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Research Article
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Investigation of The Effects of Some Endogenous Hormones Determined in Nodes, Different Pruning and Planting Systems on Fruiting in Gemlik Olive Cultivar

Year 2022, Volume: 25 Issue: 4, 658 - 667, 31.08.2022

Sabriye Atmaca Salih Ülger

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.976405

Abstract

In this study, the effects of different plantings [5x5m (control), 4x3m and 4x1.5m] and pruning [control (unpruned), vase and vertical axe] and some endogenous hormones [abscisic acid (ABA), gibberellic acid (GA3), indole acetic acid (IAA) and zeatin (Z)] detected in the nodes on the shortening of youth period in 'Gemlik' olive cultivar in Antalya conditions were investigated. For hormone analysis, annual shoots were taken from the olive trees every month from 80 cm above the soil level and around the tree 360o, and the nodes in the shoots were used in hormone analysis. In the first year of the experiment, the trees planted 5x5m did not produce fruit, while the trees planted 4x3m and 4x1.5m yielded fruit. In the second year, fruit set was observed in all planting density and pruning applications. The fruit set rates obtained in the second year were higher than the first year. The best growth and fruit set were obtained from the trees planted at 4x3m and pruned in a vase shape. Depending on the planting distance, it has been determined that the period of juvenile period may increase or decrease in the 'Gemlik' olive. While planting distances were effective on internal ABA, GA3, IAA and Z levels determined in the node samples, pruning practices were found to be ineffective.

