Öz
In many studies conducted in recent years, it has been found that the beneficial natural ingredients found in mushrooms are very important in curing various diseases and eliminating disease factors. It has been reported that fungi that spread in different countries have biological activities. In this study, antioxidant level (TAS), oxidant level (TOS), and antibacterial and antifungalactivity of Entoloma sinuatum (Bull.) P. Kumm were determined. Ethanol extract of the mushroom was extracted in a Soxhlet apparatus. Antioxidant and oxidant levels were determined using Rel Assay TAS and TOS kits. Also, antimicrobial activity was tested against bacterial and fungal strains using the agar dilution method. As a result of the studies, the TAS value of the mushroom was determined 2.64±0.15, the TOS value was 6.58±0.23, and the OSI (Oxidative stress index) value was 0.25±0.02. In addition, it was determined that the ethanol extract of the mushroom was effective against bacteria at 200 and 400 μg/mL, and against fungi at 50 μg/mL concentrations. As a result, it was determined that E. sinuatum is a natural antioxidant and antimicrobial agent.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Antioxidant Antibacterial Antifungal Entoloma sinuatum Medicinal mushroom
Teşekkür
We thanks to Osmaniye Korkut Ata University, Central Research Laboratory for their support.
Kaynakça
- Abdalla SSI, Katas H, Chan JY, Ganasan P, Azmi F, Busra MFM 2020. Antimicrobial activity of multifaceted lactoferrin or graphene oxide functionalized silver nanocomposites biosynthesized using mushroom waste and chitosan. RSC Advances 10(9): 4969-4983.
- Ahmed, A, Kamran Taj M, Yonglıang Z, Taj I, Hassani MT, Sajıd M, Ahmed Z, Ullah AU, Menga MA, Liping, S 2015. Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Properties of Eight Wild Edible Boletaceae Mushrooms Growing in Yunnan Province of China. Jökull Journal 65(12): 146-167.
- Bae MJ, Kim KJ, Kim SJ, Ye EJ 2007. Effect of mycelia extracts from Lentinus edodes mushroom-cultured Astragalus membranaceus Bunge on anti-cancer and anti-allergy activities. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 36(1): 8-13.
- Bal C, Akgul H, Sevindik M, Akata I, Yumrutas O 2017. Determination of the anti-oxidative activities of six mushrooms. Fresenius Environ Bull 26(10): 6246-6252.
- Bal C, Sevindik M, Akgul H, Selamoglu Z 2019. Oxidative stress index and antioxidant capacity of Lepista nuda collected from Gaziantep/Turkey. Sigma, 37(1): 1-5.
- Bastida J, Viladomat F, Llabrés JM, Codina C 1987. Screening of higher fungi from Catalonia for alkaloids-II. Int J Crude Drug Res 25(3): 129-132.
- CLSI (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute). 2002. Reference Method for Broth Dilution Antifungal Susceptibility Testing of Yeasts; Approved Standard-Second Edition. NCCLS document M27-A2 (ISBN 1-56238-469-4). NCCLS Pennsylvania USA.
- CLSI (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute). 2003. Methods for Dilution Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests for Bacteria That Grow Aerobically; Approved Standard-Seventh Edition, CLSI Document M7-A7, Pennsylvania USA.
- Erel O 2004. A novel automated direct measurement method for total antioxidant capacity using a new generation, more stable ABTS radical cation. Clin biochem 37(4): 277-285.
- Erel O 2005. A new automated colorimetric method for measuring total oxidant status. Clin biochem 38(12): 1103-1111.
- Garcia-Lafuentea A, Moro C, Villares A, Guillamon E, Rostagno MA, D'Arrigo M, Alfredo Martinez J 2010. Mushrooms as a source of anti-inflammatory agents. Antiinflamm Antiallergy Agents Med Chem 9(2): 125-141.
- Hindler J, Hochstein L, Howell A 1992. Preparation of routine media and reagents used in antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Part 1. McFarland standards, p. 5.19.1-5.19.6. In H. D. Isenberg (ed) Clinical microbiology procedures handbook, vol. 1. American Society for Microbiology, Washington, D.C.
- İnci Ş, Kırbağ S 2018. Terfezia claveryi Chatin’in besinsel içeriği, antioksidan ve antimikrobiyal aktivitesi. Artvin Çoruh Univ Orman Fak Derg 19(2): 138-143.
