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Kurutmalık Biber Meyvelerinde İç Çürüklüğüne Neden Olan Bazı Fungal Etmenlere Karşı Bitki Uçucu Yağlarının in vitro Antifungal Etkileri

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 26 Sayı: 1, 76 - 89, 28.02.2023

Mehmet Atay , Soner Soylu

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1085859
Cited By: 2

Öz

Hasat öncesi ve sonrası tarımsal ürünlerde meyve iç çürüklüğüne neden olan fungal etmenler ciddi kalite ve verim kayıplarına neden olurken, gıdalarda ürettikleri mikotoksinler tüketiciler için sağlık riski oluşturur. Bu çalışmada, Hatay ilinde yetiştirilen ve yerel pazarlarda satılan kurutmalık biber meyvelerinde iç çürüklüğü belirtisine neden olan fungal hastalık etmenlerinin, izolasyonu, morfolojik ve MALDI-TOF yöntemleri ile tanılanması, yaygın hastalık etmenlerine karşı farklı bitki uçucu yağlarının antifungal etkilerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Hastalık belirtisi gösteren meyve örneklerinden yapılan izolasyonları müteakiben yapılan morfolojik ve MALDI-TOF tanılama çalışmaları sonucunda Alternaria alternata ve Aspergillus niger en sık rastlanan fungal hastalık etmenleri olarak belirlenmiştir. Hastalık etmenlerine karşı kekik (Thymus vulgaris L., Tymbra spicata L. ve Origanum syriacum L.), rezene (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.), defne (Laurus nobilis L.) ve okaliptüs (Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh) uçucu yağlarının buhar fazında farklı dozlarının antifungal etkinlikleri in vitro koşullarda araştırılmıştır. Fungus izolatlarına karşı en yüksek antifungal etkinlik (% 100 engelleme) Thymbra spicata, Origanum syriacum ve Thymus vulgaris uçucu yağlarının 4.0-6.0 µl petri-1 dozlarında gözlenmiştir. Test edilen fungal izolatlara karşı en düşük antifungal etkinlik ise Eucalyptus camaldulensis (16.0-40.0 µl petri-1) uçucu yağı tarafından gösterilmiştir. Yapılan çalışmalarla uçucu yağların antifungal özellikleri ve EC50 değerleri belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre bitki uçucu yağları, doza bağlı bir şekilde test edilen izolatlara karşı antifungal etkinlik göstermişlerdir. Elde edilen sonuçlar bitki uçucu yağlarının, kurutmalık tarımsal ürünlerde biyofumigant olarak uygulanabileceğini göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Uçucu yağlar Antifungal etkinlik Biber Alternaria alternata Aspergillus niger

Destekleyen Kurum

Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi, Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Komisyonu

Proje Numarası

17YL013

Kaynakça

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In vitro Antifungal Effects of Plant Essential Oils Against Some Fungal Disease Agents Causing Internal Rot of Dried Pepper Fruits

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 26 Sayı: 1, 76 - 89, 28.02.2023

Mehmet Atay , Soner Soylu

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1085859
Cited By: 2

Öz

Fungal disease agents that cause internal fruit rot in agricultural products before and after harvest cause serious quality and yield losses. At the same time, the mycotoxins they produce in foods pose a health risk for consumers. In this study, it was aimed to isolate fungal disease agents that cause internal rot symptoms in dried pepper fruits grown in Hatay province and sold in local bazaars, to identify by morphological and MALDI-TOF methods, and to determine the antifungal effects of different plant essential oils against the most common disease agents. Alternaria alternata and Aspergillus niger were determined as the most common fungal disease agents following the result of isolations, morphological and MALDI-TOF diagnostic studies from fruit samples showing signs of disease. Antifungal effects of different vapor doses of essential oils of different thyme (Thymus vulgaris L., Tymbra spicata L. and Origanum syriacum L.), fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.), laurel (Laurus nobilis L.) and eucalyptus (Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh) were investigated against fungal disease agents in vitro conditions. The highest antifungal activities (100% inhibition) against fungal isolates were displayed by essential oils of Thymbra spicata (2.0-4.0 µl Petri-1), Origanum syriacum (4.0 µl Petri-1) and Thymus vulgaris (4.0-6.0 µl Petri-1). Eucalyptus camaldulensis (16.0-40.0 Petri-1) exhibited the lowest antifungal activity against tested fungal isolates. In addition, the antifungal properties and EC50 values of essential oils were also determined. Plant essential oils showed antifungal effects against the tested fungal isolates in a dose-dependent manner. The results showed that plant essential oils might be applied as biofumigants in dried agricultural products.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Essential oils Antifungal activity Pepper Alternaria alternata Aspergillus niger