Keywords

Olive Planting densities Pruning Endogenous plant hormones

Project Number

2008.03.0121.012

References

  • Atmaca S, Ülger S 2017. Gemlik Zeytin Çeşidinin Sık Dikime ve Farklı Budama Uygulamalarına Uygunluğunun Araştırılması: 2007-2010 Dönemi. Mediterrenean Agricultural Science 30(1): 1-5.
  • Atmaca S, Ulger S 2021. TheEffects of Different Planting Densities and Pruning on Changes of Endogenous Hormone Levels in Shoot Tips and Flowering in ‘Gemlik’ Olive Cultivar. Erwerbs-Obstbau 63(2): 201-207. doi:10.1007/s10341-021-00558-6
  • Abu-Zahra T, Al-Dmoor H 2013. Seasonal Changes in Endogenous Plant Hormones and Alternate Bearing of Nabali Olive (Olea europea L.) Trees. Asian Journal of Plant Sciences 12(6): 241-246.
  • Badr SA, Hartmann HT, Martin GC 1970. Endogenous Gibberellins and Inhibitors in Relation to Flower Induction and Inflorescence Development in the Olive. Plant Physiology 46: 674-679.
  • Baktir I, Ulger S, Kaynak L, Himelrick DG 2004. Relationship of Seasonal Changes in Endogenous Plant Hormones and Alternate Bearing of Olive Trees. HortScience 39(5): 987-990.
  • Bandino G, Moro C, Sedda P, Mulas M 2002. The Bosanaasa Cultivar for Intensive Olive Growing. Acta Horticulturea 586: 217-220.
  • Bangerth F 2006. Flower Induction in Perennial Fruit Trees: Still an Enigma. Acta Horticulturae 727: 177-195.
  • Baydar H, Ulger S 1998. Correlations Between Changes in the Amount of Endogenous Phytohormones and Flowering in the Safflower (Carthamus tinctoriusL.) Turkish Journal of Biology 22: 421-425.
  • Camposeo S, Ferrara G, Palasciano M, Godini A 2008. Varietal Behaviour According to the Super Intensive Olive Culture Training System. Acta Horticulturae 791: 271-274.
  • Camposeo S, Godini A 2010. Preliminary Observations About the Performance of 13 Varieties According to the Super High Density Olive culture Training System in Apulia (Southern Italy). Advances in Horticultural Science 24(1): 16-20.
  • Chen WS 1991. Changes in Cytokinins Before and During Early Flower Bud Differentiation in Lychee (Litchi chinensis Sonn.). Plant Physiology 96: 1203- 120.
  • Cunill M, Duran S, Mestre M, Bordas M 2006. Seleccion de Variedades Mejoradas de Olivo Adaptadas a Condiciones de Produccion Super Intensiva. Actas de Horticultura 45: 183-184.
  • Çetinkaya H 2004. Mutlak ve Oransal Periyodisite Gösteren Bazı Antepfıstığı Çeşitlerinde Periyodisite ile İçsel Hormonlar, Karbonhidrat ve Bitki Besin Maddeleri Düzeyleri Arasındaki İlişkiler. Çukurova Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Bahçe Bitkileri Anabilim Dalı, Doktora Tezi, 194 s.
  • De La Rosa R, Leon L, Barranco D, Rallo L 2006. El Programa de Mejoragenetica de Olivo de Cordoba. Actas de Horticultura 45: 195-196.
  • De La Rosa R, Leon L, Guerreo N, Rallo L, Barranco D 2007. Preliminary Results of an Olive Cultivar Trial at High Density. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 58(5): 392-395.
  • Erez ME 2009. Lepidium draba L., Acroptilon repens (L.) D.C., Thymus kotchyanus Boiss-Hohen. var. kotchyanus, Inula peacockiana (Aitch-Hemol.) Koravin, Salvia kronenburgei Rech.f. ve Phlomis armeniaca Wild. Bitkilerinin Allelopatik Potansiyellerinin Araştırılması. Yüzüncüyıl Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Biyoloji Anabilim Dalı, Doktora Tezi, 150 s.
  • Fabbri A, Benelli C 2000. Flower Bud Induction and Differentiation in Olive. Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology 75(2): 131-141.
  • Fernandezescobar R, Benlloch M, Navarro C, Martin GC 1992. The Time of Floral Induction in the Olive. Journal of The American Society for Horticultural Science 117(2): 304-307.
  • Godini A, Palasciano M, Ferrara G, Camposeo S. 2006. Key Observations on the Agronomic Behaviour of Olive Cultivars Grown Under the Super Intensive Model. Rivistadi Frutticolturaedi Ortofloricoltura 68(3): 40-44.
  • Godini A, Vivaldi GA, Camposeo S 2011. Olive Cultivars Field-Tested in Super-High-Density System in Southern Italy. California Agriculture 65: 39-40.
  • Gucci R 2006. Modern Training Systems for Olive. Olea (FAO Olive Network, Information Bulletin of the Escorena and Aarinena Research Networks on Olive) 25: 36-38.Hackett WP 1985. Juvenility, Maturation and Rejuvenation in Woody Plants. Horticultural Reviews: 7:109-147.
  • Hegele M, Bangerth D, Naphrom P, Sruamsiri P, Manochai P 2006. Control of Flower Induction in Tropical/Subtropical Fruit Trees by Phytohormones Using the Example of Longan and Mango. Acta Horticulturae727: 217-276. Doi: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2006.727.24
  • Hmida AA 2010. Rentabilite de en Modes de Production Intensifet Super-Intensif Dans le Haouzau Maroc. Mediterranean Journal of Economics, Agriculture and Environment 9 (1): 31-34.
  • Ianotta N, Perri E 2006. Spanish Experience of Super Intensive Olive Cultivation. Informatore Agrario 62(1): 59-63.
  • Jasrotia A, Singh RP, Bhutani VP, Singh JM 1999. Influence of Tree Characters and Nutrient Status of Olive Trees on Their Productivity. Acta Horticulturae474: 313-315.
