Assessing the Efficacy of Moringa, Neem, and Tulsi in Remediation of Sewage Water: A Comparative Study.
Öz
The increase in a population's production and consumption habits causes an exponential rise in household waste, resulting in a lack of clean drinking water which leads to the main cause of water pollution. A cost-effective method is to use herbs as they are abundant in secondary metabolites. The purpose of this study was to understand how indigenous herbs can be utilized for treating sewage water, that can be used by citizens to get access to clean drinking water. A low-cost method was created to investigate the efficacy of herbs such as Moringa oleifera (Moringa), Azadirachta indica (Neem), and Ocimum sanctum (Tulsi), in the treatment of sewage water. Four combinations of herbs were selected, and the results were compared with municipal-treated water from a wastewater treatment facility. The samples were tested for parameters such as Estimation of Copper, pH, Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), and Most Probable Number (Coliform). Coliform levels and copper levels in the herb-treated water were almost one-fourth the level as compared to sewage water. In both parameters, statistical significance was obtained. Statistical significance was considered at p < 0.034. The herb-treated samples showed a reduction in the COD and an increase in pH towards neutrality, as compared to the sewage water. In all combinations tested, the herbs were successful in improving the quality of water when compared to the sewage water as well as the municipal treated water. Hence, it can be concluded that herbs are a good natural resource that can be used for the treatment of sewage water, as they are easily available, and the method is sustainable.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Sewage water Moringa oleifera Azadirachta indica Water treatment.
Kaynakça
- Aini, N., & Juwitaningtyas, T. (2022). Analysis of COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) on liquid waste of cheese production in PT. XYZ, Yogyakarta with iodometric titration method. Journal of Agri-Food Science and Technology, 2(2), 133–137. https://doi.org/10.12928/jafost.v2i2.5886
- Al Moharbi, S. S., Devi, M. G., Sangeetha, B. M., & Jahan, S. (2020). Studies on the removal of copper ions from industrial effluent by Azadirachta indica powder. Applied Water Science, 10(1), 23. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-019-1100-z
- Alo, M. N., Anyim, C., & Elom, M. (2012). Coagulation and antimicrobial activities of Moringa oleifera seed storage at 3°C temperature in turbid water. Advances in Applied Science Research, 3(2), 887-894.
- Alzohairy, M. A. (2016). Therapeutic role of Azadirachta indica (Neem) and their active constituents in disease prevention and treatment. Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2016, Article 7382506. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/7382506
- Amagloh, F. K., & Benang, A. (2009). Effectiveness of Moringa oleifera seed as coagulant for water purification. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 4(2), 119-123.
- Anjali DR, Veena JS, Nilesh NM, Mayuresh SM, Mandar JP, (2021) Waste Water Treatment by Using AGFM (Activated Glass Filter Media) and Eco-Clean 2300. International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology(IJSRST), 9(7), 109-112.
- Delelegn, A., Sahile, S., & Husen, A. (2018). Water purification and antibacterial efficacy of Moringa oleifera Lam. Agriculture and Food Security, 7(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40066-018-0177-1
- Delhi, N. (1974). Bureau of Indian Standards. IS 7212 (1974). Methods of determination of copper. https://crpf.gov.in/writereaddata/images/pdf/863092018.pdf
- Desta, W. M., & Bote, M. E. (2021). Wastewater treatment using a natural coagulant (Moringa oleifera seeds): Optimization through response surface methodology. Heliyon, 7(11), e08451. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08451
- Gowd, S. C., Ramesh, P., S, V. V., Barathi, S., & Lee, J. (2023). Life cycle assessment of comparing different nutrient recovery systems from municipal wastewater: A path towards self-reliance and sustainability. Journal of Cleaner Production, 410, 137331.
- Hassan, F., Umer, A., Sabri, M. A., Sarosh, A., & Ullah, N. (2018). Use of neem leaves for oil removal from waste water. In Pak. J. Engg. Appl. Sci., 23, 86-92.
- Kumar Dewangan, S., Neha Toppo, D., & Kujur, A. (2023). Investigating the impact of pH levels on water quality: An experimental approach. In International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET), 11(9), 756-759.
- Maharjan, S. (2019). Ocimum sanctum (Linn.); The queen of herbs. Eur. J. Biomed. Pharm. Sci., 6, 106-109.
- Mehdinejad, M. H., & Bina, B. (2018). Application of Moringa oleifera coagulant protein as a natural coagulant aid with alum for removal of heavy metals from raw water. Desalination and Water Treatment, 116, 187–194. https://doi.org/ 10.5004/dwt.2018.22546.
- Rana, C., Chandrul, K. K., & Kumar Sharma, G. (2022). The divine Tulsi: A herb for all reasons (Ocimum sanctum). In International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews, 3(7), 2236-2240.
