Spirogyra aequinoctialis’in Farklı Çözgenler Ile Hazırlanan Ekstraktlarının Antibakteriyal ve Antifungal Etkileri
Öz
Bu çalışmada, sucul ortamlardan alınıp laboratuvar ortamına getirilerek izole edilen ve teşhis yöntemleri kullanarak tür tanımlaması yapılmış olan alg türü Spirogyra aequinoctialis ekstraktların çeşitli mikroorganizma türleri üzerinde antibakteriyal ve antifungal etkileri araştırılmıştır. Spirogyra ekstraktları, 0.5 M Tris-HCL pH:8.00, N-butanol ve Etanol ile hazırlanmıştır. Antimikrobiyal aktivite testleri, disk difüzyon yöntemi ile Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 7644, Escherichia coli O 157:H7, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Salmonella typhimurium CCM 5445, Candida albicans ATCC 10239 mikroorganizmaları üzerinde denenmiştir. Antibakteriyal aktivite testleri ile, S. aequinoctialis’in tampon ekstraktının, Escherichia coli O 157:H7 üzerinde oldukça etkili antibakteriyal özelliğe sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 suşunun en duyarlı mikroorganizma, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 suşunun ise en dirençli mikroorganizma olduğu; en etkili çözücünün 0.5 M Tris-HCL pH:8.00 olduğu kaydedilmiştir. Antifungal aktivite testleri ile S. aequinoctialis’in etanol ekstraktının, Candida albicans ATCC 10239 üzerinde oldukça etkili antifungal özelliğe sahip olduğu görülmüştür.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Spirogyra aequinoctialis Antibakteriyal aktivite Antifungal Aktivite Disk Difüzyon Metodu
Kaynakça
- Andersen R A 2004. Algal Culturing Techniques. Elsevier Academic Press, Phycological Society, New York, 356 sy.
- Çerikçioğlu N 2012. Mantarlarda virulans faktörleri. ANKEM Dergisi 26(2): 261-269.
- Dayuti S 2018. Antibacterial Activity of Red a Algae (Gracilaria verrucosa) Extract Against Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, IOP Publishing 137 (1):012074.
- Demorais MG, Silvavaz BD, Morais E G, Vieira Costa J A 2015. Biologically Active Metabolites Synthesized by Microalgae. Laboratory of Microbiology and Biochemistry, J. Nat. Prod. 75 (3): 311–335.
- Dvir I, Stark AH, Chayoth R, Madar Z, Arad SM 2009. Hypocholesterolemic Effects of Nutraceuticals Produced from the Red Microalga Porphyridium sp. in Rats. Nutrients 1(2): 156–167.
- Guiry MD, Nic Dhonncha E 2001. Algae Base. Online document at: www.algaebase.org.
- Kaushik P, Chauhan A, Chauhan G, Goyal P 2008. Evaluation of Nostoc commune for Potential Antibacterial Activity and UV-HPLC Analysis of Methanol Extract. Int J Microbiol. 5(1): 1-5.
- Lobban CS, Chapman DJ, Kremer BP 1988. Experimental Phycology A Laboratory Manua. Chambridge Univ.Press, 2941 sy.
- Mansuya P, Aruna P, Sridhar S, Kumar JS, Babu S 2010. Antibacterial Activity and Qualitative Phytochemical Analysis of Selected Seaweeds from Gulf of Mannar Region. Journal of Experimental Sciences 1(8):23-26.
- Moniharapon E, Hashinaga F 2004. Antimicrobial Activity of Atung (Parinarium glaberrimum Hassk) Fruit Extract. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 7(6): 1057-1061.
- Nabavi SF, Nabavi SM, Ebrahimzadeh MA, Jafari N, Yazdanpanah S 2013. Biological Activities of Freshwater Algae, Spirogyra singularis Nordstedt. Journal of Aquatic Food Product Technology 22:58–65.
- Okunowo WO, Oyedeji AO, Ilesanmi JA, Afolabi LO, Umunmakwe IE 2017. Antimicrobial, Antioxidant Potential and Chemical Composition of the Methanolic Extracts of Spirogyra setiformis and Navicula species. Journal of Scientific Research and Development 17(1): 15-20.
- Patra JK, Baek KH 2016. Antibacterial Activity and Action Mechanism of the Essential Oil from Enteromorpha linza L. against Foodborne Pathogenic Bacteria. Molecules 21(3): 388.
- Pérez M J, Falqué Eand Domínguez H 2016. Antimicrobial Action of Compounds From Marine Seaweed. Mar. Drugs 14 (3): 52.
- Pereira L, Magalhaes J 2014. Neto, Marine Algae, Biodiversity, Taxonomy, Environmental Assessment and Biotechnology. CRC Press, 398sy.