Proje Numarası

17YL013

Kaynakça

  • Andrade-Ochoa, S., Chacon-Vargas, K.F., Sanchez-Torres, L.E., Rivera-Chavira, B.E., Nogueda-Torres, B. & Nevarez-Moorillon, G.V. (2021). Differential Antimicrobial Effect of Essential Oils and Their Main Components: Insights Based on the Cell Membrane and External Structure. Membranes 11, 405. https://doi.org/10.3390/ membranes11060405
  • Anonymous, (2022). Food and Agriculture Organization of The United Nations, FAOSTAT. http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QC (Alınma Tarihi: 24.02.2022).
  • Askun, T., Tumen, G., Satil, F. & Kilic, T. (2008). Effects of Some Lamiaceae Species Methanol Extracts on Potential Mycotoxin Producer Fungi. Pharmaceutical Biology 46, 688–694. https:// doi.org/10.1080/13880200802215792
  • Atay, M. & Soylu, S. (2022). Biber meyvelerinde hasat sonrası çürümelere sebep olan bazı fungal hastalık etmenlerine karşı Isothiocyanate bileşiklerinin antifungal etkilerinin belirlenmesi. Harran Tarım ve Gıda Bilimleri Dergisi 26, 290-302. https://doi.org/10.29050/harranziraat.1136632
  • Bozkurt, İ.A., Soylu, S., Kara, M. & Soylu, E.M. (2020). Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oils Isolated from Medicinal Plants against Gall Forming Plant Pathogenic Bacterial Disease Agents. KSU Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi 23, 1474-1482. https://doi.org/10.18016/ ksutarimdoga.vi.723544
  • Dugan, F.M. (2006). The Identification of Fungi, An Illustrated Introduction With Keys Glossary and Guide to Literature. American Phytopathological Society Press, St. Paul. Minnesota, USA. pp. 176. https://doi.org/10.1094/9780890545041
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  • Dvegowda, G., Raju, M.V.L.N. & Swamy, H.V.N (1998). Mycotoxins, Novel solutions for Their Counteraction. Feedstuffs 70, 12–13.
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  • Khan, M., Khan, S.T., Khan, M., Mousa, A.A., Mahmood, A. & Alkhathlan, H.Z. (2019). Chemical diversity in leaf and stem essential oils of Origanum vulgare L. and their effects on microbicidal activities. AMB Express 9, 176. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-019-0893-3
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  • Mimica-Dukić, N., Božin, B., Soković, M., Mihajlović, B. & Matavulj, M. (2003). Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Three Mentha Species Essential Oils. Planta Medica 69, 413-419. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2003-39704
  • Morcia, C., Malnati, M. & Terzi, V. (2012). In vitro Antifungal Activity of Terpinen-4-ol, Eugenol, Carvone, 1,8-Cineole (Eucalyptol) and Thymol Against Mycotoxigenic Plant Pathogens. Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A 29, 415-22. https://doi.org/10.1080/19440049.2011.643458
  • Nazareth, T.M., Bordin, K., Manyes, L., Meca, G., Manes, J. & Luciano, F.B. (2016). Gaseous Allyl Isothiocyanate to Inhibit the Production of Aflatoxins, Beauvericin, and Enniatins by Aspergillus parasiticus and Fusarium poae in Wheat Flour. Food Control 62, 317-321. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2015.11.003
  • Nguefack, J., Tamgue, O., Dongmo, J.B.L., Dakole, C.D., Leth, V., Vismer, H.F., Amvam Zollo, P.H. & Nkengfack, A.E. (2012). Synergistic Action between Fractions of Essential Oils from Cymbopogon Citratus, Ocimum gratissimum and Thymus vulgaris Against Penicillium expansum. Food Control 23, 377–383. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.foodcont.2011.08.002
  • Öksüztepe, G. & Erkan, S. (2016). Mikotoksinler ve Halk Sağlığı Açısından Önemi. Harran Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi., 5, 190-195. https://doi.org/10.31196/huvfd.317381
  • Otoni, B.C.G., Soares, N.F.F., da Silva, W.A., Medeiros, E.A.A. & Junior, J.C.B. (2014). Use of Allyl Isothioyanate-Containing Sachets to Reduce Aspergillus flavus Sporulation in Peanuts. Packaging Technology and Science 27, 549–558. https://doi.org/10.1002/pts.2063
  • Özkaya, Ş., Taydaş, E.E., Başaran, A., Avcı, B. & Hızlı, S. (1999). Tarım ve Köyişleri Bakanlığı Ankara İl Kontrol Laboratuvarı Aflatoksin Analiz Kurs Notları. 7-14 Ağustos, Ankara.