- Sivaraja Bannari, P., Com, W. H., Sundaramurthi, P., Dhandapani, S., Ponnusamy, S., & Subbaiyan, M. (2012). Effect of Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum) as a disinfectant for water treatment. Hitek Journal of Bio Sciences and Bioengineering, 1(1), 1-7.
- Ugwu, S. N., Umuokoro, A. F., Echiegu, E. A., Ugwuishiwu, B. O., & Enweremadu, C. C. (2017). Comparative study of the use of natural and artificial coagulants for the treatment of sullage (domestic wastewater). Cogent Engineering, 4(1), e1365676. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311916.2017.1365676
- Ukpong, E., & Udechukwu, J. (2015). Analysis of coliform bacteria in WSPs at ALSCON using Macconkey broth and locally made solution. Global Journal of Engineering Research, 13(1), 21-34. https://doi.org/10.4314/gjer.v13i1.3
- Vikas, M., Kanjan, U., & Bhawna, M. (2014). Effect of neem (Azadirachta Indica) as natural absorbent on the ph of dairy waste water. International Journal of Engineering Research, 3(6), 56-58.
- Villaseñor-Basulto, D. L., Astudillo-Sánchez, P. D., Del Real-Olvera, J., & Bandala, E. R. (2018). Wastewater treatment using Moringa oleifera Lam seeds: A review. Journal of Water Process Engineering, 23, 151-164.
- Yao, N., Wang, J., & Zhou, Y. (2014). Rapid determination of the chemical oxygen demand of water using a thermal biosensor. Sensors (Switzerland), 14(6), 9949–9960. https://doi.org/ 10.3390/s140609949.
Assessing the Efficacy of Moringa, Neem, and Tulsi in Remediation of Sewage Water: A Comparative Study.
Öz
The increase in a population's production and consumption habits causes an exponential rise in household waste, resulting in a lack of clean drinking water which leads to the main cause of water pollution. A cost-effective method is to use herbs as they are abundant in secondary metabolites. The purpose of this study was to understand how indigenous herbs can be utilized for treating sewage water, that can be used by citizens to get access to clean drinking water. A low-cost method was created to investigate the efficacy of herbs such as Moringa oleifera (Moringa), Azadirachta indica (Neem), and Ocimum sanctum (Tulsi), in the treatment of sewage water. Four combinations of herbs were selected, and the results were compared with municipal-treated water from a wastewater treatment facility. The samples were tested for parameters such as Estimation of Copper, pH, Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), and Most Probable Number (Coliform). Coliform levels and copper levels in the herb-treated water were almost one-fourth the level as compared to sewage water. In both parameters, statistical significance was obtained. Statistical significance was considered at p < 0.034. The herb-treated samples showed a reduction in the COD and an increase in pH towards neutrality, as compared to the sewage water. In all combinations tested, the herbs were successful in improving the quality of water when compared to the sewage water as well as the municipal treated water. Hence, it can be concluded that herbs are a good natural resource that can be used for the treatment of sewage water, as they are easily available, and the method is sustainable.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Sewage water Moringa oleifera Azadirachta indica Water treatment.
Etik Beyan
The authors of the article declare that the data, information and documents presented in this article were obtained within the framework of academic and ethical rules, and that all information, documents, evaluations and results are presented in accordance with the rules of scientific ethics and morality (The authors of the article declare that the data, information and documents presented in this article have been obtained within the framework of academic and ethical rules, and that all information, documents, evaluations and results are presented in accordance with the rules of scientific ethics and ethics.
Destekleyen Kurum
Department of Life Sciences, Jai Hind College, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
Teşekkür
I sincerely wish to thank the Ghatkopar Wastewater treatment facility, managed by the Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai (MCGM), Mumbai, India, for providing me with the sample needed for this study and the cooperation of the staff at the facility. I also wish to thank my colleagues and the faculty at the Department of Life Sciences, Jai Hind College, Mumbai.
Kaynakça
- Aini, N., & Juwitaningtyas, T. (2022). Analysis of COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) on liquid waste of cheese production in PT. XYZ, Yogyakarta with iodometric titration method. Journal of Agri-Food Science and Technology, 2(2), 133–137. https://doi.org/10.12928/jafost.v2i2.5886
- Al Moharbi, S. S., Devi, M. G., Sangeetha, B. M., & Jahan, S. (2020). Studies on the removal of copper ions from industrial effluent by Azadirachta indica powder. Applied Water Science, 10(1), 23. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-019-1100-z
- Alo, M. N., Anyim, C., & Elom, M. (2012). Coagulation and antimicrobial activities of Moringa oleifera seed storage at 3°C temperature in turbid water. Advances in Applied Science Research, 3(2), 887-894.