  • Kaleci N, Yalçınkaya E. 2006. Gemlik Zeytin Çeşidinde Sık Dikimin Ağaç Gelişimi ve Verimi Üzerine Etkileri. Bahçe 35(1-2): 39-45.
  • Koshita Y, Takahara T 2004. Effect of Water Stress on Flower-Bud Formation and Plant Hormone Content of Satsuma Mandarin. Scientia Horticulturae 99: 301-307.
  • Kuraishi S, Tasaki K, Sakurai N, Sadatoku K 1991. Changes in Levels of Cytokinins in Etiolated Squash Seedlings After Illumination. Plant Cell Phsiology 32(5): 585-591.
  • Larbi A, Ayadi M, Ben Dhiab A, Msallem M, Caballero JM 2011. Olive Cultivars Suitability for High-Density Orchards. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research 9(4):1279-1286.
  • Lavee S 1996. Biology and Physiology of the Olive. In: IOOC(Ed.), World Olive Encyclopedia. Plaza & Janés Editorial, S.A., Barcelona, pp. 59–106.
  • Lavee S, Haskal A, Avidan B 2012. The Effect of Planting Distances and Tree Shape on Yield and Harvest Efficiency of c.v. Manzanillo Table Olives. Scientia Horticulturae 142: 166-173.
  • Leon, L, De La Rosa R, Barranco D, Rallo L 2007. Breeding for Early Bearing in Olive. Hortscience 42(3): 499-502.
  • Moutier N, Ricard JM, Le Verge S 2011. Vigor Control of the Olive Tree in a High-Density Planting System: Two Experimental Approaches. Acta Horticulturae 924:185-193.
  • Navarro C, Fernandezescobar R, Benloch M 1990. Flower Bud Induction in ‘Manzanillo’ Olive. ActaHorticulturae286: 195-198. Doi: 10.17660/ActaHortic.1990.286.39
  • Okay Y, Gunes NT, Koksal AI 2011. Free Endogenous Growth Regulators in Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.). African Journal of Agricultural Research 6(5): 1161-1169.
  • Özbiçerler A 2006. Yeni Kiraz Çeşitlerinde Sık Dikim ve İspanyol Budama Sisteminin Meyve Verim ve Kalitesi Üzerine Etkileri. Çukurova Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Bahçe Bitkileri Anabilim Dalı, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 72 s.
  • Palese AM, Croker SJ 2002. Preliminary Investigation of Endogenous Gibberellins in Seeds of Olive Fruits (Cv Coratina). Acta Horticulturae586: 525-528. Doi: 10.17660/ ActaHortic.2002.586.109
  • Pastor M, Garcia-Vila M, Soriano MA, Vega V, Fereres E 2007. Productivity of Olive Orchards in Response to Tree Density. Journal of Horticultural Science & Biotechnology 82: 555-562.
  • Poething RS 1990. Phase Change and The Regulation of Shoot Morphogenesis in Plants. Science 250: 923-930.
  • Rosati A, Paloetti A, Caporali S, Perri E 2013. The Role Tree Architecture in Super High Density Olive Orchards. Scientia Horticulturae 161: 24-29.
  • Saraçoğlu T 2001. Elle Taşınan Bazı Zeytin Hasat Makinalarının Performanslarının Belirlenmesi. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Tarım Makinaları Anabilim dalı, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Aydın, 92 s.
  • Stutte GW, Martin GC 1986. Effect of Killing the Seed on Return Bloom of Olive. Scientia Horticulturae 29: 107-113.
  • Tombesi A, Catechini A 1986. L’effetto Dell’ombreggiamento Della Chioma Sulla Differenziazione Delle Gemme a Fiore Nell’olivo. Rivista Della Ortoflorifrutticoltura Italiana 70: 277-285
  • Tous J, Romero A, Plana J, Baiges F 1999. Planting Density Trial with ‘Arbequina’ Olive Cultivar in Catalonia (Spain). Acta Horticulturae 474:177-180. Doi: 10.17660/ActaHortic.1999.474.34
  • Tous J, Romero A, Plana J 2003. Super Intensive Olive Groves: Behaviour of Six Varieties. Agricultura Revista Agropecuaria 72(851): 346- 350.
  • Tous J, Romero A, Hermoso JF, Ninot A 2011. Mediterranean Clonal Selections Evaluated for Modern Hedgerow Olive Oil Production in Spain. California Agriculture 65: 34-38.
  • Tozlu İ 2007.Kuzey Kıbrıs’ta Zeytin (Olea europaea L.) ve Yetiştiriciliği. Alatarım 6(1): 32-38.
  • Trentacoste ER, Connor DJ, del Campo MG 2015. Effect of Olive Hedgerow Orientation on Vegetative Growth, Fruit Characteristics and Productivity. Scientia Horticulturae 192: 60-69.
  • Tu Y 2000. Endogenous Gibberellins in Developing Apple Seeds in Relation to Alternate Bearing. Master of Science, Submitted to the Faculty of Purdue University, Indiana.
  • Ülger S 1997. Zeytinde Periyodisite ve Çiçek Tomurcuğu Oluşum Üzerine İçsel Büyüme Hormonlarının Etkilerinin Saptanması. Akdeniz Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Bahçe Bitkileri Anabilim Dalı, Doktora Tezi, Antalya, 204 s.
  • Ülger S, Baktır İ, Kaynak L 1999. Zeytinlerde Periyodisite ve Çiçek Tomurcuğu Oluşumu Üzerine İçsel Büyüme Hormonlarının Etkilerinin Saptanması. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry 23: 619-623.
  • Ülger S, Baktır İ, Kaynak L, Ertoy N 2000. Gemlik Zeytin Çeşidinde İçsel Büyüme Hormonlarının Saptanması. Türkiye 1. Zeytincilik Sempozyumu Bursa, s. 140-145.
  • Ulger S, Sonmez S, Karkacier M, Ertoy N, Akdesir O, Aksu M. 2004. Determination of Endogenous Hormones, Sugars and Mineral Nutrition Levels During the Induction, Initiation and Differentiation Stage and Their Effects on Flower Formation in Olive. Plant Growth Regulation 42(1): 89-95 Doi: 10.1023/ B:GROW.0000014897. 22172.7d