- İnci Ş, Kadıoğlu Dalkılıç L, Dalkılıç S, Kırbağ S 2019. Helvella leucomelaena (Pers.) Nannf.’ın antimikrobiyal ve antioksidan Etkisi. Artvin Çoruh Univ Orman Fak Derg 20(2): 249-253.
- Kodiyalmath JK, Krishnappa M 2018. Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity of Mycelia and Sporocarp of Entoloma speculum. Int J Pharm Sci Res 9(3): 1237-1241.
- Krupodorova T, Sevindik M 2020. Antioxidant Potential and Some Mineral Contents of Wild Edible Mushroom Ramaria stricta. AgroLife Sci J 9(1): 186-191
- Lamaison JL, Polese JM 2005. The Great Encyclopedia of Mushrooms. Königswinter, Germany: Könemann. p. 116.
- Liu K, Xiao X, Wang J, Chen CYO, Hu H 2017. Polyphenolic composition and antioxidant, antiproliferative, and antimicrobial activities of mushroom Inonotus sanghuang. LWT-Food Sci Tech 82: 154-161.
- Lu X, Brennan MA, Serventi L, Liu J, Guan W, Brennan CS 2018. Addition of mushroom powder to pasta enhances the antioxidant content and modulates the predictive glycaemic response of pasta. Food Chem 264: 199-209.
- Mushtaq W, Baba H, Akata I, Sevindik M 2020. Antioxidant potential and element contents of wild edible mushroom Suillus granulatus. KSÜ Tarım ve Doğa Derg 23(3): 592-595.
- Osman A, Toliba AO 2019. Hepatoprotective Effects of Crude Phenolic-rich Extract from Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus). Egypt J Food Sci 47(1): 157-164.
- Reinoso R, Cajas-Madriaga D, Martinez M, San Martin A, Perez C, Fajardo V, Becerra J 2013. Biological activity of macromycetes isolated from Chilean subantarctic ecosystems. J Chil Chem Soc 58(4): 2016-2019.
- Selamoglu Z, Sevindik M, Bal C, Ozaltun B, Sen İ, Pasdaran A 2020. Antioxidant, antimicrobial and DNA protection activities of phenolic content of Tricholoma virgatum (Fr.) P. Kumm. Biointerface Res. Appl Chem 10(3): 5500-5506
- Sevindik M 2018. Investigation of antioxidant/oxidant status and antimicrobial activities of Lentinus tigrinus. Adv Pharmacol Sci 2018. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/1718025
- Sevindik M 2019. The novel biological tests on various extracts of Cerioporus varius. Fresenius Environ Bull 28(5): 3713-3717.
- Sevindik M 2020. Antioxidant and antimicrobial capacity of Lactifluus rugatus and its antiproliferative activity on A549 cells. Indian J Tradit Know 19(2): 423-427.
- Sevindik M, Akgul H, Bal C, Selamoglu Z 2018. Phenolic contents, oxidant/antioxidant potential and heavy metal levels in Cyclocybe cylindracea. Indian J Pharm Educ Res 52(3): 437-441.
- Sevindik M, Akgul H, Selamoglu Z, Braidy N 2020. Antioxidant and antigenotoxic potential of Infundibulicybe geotropa mushroom collected from Northwestern Turkey. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2020. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/5620484
- Umaña M, Eim V, Garau C, Rosselló C, Simal S 2020. Ultrasound-assisted extraction of ergosterol and antioxidant components from mushroom by-products and the attainment of a β-glucan rich residue. Food Chem 332: 127390.
- Zeitlmayr L 1976. Wild Mushrooms: An Illustrated Handbook. Hertfordshire, UK: Garden City Press. p. 80.
- Zhang J, Zhang J, Zhao L, Shui X, Wang LA, Wu Y 2019. Antioxidant and anti-aging activities of ethyl acetate extract of the coral tooth mushroom, Hericium coralloides (Agaricomycetes). Int J Med Mushrooms 21(6): 561-570.
