar tissue of Arabidopsis thaliana during dark induced and natural senesence. Plant Physiol. Biochem. 27: 133-142.
Duman H 2000. Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, Edinburgh University Press, 11, 198-199, Chapter: Scutellaria L. Eds. A. Güner, N. Özhatay, T. Ekim, & K.H.C. Başer. In Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, Edinburgh University Press.
Duncan DB 1955. Multiple range and multiple F tests. Biometrics, 11: 1-14.
Ecevit-Genç G, Özcan T, Dirmenci T 2018. Leaf indumentum in some Turkish species of Teucrium (Lamiaceae). Istanbul Journal of Pharmacy 48(1): 6-11.
Elçi Ş 1982. Sitogenetikte Gözlemler ve Araştırma Yöntemleri. Fırat Üniversitesi, Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi Yayınları, Elazığ. 165s.
Celep F, Dirmenci T 2017. Systematic and Biogeographic overview of Lamiaceae in Turkey. Nat. Volatiles Essent. Oils 4(4): 14-27.
Gedik O, Kıran Y, Arabacı T, Kostekci S 2014. Karyological studies on the annual members of the genus Carduus L. (Asteraceae, Cardueae) from Turkey. Caryologia 67(2):135-139.
Gedik O, Kürşat M, Kıran Y, Karataş M 2016. KSU J. Nat. Sci. 19(4): 462-468.
Güner A, Aslan S, Ekim T, Vural M, Babaç M 2012. Türkiye Bitkileri Listesi (Damarlı Bitkiler). Nezahat Gokyi Botanik Bahçesi Press, İstanbul.
Hafez Y, Attia K, Alamery S, Ghazy A, Al-Doss A, Ibrahim E, Abdelaal K 2020. Beneficial effects of biochar and chitosan on antioxidative capacity, osmolytes accumulation, and anatomical characters of water-stressed barley plants. Agronomy 10(5): 630.
Heath RL, Packer L 1968. Photoperoxidation in isolated chloroplast, I. Kinetics and stoichhiometry of fatty acid peroxidation. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 125: 180-198.
Homayoonzadeh M, Moeini P, Talebi K, Roessner U, Hosseininaveh V 2020. Antioxidant system status of cucumber plants under pesticides treatment. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 42(11): 1-11.
Izzo LG, Arenab C, De Miccoa V, Capozzia F, Aronnea G 2019. Light quality shapes morpho-functional traits and pigment content of green and red leaf cultivars of Atriplex hortensis. Scientia Horticulturae 246: 942-950.
Kaya A, Satil F, Dirmenci T, Selvi S 2013. Trichome micromorphology in Turkish species of Ziziphora (Lamiaceae). Nordic Journal of Botany 31(3): 270-277.
Khoubnasabjafari M, Jouyban A 2020. Challenges on Determination of Malondialdehyde in Plant Samples. Arch Crop Sci 4(1): 64-66.
Leiva-Ampuero,A, Agurto M, Matus JT, Hoppe G, Huidobro C, Inostroza-Blancheteau C, Vega A 2020. Salinity impairs photosynthetic capacity and enhances carotenoid-related gene expression and biosynthesis in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Micro-Tom). PeerJ 8: e9742.
Levan A, Fredga K, Sandberg AA 1964. Nomenclature for centromeric position on chromosomes. Hereditas 52: 201-220.
Lichtenthaler K, Welburn AR 1983. Determination of total carotenoids and chlorophyll a and b of leaf extracts in different solvents. Botanisches Institiutder Univeristat, Kaiserstran βe 12 Postfach 591–592.
Metcalfe CR, Chalk L 1950. Anatomy of the Dicotyledons. Oxford Univ. Press, London, Vol. 2, 1041-1051.