Gemlik Zeytin Çeşidinde Meyveye Yatma Üzerine Boğumlarda Saptanan Bazı İçsel Hormonlar, Farklı Budama ve Dikim Sistemlerinin Etkilerinin Araştırılması

Year 2022, Volume: 25 Issue: 4, 658 - 667, 31.08.2022

Sabriye Atmaca Salih Ülger

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.976405

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, Antalya koşullarında farklı dikim [5x5 m (kontrol), 4x3 m, 4x1.5 m], budama [kontrol (budanmamış), goble ve dikey eksen] ve boğumlarda saptanan bazı içsel hormonların [absisik asit (ABA), gibberellik asit (GA3), indol asetik asit (IAA) ve zeatin (Z)] ‘Gemlik’ zeytin çeşidinde gençlik dönemini kısaltmasına olan etkileri araştırılmıştır. Hormon analizi için yıllık sürgünler ağaçların yerden 80 cm yüksekte ağacın 360o etrafını çevirecek şekilde alınmış ve sürgünlerdeki boğumlar hormon analizlerinde kullanılmıştır. Denemenin ilk yılında meyve tutumu 5x5 m dikilen ağaçlarda olmamış ancak 4x3 m ve 4x1.5 m dikilen ağaçlar meyve tutmuşlardır. İkinci yıl ise tüm uygulamalarda meyve tutumu görülmüştür. İkinci yılda elde edilen meyve tutum oranları ilk yıla göre daha yüksek gerçekleşmiştir. En iyi meyve tutumu ve ağaç gelişimi 4x3 m dikilen ve goble şeklinde budanan ağaçlarda saptanmıştır. Dikim sıklığına bağlı olarak ‘Gemlik’ zeytininde gençlik kısırlığı süresinin azalıp veya artabileceği belirlenmiştir. Dikim mesafeleri boğumda saptanan içsel IAA, ABA, GA3 ve Z seviyeleri üzerine kontrole göre etkili olurken, budama uygulamalarının etkisiz olduğu saptanmıştır.

Keywords

Zeytin Dikim sıklığı Budama İçsel bitki hormonları

Supporting Institution

Akdeniz Üniversitesi Bilimsel Projeler Birimi

Project Number

2008.03.0121.012

Thanks

Bu makale doktora çalışmasının bir kısmıdır ve Akdeniz Üniversitesi Bilimsel Projeler Birimi tarafından 2008.03.0121.012 nolu proje ile desteklenmiştir.