  • Ravid, U. & Putievsky, E. (1983). Constituents of Essential Oils From Majorana syriaca, Cordothymus capitatus and Satureja thymbra. Planta Medica 49, 248-249. https://doi.org/ 10.1055/s-2007-969862
  • Reddy, K.R.N., Salleh, B., Saad, B., Abbas, H.K., Abel, C.A. & Shier, W.T. (2010). An Overview of Mycotoxin Contamination in Foods and Its Implications for Human Health. Toxin Reviews 29, 3-26. https://doi.org/10.3109/1556954100359 8553
  • Rheeder, J.P., Marasas, W.F.O. & Vismer, H.F. (2002). Production of Fumonisin Analogs by Fusarium Species. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 68, 2102–2105. https://doi.org/ 10.1128/AEM.68.5.2101-2105.2002
  • Sertkaya, E., Kaya, K. & Soylu, S. (2010). Acaricidal Activities of the Essential Oils From Several Medicinal Plants Against The Carmine Spider Mite (Tetranychus cinnabarinus Boisd.) (Acarina: Tetranychidae). Industrial Crops and Products 31, 107–112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2009.09. 009
  • Smith, J.E. (2001). Mycotoxins, Food Chemical Safety. Volume 1: Contaminants, Ed.: Watson, D.H. Woodhead Publishing Limited and CRC Pres, LLC, 322p.
  • Sokolic-Mihalak, D., Frece, J., Slavica, A., Delas, F., Pavlovic, H. & Markov, K. (2012). The Effects of Wild Thyme (Thymus serpyllum L.) Essential Oil Components Against Chratoxin-producing Aspergilli. Arhiv za Higijenu Rada i Toksikologiju 63, 457-462. https://doi.org/10.2478/10004-1254-63-2012-2309
  • Soliman, K.M. & Badeaa, R.I. (2002). Effect of Oil Extracted from Some Medicinal Plants on Different Mycotoxigenic Fungi. Food and Chemical Toxicology 40, 1669–1675. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/S0278-6915(02)00120-5
  • Souza, V.V.M.A., Almeida, J.M., Barbosa, L.N. & Silva, N.C.C. (2022). Citral, Carvacrol, Eugenol and Thymol: Antimicrobial Activity and Its Application In Food. Journal of Essential Oil Research (in press). https://doi.org/10.1080/ 10412905.2022.2032422
  • Soylu, E.M., Kurt, S. & Soylu, S. (2010). In vitro and in vivo Antifungal Activities of the Essential Oils of Various Plants Against Tomato Grey Mould Disease Agent Botrytis cinerea. International Journal of Food Microbiology 143, 183-189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2010.08.015
  • Soylu, E.M., Soylu, S, & Kurt, S. (2006). Antimicrobial Activities of the Essential Oils of Various Plants Against Tomato Late Blight Disease Agent Phytophthora infestans. Mycopathologia 161, 119-128. https://doi.org/ 10.1007/s11046-005-0206-z
  • Soylu, E.M., Soylu, S., Kara, M. & Kurt, Ş. (2020). Sebzelerde Sorun Olan Önemli Bitki Fungal Hastalık Etmenlerine Karşı Vermikomposttan Izole Edilen Mikrobiyomların in vitro Antagonistik Etkilerinin Belirlenmesi. KSU Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi 23, 7-18. https://doi.org/10.18016/ ksutarimdoga.vi.601936
  • Soylu, E.M., Tok, F.M., Soylu, S., Kaya, A.D. & Evrendilek, G.A. (2005). Antifungal Activities of the Essential Oils On Post-Harvest Disease Agent Penicillium digitatum. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 8, 25-29. https://dx.doi.org/ 10.3923/pjbs.2005.25.29
  • Soylu, S., Evrendilek, G.A. & Soylu, E.M. (2009). Chemical Compositions and Antibacterial Activities of Bitter Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill. var. vulgare) and Dill (Anethum graveolens L.) Essential Oils Against The Growth Of Food-Borne And Seed-Borne Plant Pathogenic Bacteria. Italian Journal of Food Science 21, 347-355.
  • Soylu, S., Kara, M., Toketti, O., Soylu, E.M., Uysal, A. & Kurt, Ş. (2021). Patates lastik çürüklük hastalık etmeni Geotrichum candidum’un izolasyonu, morfolojik ve moleküler karakterizasyonu. KSÜ Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi 24, 353-361. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga. vi.714056
  • Soylu, S., Kara, M., Türkmen, M. & Şahin, B. (2022). Synergistic effect of Foeniculum vulgare essential oil on the antibacterial activities of Ag- and Cu-substituted ZnO nanorods (ZnO-NRs) against food, human and plant pathogenic bacterial disease agents. Inorganic Chemistry Communications 146, 110103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.inoche.2022.110103