Nilsson R, Liu NA 2020. Nuclear DNA damages generated by reactive oxygen molecules (ROS) under oxidative stress and their relevance to human cancers, including ionizing radiation-induced neoplasia Part I: Physical, chemical and molecular biology aspects. Radiation Medicine and Protection 1(3): 142-150.
Özdemir C, Altan Y 2005. Morphological and anatomical investigations on endemic Scutellaria orientalis L. subsp. bicolor (Hochst.) Edmund and subsp. santolinoides (Hausskn ex Bornm). Pakistan Journal of Botany 37(2): 213.
Paton 1990. A global taxonomic investigation of Scutellaria (Labiatae). Kew Bulletin 45(3): 399-450.
Polat R, Cakilcioglu U, Selvi S, Türkmen Z, Kandemir A 2017. The anatomical and micromorphological properties of three endemic and medicinal Salvia species (Lamiaceae) in Erzincan (Turkey). Plant Biosystems-An International Journal Dealing with all Aspects of Plant Biology 151(1): 63-73.
Ranjbar M, Mahmoudi C 2013. Chromosome numbers and biogeography of the genus Scutellaria L. (Lamiaceae). Caryologia 66(3): 205-214.
Zarco CR 1986. A new method for estimating karyotype asymmetry. Taxon, 35: 526-530.
Rosenberg S 1980. Physiological studies of lignocellulose degratation by thermotolerant mold Chrysosporium pruinosum. Symposium on the biological transformation of lignocellulose 12: 133-142.
Satıl F, Kaya A 2007. Leaf anatomy and hairs of Turkish Satureja L. (Lamiaceae). Acta Biologica Cracoviensia Series Botanica 49(1): 67–76.
Satıl F, Kaya A, Dirmenci T 2011. The taxonomic value of leaf anatomy and trichome morphology of the genus Cyclotrichium (Lamiaceae) in Turkey. Nordic Journal of Botany 29(1): 38-48.
Selvi S, Açar M, Satıl F 2013. Comparative micromorphological and anatomical investigations on Thymus pulvinatus and T. cherlerioides (Lamiaceae) growing in Kazdağı (Edremit-Balıkesir/Turkey). Biological Diversity and Conservation 6(3): 12-20.
Shah D, Sajjad N, Ali R, Nazir N, Hassan S, Shah S 2019. Sugar regulates plant growth and development under in vitro conditions. In Plant Signaling Molecules (pp. 257-268). Woodhead Publishing.
Smeekens S 2000. Sugar-induced signal transduction in plants. Annual review of plant biology 51(1): 49-81. Romero Zarco C. 1986. A new method for estimating karyotype asymmetry. Taxon, 35: 526–530.
Tardif JC, Conciatori F 2015. Microscopic examination of wood: Sample preparation and techniques for light microscopy. In Plant microtechniques and protocols (pp. 373-415). Springer, Cham.
Trouvelot S, Héloir MC, Poinssot B, Gauthier A, Paris F, Guillier C, Adrian M 2014. Carbohydrates in plant immunity and plant protection: roles and potential application as foliar sprays. Frontiers in plant science 5: 592.
Yılmaz G, Çiçek M, Demirci B, Başer KHC 2020. Composition of the essential oils of five subspecies of Scutellaria orientalis from Turkey. Journal of Essential Oil Research 32(5): 429-435.
Xia H, Zhou Y, Deng H, Lin L, Deng Q, Wang J, Liang D 2021. Melatonin improves heat tolerance in Actinidia deliciosa via carotenoid biosynthesis and heat shock proteins expression. Physiologia Plantarum 172(3): 1582-1593.
Zhang H, Xu Z, Guo K, Huo Y, He G, Sun H, Sun G 2020. Toxic effects of heavy metal Cd and Zn on chlorophyll, carotenoid metabolism and photosynthetic function in tobacco leaves revealed by physiological and proteomics analysis. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 202: 110856.