Öz
Son yıllarda yapılan birçok çalışmada mantarlarda bulunan faydalı doğal bileşenlerin çeşitli hastalıkları iyileştirmede ve hastalık etkenini ortadan kaldırmada çok önemli olduğu bulunmuştur. Farklı ülkelerde yayılış gösteren mantarların biyolojik aktivitelerinin olduğu bildirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada Türkiye’de Entoloma sinuatum (Bull.) P. Kumm’un antioksidan seviyesi, oksidan seviyesi ve antimikrobiyal aktivitesi belirlendi. Mantarın etanol özütü soxhlet cihazında çıkarıldı. Antioksidan ve oksidan seviyeleri Rel Assay TAS ve TOS kitleri kullanılarak belirlendi. Ayrıca antibakteriyel ve antifungal aktivite agar dilüsyon metodu kullanılarak bakteri ve fungus suşlarına karşı test edildi. Yapılan çalışmalar sonucunda mantarın TAS değeri 2.64±0.15, TOS değeri 6.58±0.23 ve OSI (Oksidatif stres indeksi) değeri 0.25±0.02 olarak belirlendi. Ayrıca mantarın etanol özütünün bakterilere karşı 200 ve 400 μg/mL, funguslara karşı 50 μg/mL konsantrasyonlarda etkili olduğu belirlendi. Sonuç olarak E. sinuatum'un doğal antioksidan ve antimikrobiyal ajan olduğu belirlendi.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Antioksidan Tıbbi mantarlar Antibakteriyel Antifundal Entoloma sinuatum
Kaynakça
- Abdalla SSI, Katas H, Chan JY, Ganasan P, Azmi F, Busra MFM 2020. Antimicrobial activity of multifaceted lactoferrin or graphene oxide functionalized silver nanocomposites biosynthesized using mushroom waste and chitosan. RSC Advances 10(9): 4969-4983.
- Ahmed, A, Kamran Taj M, Yonglıang Z, Taj I, Hassani MT, Sajıd M, Ahmed Z, Ullah AU, Menga MA, Liping, S 2015. Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Properties of Eight Wild Edible Boletaceae Mushrooms Growing in Yunnan Province of China. Jökull Journal 65(12): 146-167.
- Bae MJ, Kim KJ, Kim SJ, Ye EJ 2007. Effect of mycelia extracts from Lentinus edodes mushroom-cultured Astragalus membranaceus Bunge on anti-cancer and anti-allergy activities. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 36(1): 8-13.
- Bal C, Akgul H, Sevindik M, Akata I, Yumrutas O 2017. Determination of the anti-oxidative activities of six mushrooms. Fresenius Environ Bull 26(10): 6246-6252.
- Bal C, Sevindik M, Akgul H, Selamoglu Z 2019. Oxidative stress index and antioxidant capacity of Lepista nuda collected from Gaziantep/Turkey. Sigma, 37(1): 1-5.
- Bastida J, Viladomat F, Llabrés JM, Codina C 1987. Screening of higher fungi from Catalonia for alkaloids-II. Int J Crude Drug Res 25(3): 129-132.
- CLSI (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute). 2002. Reference Method for Broth Dilution Antifungal Susceptibility Testing of Yeasts; Approved Standard-Second Edition. NCCLS document M27-A2 (ISBN 1-56238-469-4). NCCLS Pennsylvania USA.
- CLSI (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute). 2003. Methods for Dilution Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests for Bacteria That Grow Aerobically; Approved Standard-Seventh Edition, CLSI Document M7-A7, Pennsylvania USA.
- Erel O 2004. A novel automated direct measurement method for total antioxidant capacity using a new generation, more stable ABTS radical cation. Clin biochem 37(4): 277-285.
- Erel O 2005. A new automated colorimetric method for measuring total oxidant status. Clin biochem 38(12): 1103-1111.
- Garcia-Lafuentea A, Moro C, Villares A, Guillamon E, Rostagno MA, D'Arrigo M, Alfredo Martinez J 2010. Mushrooms as a source of anti-inflammatory agents. Antiinflamm Antiallergy Agents Med Chem 9(2): 125-141.
- Hindler J, Hochstein L, Howell A 1992. Preparation of routine media and reagents used in antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Part 1. McFarland standards, p. 5.19.1-5.19.6. In H. D. Isenberg (ed) Clinical microbiology procedures handbook, vol. 1. American Society for Microbiology, Washington, D.C.
- İnci Ş, Kırbağ S 2018. Terfezia claveryi Chatin’in besinsel içeriği, antioksidan ve antimikrobiyal aktivitesi. Artvin Çoruh Univ Orman Fak Derg 19(2): 138-143.