- Quinn J, Li HH, Singer J, Morimoto B, Mets L, Kindle K, Merchant S 1993. The Pastocyanin-Deficient Phenotype of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Ac-208 Results From a Frame-shift Mutation in the Nuclear Gene Encoding Preapoplastocyanin. J. Biol. Chem. 268 (1): 7832-7841.
- Rauha J, Remes S, Heinonen M, Hopia A, Kahkönen M, Kujala T, Pihlaja K, Vuorela H, Vuorela P 2000. Antimicrobial Effects of Finnish Plant Extracts Containing Flaconoids and Other Phenolic Compounds. Intern. J. Food Microbiol. 56: 3-12.
- Ravikumar S, Anburajan L, Meena B 2016. Antibacterial Activity of Ulva reticulata from Southwest Coast of Kanyakumari. India. Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 4 (3): 246-247.
- Rippka R, Deruelles J, Waterbury JB, Herdman M, Stanier RY 1979. Generic Assignments, Strain Histories and Properties of Pure Cultures of Cyanobacteria. J. Gen. Microb. 111: 1-61.
- Saleh B, Al-Mariri A 2017. Antimicrobial Activity of the Marine Algal Extracts Against Selected Pathogens. J Agric Sci Tech. 19:1067-1077.
- Sharma N, Gruszewski H A, Park S W, Holm D G, Vivanco J M 2004. Purification of an Isoform of Patatin with Antimicrobial Activity Against Phytophthora infestans. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 42: 647-655.
- Silici S, Koc AN 2006. Comparative Study of In vitro Methods to Analyse the Antifungal Activity of Propolis Against Yeasts İsolated from Patients with Superficial Mycoses. Letters in Applied Microbiology 43 (3):318-324.
- Srivastava N, Sueela MR, Toppo K, Lawrence R, 2017. Antimicrobial Activity of Some Potential Green Algal Strains Isolated from Bundelkhand Region Uttar Pradesh. International Journal of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science (IJMPS) 7(4):15-26.
- Şenol G, Kirakli C, Halilçolar H 2007. In vitro Antibacterial Activities of Oral Care Products Against Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia Pathogens. American Journal of Infection Control 35(8): 531-535.
- Yoldaş MA, Katırcıoğlu H, Beyatlı Y 2003. Bazı Mavi-Yeşil Alglerin (Cyanophyta- Cyanobacteria) Poli-β-hidroksibütirat (PHB) Üretimi ve Antimikrobiyal Aktivitelerinin İncelenmesi. E.Ü. Su Ürünleri Dergisi 20 (3): 467-471.
Antibacterial and Antifungal Effects of Extracts of Spirogyra aequinoctialis Prepared with Different Solvents
Öz
In this study, the antibacterial and antifungal effects of algae species Spirogyra aequinoctialis extracts, which were taken from aquatic environments and brought to the laboratory environment and isolated by using diagnostic methods, on various microorganism species were investigated. Spirogyra extracts were prepared with 0.5 M Tris-HCL pH:8.00, N-butanol and Ethanol. Antimicrobial activities of the extracts were tested on Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 7644, Escherichia coli O 157:H7, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Salmonella typhimurium ATCC, Candida albicans ATCC 10239 by disc diffusion method. As a result, it was determined that the buffer extract of S. aequinoctialis had highly effective antibacterial properties on Escherichia coli O 157:H7. Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 strain was identified as the most susceptible microorganism, while Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 strain was the most resistant microorganism. It was also noted that the most effective solvent was 0.5 M Tris-HCL pH: 8.00. Antifungal activity tests showed that the ethanol extract of S. aequinoctialis had highly effective antifungal properties on Candida albicans ATCC 10239.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Spirogyra aequinoctialis Antibacterial Activity Antifungal Activity Disc Diffusion Method
Kaynakça
- Andersen R A 2004. Algal Culturing Techniques. Elsevier Academic Press, Phycological Society, New York, 356 sy.
- Çerikçioğlu N 2012. Mantarlarda virulans faktörleri. ANKEM Dergisi 26(2): 261-269.
- Dayuti S 2018. Antibacterial Activity of Red a Algae (Gracilaria verrucosa) Extract Against Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, IOP Publishing 137 (1):012074.
- Demorais MG, Silvavaz BD, Morais E G, Vieira Costa J A 2015. Biologically Active Metabolites Synthesized by Microalgae. Laboratory of Microbiology and Biochemistry, J. Nat. Prod. 75 (3): 311–335.
- Dvir I, Stark AH, Chayoth R, Madar Z, Arad SM 2009. Hypocholesterolemic Effects of Nutraceuticals Produced from the Red Microalga Porphyridium sp. in Rats. Nutrients 1(2): 156–167.
- Guiry MD, Nic Dhonncha E 2001. Algae Base. Online document at: www.algaebase.org.