Scutellaria orientalis subsp. virens ve Scutellaria salviifolia üzerinde Anatomik, Mikromorfolojik, Karyolojik ve Biyokimyasal bir çalışma

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 25 Sayı: Ek Sayı 1, 125 - 136, 30.12.2022

Mikail Acar Neslihan Taşar Gülçin Beker Akbulut

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.970571

Cited By: 1

Öz

Bu çalışmada, yayılış alanları örtüşen Scutellaria orientalis subsp. virens ve endemik Scutellaria salviifolia'nın anatomik ve mikromorfolojik yapısı, karyolojik özellikleri ve biyokimyasal içeriği karşılaştırılmıştır. Taksonlarda bazı anatomik ve mikromorfolojik farklılıklar gözlenmiştir. Bunlar; gövdede sklerankimatik periskl tabakası, stoma yoğunluğu, trikomların dağılımı, petiyolün genel şekli ve ayrıca ana iletim demetinde birtakım farklılıklar şeklindedir. Her iki taksonun kromozom sayıları 2n=22 olarak belirlenmesine rağmen kromozom uzunluk aralığı ile toplam kromozom uzunluğu arasında fark görülmüştür. Bu türlerin kromozom sayıları ve kromozom morfolojileri ilk kez bu çalışmada tanımlanmıştır. Türler arasında biyokimyasal içerik farklılıkları da gözlenmiştir. S. orientalis subsp. virens'in yaprak ve gövde örneklerinde klorofil a (Chl a), toplam klorofil (Toplam Chl), toplam karbonhidrat ve malondialdehit (MDA) içeriğinin S. salviifolia'ya göre daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Klorofil b (Chl b) içeriği açısından iki takson arasında önemli bir fark tespit edilmemiştir. S. orientalis subsp. virens'in yaprak örneklerinde karotenoid (Car) içeriği daha yüksek saptanmış, ancak gövde örnekleri arasında önemli bir fark bulunmamıştır. Çalışmada taksonların yaşadıkları habitata göre biyokimyasal içerikleri üzerindeki etkisi de verilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Trikom, Lipid peroksidasyon, Toplam karbonhidrat, Mikromorfoloji, Scutellaria