  • Soylu, S., Yigitbas, H., Soylu, E.M. & Kurt, S. (2007). Antifungal Effects of Essential Oils from Oregano and Fennel on Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Journal of Applied Microbiology 103, 1021-1030. https:// doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.2007.03310.x
  • Tripathi, P., Dubey, N.K. & Shukla, A.K. (2008). Use of Some Essential Oils as Post-Harvest Botanical Fungicides in the management of Grey Mould of Grapes Caused by Botrytis cinerea. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 24, 39–46. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-007-9435-2
  • Tsimogiannis, D., Choulitoudi, E., Bimpilas, A., Mitropoulou, G., Kourkoutas, Y. & Oreopoulou, V. (2017). Exploitation of The Biological Potential of Satureja thymbra Essential Oil and Distillation by Products. Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants 4, 12-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmap.2016.07.002
  • Tyagi, A.K. & Malik, A. (2011). Antimicrobial Potential and Chemical Composition of Eucalyptus globules Oil in Liquid and Vapour Phase Against Food Spoilage Microorganisms. Food Chemistry 126. 228-235. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.foodchem. 2010.11.002
  • Uylaşer, V., Karaman, B. & Kazancı, Y.T. (2005). Mikotoksinler ve İnsan Sağlığına Etkileri. Hasad 21, 43-48.
  • Wang, H.W., Yang, Z.X., Ying, G.Y., Yang, M.H., Nian, Y.J., Wei, F. & Kong, W.J. (2018). Antifungal Evaluation of Plant Essential Oils and Their Major Components Against Toxigenic Fungi. Industrial Crops and Products 120, 180-186. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2018.04.053
  • Weidenbörner, M. (2014). Mycotoxins in Foodstuffs. Springer Science & Business Media, 739 pp. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8727-2
  • Wien, H.C. (1997). Peppers. The Physiology of Vegetable Crops. UK at The University Press, Cambridge. https://doi.org/10.1079/ 9781786393 777.0179
  • Xu, S.X., Yan, F.J., Ni, Z.D., Chen, Q.R., Zhang, H. & Zheng, X.D. (2014). In vitro and in vivo Control of Alternaria alternata in Cherry Tomato by Essential Oil from Laurus nobilis of Chinese Origin. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 94, 1403-1408. https://doi.org/ 10.1002/jsfa.6428
  • Yeğen, O., Berger, B. & Heitefuss, R. (1992). Investigations on the Fungitoxicity of Extracts of Six Selected Plants from Turkey against Phytopathogenic Fungi. Zeitschrift fur Pflanzenkrankheiten und Pflanzenschütz 99, 349-359.
  • Yiannikouris, A. & Jouany, J.P. (2002). Mycotoxins in Feeds and Their Fate in Animals, A Review. Animal Research 51, 81-99. https://doi.org/ 10.1051/animres:2002012
  • Yong, A.L., Ooh, K.F., Ong, H.C., Chai, T.T. & Wong, F.C. (2015). Investigation of Antibacterial Mechanism and Identification of Bacterial Protein Targets Mediated by Antibacterial Medicinal Plant Extracts. Food Chemistry 186, 32-36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.11.103
Toplam 64 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Ziraat, Veterinerlik ve Gıda Bilimleri
Bölüm ARAŞTIRMA MAKALESİ (Research Article)
Yazarlar

Mehmet Atay 0000-0001-5751-4764

Soner Soylu 0000-0003-1002-8958

Proje Numarası 17YL013
Yayımlanma Tarihi 28 Şubat 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 10 Mart 2022
Kabul Tarihi 21 Nisan 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023Cilt: 26 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Atay, M., & Soylu, S. (2023). Kurutmalık Biber Meyvelerinde İç Çürüklüğüne Neden Olan Bazı Fungal Etmenlere Karşı Bitki Uçucu Yağlarının in vitro Antifungal Etkileri. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım Ve Doğa Dergisi, 26(1), 76-89. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1085859

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2022-JIF = 0.500

2022-JCI = 0.170

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