- Kaushik P, Chauhan A, Chauhan G, Goyal P 2008. Evaluation of Nostoc commune for Potential Antibacterial Activity and UV-HPLC Analysis of Methanol Extract. Int J Microbiol. 5(1): 1-5.
- Lobban CS, Chapman DJ, Kremer BP 1988. Experimental Phycology A Laboratory Manua. Chambridge Univ.Press, 2941 sy.
- Mansuya P, Aruna P, Sridhar S, Kumar JS, Babu S 2010. Antibacterial Activity and Qualitative Phytochemical Analysis of Selected Seaweeds from Gulf of Mannar Region. Journal of Experimental Sciences 1(8):23-26.
- Moniharapon E, Hashinaga F 2004. Antimicrobial Activity of Atung (Parinarium glaberrimum Hassk) Fruit Extract. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 7(6): 1057-1061.
- Nabavi SF, Nabavi SM, Ebrahimzadeh MA, Jafari N, Yazdanpanah S 2013. Biological Activities of Freshwater Algae, Spirogyra singularis Nordstedt. Journal of Aquatic Food Product Technology 22:58–65.
- Okunowo WO, Oyedeji AO, Ilesanmi JA, Afolabi LO, Umunmakwe IE 2017. Antimicrobial, Antioxidant Potential and Chemical Composition of the Methanolic Extracts of Spirogyra setiformis and Navicula species. Journal of Scientific Research and Development 17(1): 15-20.
- Patra JK, Baek KH 2016. Antibacterial Activity and Action Mechanism of the Essential Oil from Enteromorpha linza L. against Foodborne Pathogenic Bacteria. Molecules 21(3): 388.
- Pérez M J, Falqué Eand Domínguez H 2016. Antimicrobial Action of Compounds From Marine Seaweed. Mar. Drugs 14 (3): 52.
- Pereira L, Magalhaes J 2014. Neto, Marine Algae, Biodiversity, Taxonomy, Environmental Assessment and Biotechnology. CRC Press, 398sy.
- Quinn J, Li HH, Singer J, Morimoto B, Mets L, Kindle K, Merchant S 1993. The Pastocyanin-Deficient Phenotype of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Ac-208 Results From a Frame-shift Mutation in the Nuclear Gene Encoding Preapoplastocyanin. J. Biol. Chem. 268 (1): 7832-7841.
- Rauha J, Remes S, Heinonen M, Hopia A, Kahkönen M, Kujala T, Pihlaja K, Vuorela H, Vuorela P 2000. Antimicrobial Effects of Finnish Plant Extracts Containing Flaconoids and Other Phenolic Compounds. Intern. J. Food Microbiol. 56: 3-12.
- Ravikumar S, Anburajan L, Meena B 2016. Antibacterial Activity of Ulva reticulata from Southwest Coast of Kanyakumari. India. Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 4 (3): 246-247.
- Rippka R, Deruelles J, Waterbury JB, Herdman M, Stanier RY 1979. Generic Assignments, Strain Histories and Properties of Pure Cultures of Cyanobacteria. J. Gen. Microb. 111: 1-61.
- Saleh B, Al-Mariri A 2017. Antimicrobial Activity of the Marine Algal Extracts Against Selected Pathogens. J Agric Sci Tech. 19:1067-1077.
- Sharma N, Gruszewski H A, Park S W, Holm D G, Vivanco J M 2004. Purification of an Isoform of Patatin with Antimicrobial Activity Against Phytophthora infestans. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 42: 647-655.
- Silici S, Koc AN 2006. Comparative Study of In vitro Methods to Analyse the Antifungal Activity of Propolis Against Yeasts İsolated from Patients with Superficial Mycoses. Letters in Applied Microbiology 43 (3):318-324.
- Srivastava N, Sueela MR, Toppo K, Lawrence R, 2017. Antimicrobial Activity of Some Potential Green Algal Strains Isolated from Bundelkhand Region Uttar Pradesh. International Journal of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science (IJMPS) 7(4):15-26.
- Şenol G, Kirakli C, Halilçolar H 2007. In vitro Antibacterial Activities of Oral Care Products Against Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia Pathogens. American Journal of Infection Control 35(8): 531-535.
- Yoldaş MA, Katırcıoğlu H, Beyatlı Y 2003. Bazı Mavi-Yeşil Alglerin (Cyanophyta- Cyanobacteria) Poli-β-hidroksibütirat (PHB) Üretimi ve Antimikrobiyal Aktivitelerinin İncelenmesi. E.Ü. Su Ürünleri Dergisi 20 (3): 467-471.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Yapısal Biyoloji |
| Bölüm | ARAŞTIRMA MAKALESİ (Research Article) |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 31 Ekim 2022 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 5 Ağustos 2021 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 7 Ekim 2021 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2022 |
2022-JIF = 0.500
2022-JCI = 0.170
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