Effects of Vertebrate Insulin Hormone on Major Hemolymph Proteins and Ovarium Development in The Silkworm Bombyx mori Pupal Stage

Tugce Ordu; Kübra Yılmaz; Ebru Göncü

doi:10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1627726

EN TR

Effects of Vertebrate Insulin Hormone on Major Hemolymph Proteins and Ovarium Development in The Silkworm Bombyx mori Pupal Stage

Abstract

Insulin, released from the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas, regulates sugar metabolism and plays a key role in growth, differentiation, metabolism, and apoptosis in both vertebrates and invertebrates. Vertebrate insulin affects anabolic metabolism by activating glucose uptake and conversion while inhibiting glycogen degradation. The first insulin-like peptide (ILP) identified in invertebrates was bombyxin from Bombyx mori, which regulates growth, metabolism, and egg development, and is homologous to mammalian insulin. In insects, hemolymph consists of plasma and hemocytes, which are essential for defense against microorganisms and antigens. All events, such as the transportation of hormones and nutrients to target cells and the sending of waste to excretory organs, occur through hemolymph. The key organs that play a role in reproductive physiology in female insects are the fat body and the ovary. Some proteins synthesized by fat body cells are transported to the ovary via hemolymph during the pupal period and play a role in egg development. Due to different physiological processes, the content and amount of hemolymph proteins change in larval, pupal, and adult stages. In this study, vertebrate insulin was injected into B. mori female pupae on different days, and its effects on ovarian development and major hemolymph proteins were investigated. For this purpose, histological and electrophoretic methods were used. Findings showed that the vertebrate hormone insulin causes changes in the relative abundance of essential proteins in the ovary and hemolymph of female B. mori pupae.

Keywords

İpek Böceği Bombyx mori Pupal Döneminde Omurgalı İnsülin Hormonunun Temel Hemolenf Proteinleri ve Ovaryum Gelişimi Üzerine Etkileri

Öz

Omurgalı canlılarda pankreasın Langerhans adacıklarından salınan insülin, vücudun şeker metabolizmasının düzenlenmesinde önemli hormonlardan biridir. Omurgalı ve omurgasız hayvanlarda insülin ve insülin ilişkili peptidlerin büyüme, farklılaşma, metabolizma ve apoptozis gibi hücresel süreçlerin düzenlenmesinde önemli bir rol oynadığı bilinmektedir. Omurgalı insülini, glikojen yıkımını inhibe ederken glikoz alımını ve dönüştürmeyi aktive ederek anabolik metabolizmayı etkiler. Omurgasız hayvanlardaki insülin benzeri peptid olarak belirlenen ilk molekül Bombyx mori’ de belirlenmiş ve bombyxin adını almıştır. Bombyxinler, böcek büyümesini, karbonhidrat metabolizmasını ve yumurta gelişimini düzenler. Böceklerdeki insülin benzeri peptidler moleküler formda memelilerin insülinlerine homologdurlar, ayrıca işlevsel olarak eşdeğerdirler. Hemolenf, hayvanın vücudunu mikroorganizmalardan ve antijenlerden koruyan hemositlerden ve plazmadan oluşur. Hormonların ve besin maddelerinin hedef hücrelere taşınımı ve atıkların boşaltım organlarına gönderilmesi gibi tüm olaylar hemolenf aracılığıyla olur. Dişi böceklerdeki üreme fizyolojisinde rol oynayan anahtar organlar yağ doku ve ovaryumdur. Yağ doku hücreleri tarafından sentezlenen bazı proteinler pupal dönem boyunca hemolenf aracılığıyla ovaryuma taşınır ve yumurta gelişiminde rol alır. Farklı fizyolojik süreçlerden dolayı hemolenf proteinlerin içeriği ve miktarı larval, pupal ve ergin evrelerde değişmektedir. Bu çalışmada pupal evrenin farklı günlerinde Bombyx mori dişi pupalarına omurgalı insülini enjekte edilmiş, ovaryum gelişimine ve temel hemolenf proteinleri üzerindeki etkileri araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla histolojik ve elektroforetik yöntemler kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular omurgalı hormonu olan insülinin, dişi Bombyx mori pupalarının ovaryum ve hemolenfinde bulunan temel proteinlerin nispi yoğunluklarında değişimler meydana getirdiğini göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Animal Physiology - Cell

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Tugce Ordu ^*
0000-0001-7578-3917
Türkiye

Kübra Yılmaz
0009-0005-1559-4715
Türkiye

Ebru Göncü
0000-0002-0191-4141
Türkiye

Early Pub Date

July 28, 2025

Publication Date

September 11, 2025

Submission Date

January 27, 2025

Acceptance Date

June 2, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 28 Number: 5

DOI

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1627726

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA56AE54DB

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Ordu, T., Yılmaz, K., & Göncü, E. (2025). Effects of Vertebrate Insulin Hormone on Major Hemolymph Proteins and Ovarium Development in The Silkworm Bombyx mori Pupal Stage. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım Ve Doğa Dergisi, 28(5), 1357-1370. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1627726