References

  • Atmaca S, Ülger S 2017. Gemlik Zeytin Çeşidinin Sık Dikime ve Farklı Budama Uygulamalarına Uygunluğunun Araştırılması: 2007-2010 Dönemi. Mediterrenean Agricultural Science 30(1): 1-5.
  • Atmaca S, Ulger S 2021. TheEffects of Different Planting Densities and Pruning on Changes of Endogenous Hormone Levels in Shoot Tips and Flowering in ‘Gemlik’ Olive Cultivar. Erwerbs-Obstbau 63(2): 201-207. doi:10.1007/s10341-021-00558-6
  • Abu-Zahra T, Al-Dmoor H 2013. Seasonal Changes in Endogenous Plant Hormones and Alternate Bearing of Nabali Olive (Olea europea L.) Trees. Asian Journal of Plant Sciences 12(6): 241-246.
  • Badr SA, Hartmann HT, Martin GC 1970. Endogenous Gibberellins and Inhibitors in Relation to Flower Induction and Inflorescence Development in the Olive. Plant Physiology 46: 674-679.
  • Baktir I, Ulger S, Kaynak L, Himelrick DG 2004. Relationship of Seasonal Changes in Endogenous Plant Hormones and Alternate Bearing of Olive Trees. HortScience 39(5): 987-990.
  • Bandino G, Moro C, Sedda P, Mulas M 2002. The Bosanaasa Cultivar for Intensive Olive Growing. Acta Horticulturea 586: 217-220.
  • Bangerth F 2006. Flower Induction in Perennial Fruit Trees: Still an Enigma. Acta Horticulturae 727: 177-195.
  • Baydar H, Ulger S 1998. Correlations Between Changes in the Amount of Endogenous Phytohormones and Flowering in the Safflower (Carthamus tinctoriusL.) Turkish Journal of Biology 22: 421-425.
  • Camposeo S, Ferrara G, Palasciano M, Godini A 2008. Varietal Behaviour According to the Super Intensive Olive Culture Training System. Acta Horticulturae 791: 271-274.
  • Camposeo S, Godini A 2010. Preliminary Observations About the Performance of 13 Varieties According to the Super High Density Olive culture Training System in Apulia (Southern Italy). Advances in Horticultural Science 24(1): 16-20.
  • Chen WS 1991. Changes in Cytokinins Before and During Early Flower Bud Differentiation in Lychee (Litchi chinensis Sonn.). Plant Physiology 96: 1203- 120.
  • Cunill M, Duran S, Mestre M, Bordas M 2006. Seleccion de Variedades Mejoradas de Olivo Adaptadas a Condiciones de Produccion Super Intensiva. Actas de Horticultura 45: 183-184.
  • Çetinkaya H 2004. Mutlak ve Oransal Periyodisite Gösteren Bazı Antepfıstığı Çeşitlerinde Periyodisite ile İçsel Hormonlar, Karbonhidrat ve Bitki Besin Maddeleri Düzeyleri Arasındaki İlişkiler. Çukurova Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Bahçe Bitkileri Anabilim Dalı, Doktora Tezi, 194 s.
  • De La Rosa R, Leon L, Barranco D, Rallo L 2006. El Programa de Mejoragenetica de Olivo de Cordoba. Actas de Horticultura 45: 195-196.
  • De La Rosa R, Leon L, Guerreo N, Rallo L, Barranco D 2007. Preliminary Results of an Olive Cultivar Trial at High Density. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 58(5): 392-395.
  • Erez ME 2009. Lepidium draba L., Acroptilon repens (L.) D.C., Thymus kotchyanus Boiss-Hohen. var. kotchyanus, Inula peacockiana (Aitch-Hemol.) Koravin, Salvia kronenburgei Rech.f. ve Phlomis armeniaca Wild. Bitkilerinin Allelopatik Potansiyellerinin Araştırılması. Yüzüncüyıl Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Biyoloji Anabilim Dalı, Doktora Tezi, 150 s.
  • Fabbri A, Benelli C 2000. Flower Bud Induction and Differentiation in Olive. Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology 75(2): 131-141.
  • Fernandezescobar R, Benlloch M, Navarro C, Martin GC 1992. The Time of Floral Induction in the Olive. Journal of The American Society for Horticultural Science 117(2): 304-307.