- İnci Ş, Kadıoğlu Dalkılıç L, Dalkılıç S, Kırbağ S 2019. Helvella leucomelaena (Pers.) Nannf.’ın antimikrobiyal ve antioksidan Etkisi. Artvin Çoruh Univ Orman Fak Derg 20(2): 249-253.
- Kodiyalmath JK, Krishnappa M 2018. Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity of Mycelia and Sporocarp of Entoloma speculum. Int J Pharm Sci Res 9(3): 1237-1241.
- Krupodorova T, Sevindik M 2020. Antioxidant Potential and Some Mineral Contents of Wild Edible Mushroom Ramaria stricta. AgroLife Sci J 9(1): 186-191
- Lamaison JL, Polese JM 2005. The Great Encyclopedia of Mushrooms. Königswinter, Germany: Könemann. p. 116.
- Liu K, Xiao X, Wang J, Chen CYO, Hu H 2017. Polyphenolic composition and antioxidant, antiproliferative, and antimicrobial activities of mushroom Inonotus sanghuang. LWT-Food Sci Tech 82: 154-161.
- Lu X, Brennan MA, Serventi L, Liu J, Guan W, Brennan CS 2018. Addition of mushroom powder to pasta enhances the antioxidant content and modulates the predictive glycaemic response of pasta. Food Chem 264: 199-209.
- Mushtaq W, Baba H, Akata I, Sevindik M 2020. Antioxidant potential and element contents of wild edible mushroom Suillus granulatus. KSÜ Tarım ve Doğa Derg 23(3): 592-595.
- Osman A, Toliba AO 2019. Hepatoprotective Effects of Crude Phenolic-rich Extract from Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus). Egypt J Food Sci 47(1): 157-164.
- Reinoso R, Cajas-Madriaga D, Martinez M, San Martin A, Perez C, Fajardo V, Becerra J 2013. Biological activity of macromycetes isolated from Chilean subantarctic ecosystems. J Chil Chem Soc 58(4): 2016-2019.
- Selamoglu Z, Sevindik M, Bal C, Ozaltun B, Sen İ, Pasdaran A 2020. Antioxidant, antimicrobial and DNA protection activities of phenolic content of Tricholoma virgatum (Fr.) P. Kumm. Biointerface Res. Appl Chem 10(3): 5500-5506
- Sevindik M 2018. Investigation of antioxidant/oxidant status and antimicrobial activities of Lentinus tigrinus. Adv Pharmacol Sci 2018. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/1718025
- Sevindik M 2019. The novel biological tests on various extracts of Cerioporus varius. Fresenius Environ Bull 28(5): 3713-3717.
- Sevindik M 2020. Antioxidant and antimicrobial capacity of Lactifluus rugatus and its antiproliferative activity on A549 cells. Indian J Tradit Know 19(2): 423-427.
- Sevindik M, Akgul H, Bal C, Selamoglu Z 2018. Phenolic contents, oxidant/antioxidant potential and heavy metal levels in Cyclocybe cylindracea. Indian J Pharm Educ Res 52(3): 437-441.
- Sevindik M, Akgul H, Selamoglu Z, Braidy N 2020. Antioxidant and antigenotoxic potential of Infundibulicybe geotropa mushroom collected from Northwestern Turkey. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2020. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/5620484
- Umaña M, Eim V, Garau C, Rosselló C, Simal S 2020. Ultrasound-assisted extraction of ergosterol and antioxidant components from mushroom by-products and the attainment of a β-glucan rich residue. Food Chem 332: 127390.
- Zeitlmayr L 1976. Wild Mushrooms: An Illustrated Handbook. Hertfordshire, UK: Garden City Press. p. 80.
- Zhang J, Zhang J, Zhao L, Shui X, Wang LA, Wu Y 2019. Antioxidant and anti-aging activities of ethyl acetate extract of the coral tooth mushroom, Hericium coralloides (Agaricomycetes). Int J Med Mushrooms 21(6): 561-570.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Yapısal Biyoloji |
| Bölüm | ARAŞTIRMA MAKALESİ (Research Article) |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 28 Şubat 2022 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 14 Şubat 2021 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 6 Mayıs 2021 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2022 |
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