Allelopathic Effects of Black Radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. niger J. Kern.) and Garden Cress (Lepidium sativum L.) Plants on Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers.) Plant in Tomato Cultivation

Muhammad Elsekran; Tamer Üstüner

doi:10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1431385

TR EN

Domates Yetiştiriciliğinde Siyah Turp (Raphanus sativus L. var. niger J. Kern.) ve Tere (Lepidium sativum L.) Bitkilerinin Geliç (Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers.) Bitkisi Üzerine Allelopatik Etkileri

Öz

Bu çalışma, geliç mücadelede tarla denemelerinde ön bitki ve sera koşullarında sulu özüt olarak siyah turp ve tere etkinliğini araştırmayı amaçlamıştır. Tarla denemesinde siyah turp ve tere ön bitki olarak tarlada yetiştirildikten sonra toprağa karıştırılarak geliç’e karşı malçlı ve malçsız olarak kullanılmıştır. Bu uygulamaların geliç’in gelişmesine ve domates verim ve kalitesine etkileri değerlendirilmiştir. Sera koşullarında ön bitki özütlerinin farklı konsantrasyonlarının (%2, 5 ve 10), geliç ve domates fide büyümesi üzerine etkileri de araştırılmıştır. En düşük geliç yoğunluğu malçlı siyah turp ve tere uygulamalarda kaydedilmiştir (106.7 ve 97.2 adet m-2). Malçlı siyah turp ve tere uygulamalarda geliç’in mücadele etkinliği %80.2 ve %84.0 olurken malçsız uygulamalarda %56.8 ve %58.2 kayıt edilmiştir. Tüm uygulamaların etkisi domates üretim miktar ve kalitesinin arttırılmasında olumlu olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Sera deneme sonuçları, siyah turp ve tere özütleri yüksek konsantrasyonlarının (%10) geliçin çimlenme ve büyümesini önlemede yüksek seviyede etkili olduğunu göstermiştir. Bu uygulamalarda geliç tohum ve rizomlarının çimlenme oranları sırasıyla %17.50 ve %7.50, %20.00 ve %12.50 olarak tespit edilmiştir. GC-MS analizine göre siyah turpta beş isotiyosiyanat (ITC) bileşen bulunduğu, toplam oranları ise %40.4 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Terede ise %61.0 oranında sadece bir ITC'nin bulunmuştur. Siyah turp ve tere, allelopati etkileri nedeniyle geliçin çimlenme ve büyümesini etkili bir şekilde engellemiştir. Sürdürülebilir geliç yönetimi, bu bitkilerin, herbisitlerin kullanımına alternatif olabilecek veya kullanımını azaltabilecek bir ürün rotasyonuna dahil edilmesiyle sağlanabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Allelopathic Effects of Black Radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. niger J. Kern.) and Garden Cress (Lepidium sativum L.) Plants on Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers.) Plant in Tomato Cultivation

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of black radish and garden cress as pre-plant in field trials and their aqueous extracts under greenhouse conditions to control johnsongrass. In the field experiment, black radish and garden cress were grown as a pre-plant, then mixed with the soil and used with and without mulch against johnsongrass. The effects of these applications on johnsongrass development and tomato yield and quality were evaluated. Different concentrations of pre-plant extracts (2, 5, and 10%) were also investigated on johnsongrass and tomato seedling growth in greenhouse conditions. The lowest johnsongrass density was recorded in black radish and garden cress with mulch (106.7 and 97.2 number m-2). Black radish and garden cress with mulch achieved johnsongrass control efficiency of 80.2 and 84.0% compared to those without mulch 56.8 and 58.2%. The effect of all treatments was positive in increasing the quantity and improving the quality of tomato production. The results of greenhouse experiments showed that high concentrations (10%) of black radish and garden cress extracts achieved high levels in preventing the germination and growth of johnsongrass. In these treatments, johnsongrass seeds and rhizomes germination rates were 17.5 and 7.5%, 20.0 and 12.5% respectively. GC-MS analysis showed that five isothiocyanates (ITCs) were in black radish, and their total percentages were 40.4%. In the garden cress, it was found that there is only one ITC with a percentage of 61.0%. Black radish and garden cress effectively inhibit the germination and growth of Johnsongrass due to their allelopathy effects. Sustainable management of johnsongrass can be achieved by introducing these plants into a crop rotation which may be an alternative or reduce the use of herbicides.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

KSÜ Bilimsel Araştırma Birimi (BAP)

Project Number

2018/3-19D

Thanks

Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimi Başkanlığı’na (BAP) birimi

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Herbology

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Muhammad Elsekran ^*
0000-0001-6672-7016
Türkiye

Tamer Üstüner
0000-0003-3584-4249
Türkiye

Early Pub Date

September 15, 2024

Publication Date

December 25, 2024

Submission Date

February 8, 2024

Acceptance Date

July 18, 2024

Published in Issue

Year 2024 Volume: 27 Number: Ek Sayı 1 (Suppl 1)

DOI

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1431385

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA57WN99DE

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Elsekran, M., & Üstüner, T. (2024). Allelopathic Effects of Black Radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. niger J. Kern.) and Garden Cress (Lepidium sativum L.) Plants on Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers.) Plant in Tomato Cultivation. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım Ve Doğa Dergisi, 27(Ek Sayı 1 (Suppl 1), 74-87. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1431385