  • Godini A, Palasciano M, Ferrara G, Camposeo S. 2006. Key Observations on the Agronomic Behaviour of Olive Cultivars Grown Under the Super Intensive Model. Rivistadi Frutticolturaedi Ortofloricoltura 68(3): 40-44.
  • Godini A, Vivaldi GA, Camposeo S 2011. Olive Cultivars Field-Tested in Super-High-Density System in Southern Italy. California Agriculture 65: 39-40.
  • Gucci R 2006. Modern Training Systems for Olive. Olea (FAO Olive Network, Information Bulletin of the Escorena and Aarinena Research Networks on Olive) 25: 36-38.Hackett WP 1985. Juvenility, Maturation and Rejuvenation in Woody Plants. Horticultural Reviews: 7:109-147.
  • Hegele M, Bangerth D, Naphrom P, Sruamsiri P, Manochai P 2006. Control of Flower Induction in Tropical/Subtropical Fruit Trees by Phytohormones Using the Example of Longan and Mango. Acta Horticulturae727: 217-276. Doi: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2006.727.24
  • Hmida AA 2010. Rentabilite de en Modes de Production Intensifet Super-Intensif Dans le Haouzau Maroc. Mediterranean Journal of Economics, Agriculture and Environment 9 (1): 31-34.
  • Ianotta N, Perri E 2006. Spanish Experience of Super Intensive Olive Cultivation. Informatore Agrario 62(1): 59-63.
  • Jasrotia A, Singh RP, Bhutani VP, Singh JM 1999. Influence of Tree Characters and Nutrient Status of Olive Trees on Their Productivity. Acta Horticulturae474: 313-315.
  • Kaleci N, Yalçınkaya E. 2006. Gemlik Zeytin Çeşidinde Sık Dikimin Ağaç Gelişimi ve Verimi Üzerine Etkileri. Bahçe 35(1-2): 39-45.
  • Koshita Y, Takahara T 2004. Effect of Water Stress on Flower-Bud Formation and Plant Hormone Content of Satsuma Mandarin. Scientia Horticulturae 99: 301-307.
  • Kuraishi S, Tasaki K, Sakurai N, Sadatoku K 1991. Changes in Levels of Cytokinins in Etiolated Squash Seedlings After Illumination. Plant Cell Phsiology 32(5): 585-591.
  • Larbi A, Ayadi M, Ben Dhiab A, Msallem M, Caballero JM 2011. Olive Cultivars Suitability for High-Density Orchards. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research 9(4):1279-1286.
  • Lavee S 1996. Biology and Physiology of the Olive. In: IOOC(Ed.), World Olive Encyclopedia. Plaza & Janés Editorial, S.A., Barcelona, pp. 59–106.
  • Lavee S, Haskal A, Avidan B 2012. The Effect of Planting Distances and Tree Shape on Yield and Harvest Efficiency of c.v. Manzanillo Table Olives. Scientia Horticulturae 142: 166-173.
  • Leon, L, De La Rosa R, Barranco D, Rallo L 2007. Breeding for Early Bearing in Olive. Hortscience 42(3): 499-502.
  • Moutier N, Ricard JM, Le Verge S 2011. Vigor Control of the Olive Tree in a High-Density Planting System: Two Experimental Approaches. Acta Horticulturae 924:185-193.
  • Navarro C, Fernandezescobar R, Benloch M 1990. Flower Bud Induction in ‘Manzanillo’ Olive. ActaHorticulturae286: 195-198. Doi: 10.17660/ActaHortic.1990.286.39
  • Okay Y, Gunes NT, Koksal AI 2011. Free Endogenous Growth Regulators in Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.). African Journal of Agricultural Research 6(5): 1161-1169.
  • Özbiçerler A 2006. Yeni Kiraz Çeşitlerinde Sık Dikim ve İspanyol Budama Sisteminin Meyve Verim ve Kalitesi Üzerine Etkileri. Çukurova Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Bahçe Bitkileri Anabilim Dalı, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 72 s.
  • Palese AM, Croker SJ 2002. Preliminary Investigation of Endogenous Gibberellins in Seeds of Olive Fruits (Cv Coratina). Acta Horticulturae586: 525-528. Doi: 10.17660/ ActaHortic.2002.586.109
  • Pastor M, Garcia-Vila M, Soriano MA, Vega V, Fereres E 2007. Productivity of Olive Orchards in Response to Tree Density. Journal of Horticultural Science & Biotechnology 82: 555-562.