Kaynakça

Abdelrahim DN, Takruri HR, Al-Ismail KM 2020. Effect of introducing the Jordanian common rue (Ruta chalepensis L.) on blood lipid profile in adult male Sprague Dawley rats toxified with Paracetamol. J Saudi Soc Food Nutr, 13(1): 17-23.
Açar M, Satıl F 2019. Distantes R. Bhattacharjee (Stachys L./Lamiaceae) Altseksiyonu Taksonları Üzerinde Karşılaştırmalı Anatomik ve Mikromorfolojik Çalışmalar. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi 22: 282-295.
Agathokleous E, Feng Z, Peñuelas J 2020. Chlorophyll hormesis: are chlorophylls major components of stress biology in higher plants?. Science of The Total Environment 726: 138637.
Akçın ÖE, Özyurt MS, Șenel G 2011. Petiole anatomy of some Lamiaceae taxa. Pakistan Journal of Botany 43(3): 1437-1443.
Álvarez-Robles MJ, Bernal MP, Sánchez-Guerrero A, Sevilla F, Clemente R 2020. Major As species, lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation in rice plants exposed to increasing As (V) concentrations. Heliyon 6(8): e04703.
Amoozgar A, Mohammadi A, Sabzalian MR 2017. Impact of light-emitting diode irradiation on photosynthesis, phytochemical composition and mineral element content of lettuce cv. Grizzly. Photosynthetica 55: 85-95.
Berru LB, Glorio-Paulet P, Basso C, Scarafoni A, Camarena F, Hidalgo A, Brandolini A 2021. Chemical Composition, Tocopherol and Carotenoid Content of Seeds from Different Andean Lupin (Lupinus mutabilis) Ecotypes. Plant Foods for Human Nutrition 1-7.
Çalı İÖ 2017. Anatomical and glandular trichome characteristics of Scutellaria salviifolia (Lamiaceae) endemic to Turkey. Int J Agric Biol 19(4): 654-658.
Davis PH, 1988. Flora of Turkey and The East Aegaen Islands. Edinburg University Press, 10, Edinburgh. De-Kok L, Graham M 1980. Levels of pigments, soluble proteins, amino acids and sulfhydryl compounds in foliar tissue of Arabidopsis thaliana during dark induced and natural senesence. Plant Physiol. Biochem. 27: 133-142.
Duman H 2000. Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, Edinburgh University Press, 11, 198-199, Chapter: Scutellaria L. Eds. A. Güner, N. Özhatay, T. Ekim, & K.H.C. Başer. In Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, Edinburgh University Press.
Duncan DB 1955. Multiple range and multiple F tests. Biometrics, 11: 1-14.
Ecevit-Genç G, Özcan T, Dirmenci T 2018. Leaf indumentum in some Turkish species of Teucrium (Lamiaceae). Istanbul Journal of Pharmacy 48(1): 6-11.
Elçi Ş 1982. Sitogenetikte Gözlemler ve Araştırma Yöntemleri. Fırat Üniversitesi, Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi Yayınları, Elazığ. 165s.
Celep F, Dirmenci T 2017. Systematic and Biogeographic overview of Lamiaceae in Turkey. Nat. Volatiles Essent. Oils 4(4): 14-27.
Gedik O, Kıran Y, Arabacı T, Kostekci S 2014. Karyological studies on the annual members of the genus Carduus L. (Asteraceae, Cardueae) from Turkey. Caryologia 67(2):135-139.
Gedik O, Kürşat M, Kıran Y, Karataş M 2016. KSU J. Nat. Sci. 19(4): 462-468.
Güner A, Aslan S, Ekim T, Vural M, Babaç M 2012. Türkiye Bitkileri Listesi (Damarlı Bitkiler). Nezahat Gokyi Botanik Bahçesi Press, İstanbul.
Hafez Y, Attia K, Alamery S, Ghazy A, Al-Doss A, Ibrahim E, Abdelaal K 2020. Beneficial effects of biochar and chitosan on antioxidative capacity, osmolytes accumulation, and anatomical characters of water-stressed barley plants. Agronomy 10(5): 630.
Heath RL, Packer L 1968. Photoperoxidation in isolated chloroplast, I. Kinetics and stoichhiometry of fatty acid peroxidation. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 125: 180-198.
Homayoonzadeh M, Moeini P, Talebi K, Roessner U, Hosseininaveh V 2020. Antioxidant system status of cucumber plants under pesticides treatment. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 42(11): 1-11.
Izzo LG, Arenab C, De Miccoa V, Capozzia F, Aronnea G 2019. Light quality shapes morpho-functional traits and pigment content of green and red leaf cultivars of Atriplex hortensis. Scientia Horticulturae 246: 942-950.
Kaya A, Satil F, Dirmenci T, Selvi S 2013. Trichome micromorphology in Turkish species of Ziziphora (Lamiaceae). Nordic Journal of Botany 31(3): 270-277.
Khoubnasabjafari M, Jouyban A 2020. Challenges on Determination of Malondialdehyde in Plant Samples. Arch Crop Sci 4(1): 64-66.
Leiva-Ampuero,A, Agurto M, Matus JT, Hoppe G, Huidobro C, Inostroza-Blancheteau C, Vega A 2020. Salinity impairs photosynthetic capacity and enhances carotenoid-related gene expression and biosynthesis in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Micro-Tom). PeerJ 8: e9742.