- Alzohairy, M. A. (2016). Therapeutic role of Azadirachta indica (Neem) and their active constituents in disease prevention and treatment. Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2016, Article 7382506. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/7382506
- Amagloh, F. K., & Benang, A. (2009). Effectiveness of Moringa oleifera seed as coagulant for water purification. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 4(2), 119-123.
- Anjali DR, Veena JS, Nilesh NM, Mayuresh SM, Mandar JP, (2021) Waste Water Treatment by Using AGFM (Activated Glass Filter Media) and Eco-Clean 2300. International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology(IJSRST), 9(7), 109-112.
- Delelegn, A., Sahile, S., & Husen, A. (2018). Water purification and antibacterial efficacy of Moringa oleifera Lam. Agriculture and Food Security, 7(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40066-018-0177-1
- Delhi, N. (1974). Bureau of Indian Standards. IS 7212 (1974). Methods of determination of copper. https://crpf.gov.in/writereaddata/images/pdf/863092018.pdf
- Desta, W. M., & Bote, M. E. (2021). Wastewater treatment using a natural coagulant (Moringa oleifera seeds): Optimization through response surface methodology. Heliyon, 7(11), e08451. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08451
- Gowd, S. C., Ramesh, P., S, V. V., Barathi, S., & Lee, J. (2023). Life cycle assessment of comparing different nutrient recovery systems from municipal wastewater: A path towards self-reliance and sustainability. Journal of Cleaner Production, 410, 137331.
- Hassan, F., Umer, A., Sabri, M. A., Sarosh, A., & Ullah, N. (2018). Use of neem leaves for oil removal from waste water. In Pak. J. Engg. Appl. Sci., 23, 86-92.
- Kumar Dewangan, S., Neha Toppo, D., & Kujur, A. (2023). Investigating the impact of pH levels on water quality: An experimental approach. In International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET), 11(9), 756-759.
- Maharjan, S. (2019). Ocimum sanctum (Linn.); The queen of herbs. Eur. J. Biomed. Pharm. Sci., 6, 106-109.
- Mehdinejad, M. H., & Bina, B. (2018). Application of Moringa oleifera coagulant protein as a natural coagulant aid with alum for removal of heavy metals from raw water. Desalination and Water Treatment, 116, 187–194. https://doi.org/ 10.5004/dwt.2018.22546.
- Rana, C., Chandrul, K. K., & Kumar Sharma, G. (2022). The divine Tulsi: A herb for all reasons (Ocimum sanctum). In International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews, 3(7), 2236-2240.
- Sivaraja Bannari, P., Com, W. H., Sundaramurthi, P., Dhandapani, S., Ponnusamy, S., & Subbaiyan, M. (2012). Effect of Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum) as a disinfectant for water treatment. Hitek Journal of Bio Sciences and Bioengineering, 1(1), 1-7.
- Ugwu, S. N., Umuokoro, A. F., Echiegu, E. A., Ugwuishiwu, B. O., & Enweremadu, C. C. (2017). Comparative study of the use of natural and artificial coagulants for the treatment of sullage (domestic wastewater). Cogent Engineering, 4(1), e1365676. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311916.2017.1365676
- Ukpong, E., & Udechukwu, J. (2015). Analysis of coliform bacteria in WSPs at ALSCON using Macconkey broth and locally made solution. Global Journal of Engineering Research, 13(1), 21-34. https://doi.org/10.4314/gjer.v13i1.3
- Vikas, M., Kanjan, U., & Bhawna, M. (2014). Effect of neem (Azadirachta Indica) as natural absorbent on the ph of dairy waste water. International Journal of Engineering Research, 3(6), 56-58.
- Villaseñor-Basulto, D. L., Astudillo-Sánchez, P. D., Del Real-Olvera, J., & Bandala, E. R. (2018). Wastewater treatment using Moringa oleifera Lam seeds: A review. Journal of Water Process Engineering, 23, 151-164.
- Yao, N., Wang, J., & Zhou, Y. (2014). Rapid determination of the chemical oxygen demand of water using a thermal biosensor. Sensors (Switzerland), 14(6), 9949–9960. https://doi.org/ 10.3390/s140609949.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Bitki Bilimi (Diğer) |
| Bölüm | ARAŞTIRMA MAKALESİ (Research Article) |
| Yazarlar | |
| Erken Görünüm Tarihi | 15 Eylül 2024 |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 15 Mart 2024 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 18 Ağustos 2024 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2024Cilt: 27 Sayı: Ek Sayı 1 (Suppl 1) |
2022-JIF = 0.500
2022-JCI = 0.170
Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi (International
Peer Reviewed Journal)
Dergimiz, herhangi bir başvuru veya yayımlama ücreti almamaktadır. (Free submission and publication)
Yılda 6 sayı yayınlanır. (Published 6 times a year)
Bu web sitesi Creative Commons Atıf 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı ile lisanslanmıştır.