  • Poething RS 1990. Phase Change and The Regulation of Shoot Morphogenesis in Plants. Science 250: 923-930.
  • Rosati A, Paloetti A, Caporali S, Perri E 2013. The Role Tree Architecture in Super High Density Olive Orchards. Scientia Horticulturae 161: 24-29.
  • Saraçoğlu T 2001. Elle Taşınan Bazı Zeytin Hasat Makinalarının Performanslarının Belirlenmesi. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Tarım Makinaları Anabilim dalı, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Aydın, 92 s.
  • Stutte GW, Martin GC 1986. Effect of Killing the Seed on Return Bloom of Olive. Scientia Horticulturae 29: 107-113.
  • Tombesi A, Catechini A 1986. L’effetto Dell’ombreggiamento Della Chioma Sulla Differenziazione Delle Gemme a Fiore Nell’olivo. Rivista Della Ortoflorifrutticoltura Italiana 70: 277-285
  • Tous J, Romero A, Plana J, Baiges F 1999. Planting Density Trial with ‘Arbequina’ Olive Cultivar in Catalonia (Spain). Acta Horticulturae 474:177-180. Doi: 10.17660/ActaHortic.1999.474.34
  • Tous J, Romero A, Plana J 2003. Super Intensive Olive Groves: Behaviour of Six Varieties. Agricultura Revista Agropecuaria 72(851): 346- 350.
  • Tous J, Romero A, Hermoso JF, Ninot A 2011. Mediterranean Clonal Selections Evaluated for Modern Hedgerow Olive Oil Production in Spain. California Agriculture 65: 34-38.
  • Tozlu İ 2007.Kuzey Kıbrıs’ta Zeytin (Olea europaea L.) ve Yetiştiriciliği. Alatarım 6(1): 32-38.
  • Trentacoste ER, Connor DJ, del Campo MG 2015. Effect of Olive Hedgerow Orientation on Vegetative Growth, Fruit Characteristics and Productivity. Scientia Horticulturae 192: 60-69.
  • Tu Y 2000. Endogenous Gibberellins in Developing Apple Seeds in Relation to Alternate Bearing. Master of Science, Submitted to the Faculty of Purdue University, Indiana.
  • Ülger S 1997. Zeytinde Periyodisite ve Çiçek Tomurcuğu Oluşum Üzerine İçsel Büyüme Hormonlarının Etkilerinin Saptanması. Akdeniz Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Bahçe Bitkileri Anabilim Dalı, Doktora Tezi, Antalya, 204 s.
  • Ülger S, Baktır İ, Kaynak L 1999. Zeytinlerde Periyodisite ve Çiçek Tomurcuğu Oluşumu Üzerine İçsel Büyüme Hormonlarının Etkilerinin Saptanması. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry 23: 619-623.
  • Ülger S, Baktır İ, Kaynak L, Ertoy N 2000. Gemlik Zeytin Çeşidinde İçsel Büyüme Hormonlarının Saptanması. Türkiye 1. Zeytincilik Sempozyumu Bursa, s. 140-145.
  • Ulger S, Sonmez S, Karkacier M, Ertoy N, Akdesir O, Aksu M. 2004. Determination of Endogenous Hormones, Sugars and Mineral Nutrition Levels During the Induction, Initiation and Differentiation Stage and Their Effects on Flower Formation in Olive. Plant Growth Regulation 42(1): 89-95 Doi: 10.1023/ B:GROW.0000014897. 22172.7d
There are 53 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Agricultural, Veterinary and Food Sciences
Journal Section RESEARCH ARTICLE
Authors

Sabriye Atmaca 0000-0003-3400-0917

Salih Ülger 0000-0002-3314-2369

Project Number 2008.03.0121.012
Publication Date August 31, 2022
Submission Date August 4, 2021
Acceptance Date September 8, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 25 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Atmaca, S., & Ülger, S. (2022). Gemlik Zeytin Çeşidinde Meyveye Yatma Üzerine Boğumlarda Saptanan Bazı İçsel Hormonlar, Farklı Budama ve Dikim Sistemlerinin Etkilerinin Araştırılması. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım Ve Doğa Dergisi, 25(4), 658-667. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.976405
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KSU Journal of Agriculture and Nature

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