Levan A, Fredga K, Sandberg AA 1964. Nomenclature for centromeric position on chromosomes. Hereditas 52: 201-220.
Lichtenthaler K, Welburn AR 1983. Determination of total carotenoids and chlorophyll a and b of leaf extracts in different solvents. Botanisches Institiutder Univeristat, Kaiserstran βe 12 Postfach 591–592.
Metcalfe CR, Chalk L 1950. Anatomy of the Dicotyledons. Oxford Univ. Press, London, Vol. 2, 1041-1051.
Nilsson R, Liu NA 2020. Nuclear DNA damages generated by reactive oxygen molecules (ROS) under oxidative stress and their relevance to human cancers, including ionizing radiation-induced neoplasia Part I: Physical, chemical and molecular biology aspects. Radiation Medicine and Protection 1(3): 142-150.
Özdemir C, Altan Y 2005. Morphological and anatomical investigations on endemic Scutellaria orientalis L. subsp. bicolor (Hochst.) Edmund and subsp. santolinoides (Hausskn ex Bornm). Pakistan Journal of Botany 37(2): 213.
Paton 1990. A global taxonomic investigation of Scutellaria (Labiatae). Kew Bulletin 45(3): 399-450.
Polat R, Cakilcioglu U, Selvi S, Türkmen Z, Kandemir A 2017. The anatomical and micromorphological properties of three endemic and medicinal Salvia species (Lamiaceae) in Erzincan (Turkey). Plant Biosystems-An International Journal Dealing with all Aspects of Plant Biology 151(1): 63-73.
Ranjbar M, Mahmoudi C 2013. Chromosome numbers and biogeography of the genus Scutellaria L. (Lamiaceae). Caryologia 66(3): 205-214.
Zarco CR 1986. A new method for estimating karyotype asymmetry. Taxon, 35: 526-530.
Rosenberg S 1980. Physiological studies of lignocellulose degratation by thermotolerant mold Chrysosporium pruinosum. Symposium on the biological transformation of lignocellulose 12: 133-142.
Satıl F, Kaya A 2007. Leaf anatomy and hairs of Turkish Satureja L. (Lamiaceae). Acta Biologica Cracoviensia Series Botanica 49(1): 67–76.
Satıl F, Kaya A, Dirmenci T 2011. The taxonomic value of leaf anatomy and trichome morphology of the genus Cyclotrichium (Lamiaceae) in Turkey. Nordic Journal of Botany 29(1): 38-48.
Selvi S, Açar M, Satıl F 2013. Comparative micromorphological and anatomical investigations on Thymus pulvinatus and T. cherlerioides (Lamiaceae) growing in Kazdağı (Edremit-Balıkesir/Turkey). Biological Diversity and Conservation 6(3): 12-20.
Shah D, Sajjad N, Ali R, Nazir N, Hassan S, Shah S 2019. Sugar regulates plant growth and development under in vitro conditions. In Plant Signaling Molecules (pp. 257-268). Woodhead Publishing.
Smeekens S 2000. Sugar-induced signal transduction in plants. Annual review of plant biology 51(1): 49-81. Romero Zarco C. 1986. A new method for estimating karyotype asymmetry. Taxon, 35: 526–530.
Tardif JC, Conciatori F 2015. Microscopic examination of wood: Sample preparation and techniques for light microscopy. In Plant microtechniques and protocols (pp. 373-415). Springer, Cham.
Trouvelot S, Héloir MC, Poinssot B, Gauthier A, Paris F, Guillier C, Adrian M 2014. Carbohydrates in plant immunity and plant protection: roles and potential application as foliar sprays. Frontiers in plant science 5: 592.
Yılmaz G, Çiçek M, Demirci B, Başer KHC 2020. Composition of the essential oils of five subspecies of Scutellaria orientalis from Turkey. Journal of Essential Oil Research 32(5): 429-435.
Xia H, Zhou Y, Deng H, Lin L, Deng Q, Wang J, Liang D 2021. Melatonin improves heat tolerance in Actinidia deliciosa via carotenoid biosynthesis and heat shock proteins expression. Physiologia Plantarum 172(3): 1582-1593.
Zhang H, Xu Z, Guo K, Huo Y, He G, Sun H, Sun G 2020. Toxic effects of heavy metal Cd and Zn on chlorophyll, carotenoid metabolism and photosynthetic function in tobacco leaves revealed by physiological and proteomics analysis. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 202: 110856.

Toplam 44 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil	İngilizce
Konular	Yapısal Biyoloji
Bölüm	ARAŞTIRMA MAKALESİ (Research Article)
Yazarlar	Mikail Acar 0000-0003-3848-5798 Neslihan Taşar 0000-0002-0417-4660 Gülçin Beker Akbulut 0000-0002-4964-6780
Yayımlanma Tarihi	30 Aralık 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi	14 Temmuz 2021
Kabul Tarihi	31 Aralık 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı	Yıl 2022Cilt: 25 Sayı: Ek Sayı 1

Kaynak Göster

APA	Acar, M., Taşar, N., & Beker Akbulut, G. (2022). Anatomical, Micromorphological, Karyological and Biochemical Study of Scutellaria orientalis subsp. virens and Scutellaria salviifolia. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım Ve Doğa Dergisi, 25(Ek Sayı 1), 125-136. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.970571