Variations in Essential Oil Compositions and Cyclooxygenase (COX) Inhibiting Potential of Ruta chalepensis L. Essential Oils Obtained at Different Phenological Stages

İlker Demirbolat

doi:10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1734360

TR EN

Farklı Fenolojik Evrelerde Elde Edilen Ruta chalepensis L. Uçucu Yağlarının Kimyasal Kompozisyonları ve Siklooksijenaz (COX) İnhibisyon Potansiyellerindeki Değişiklikler

Abstract

Bu çalışma, farklı gelişim aşamalarında elde edilen Ruta chalepensis L. uçucu yağlarının verimi, bileşimi ve COX inhibitör aktivitesini incelemektedir. Uçucu yağ verimi, bitkinin olgunlaşmasıyla azalmış ve en düşük seviye çiçeklenme sonrası dönemde gözlemlenmiştir. Kimyasal analizler terpen bileşenleri içermediğini ortaya koymuş ve alifatik ketonlarda belirgin değişimler görülmüştür. Vejetatif dönemde 2-nonanone baskın olup (%58), olgun bitkilerde bu oran 26%'ya düşmüştür. Buna karşılık, 2-undecanone oranı 34%'ten 63%'e yükselmiştir. Bu sonuçlar daha uzun zincirli molekül biyosentezinde gelişimsel bir değişimi göstermektedir. COX-1/2 inhibitör testleri, ibuprofenin enzim aktivitesini 73,53% oranında engellediğini gösterirken, R. chalepensis uçucu yağları belirgin şekilde daha düşük inhibitör aktivite sergilemiştir. Bu sonuçlar, uçucu yağın bitkinin geleneksel anti-inflamatuar tıbbi kullanımından sorumlu olmadığını ve terapötik etkilerinin diğer bileşenlerden kaynaklanabileceğini göstermektedir.

Keywords

Variations in Essential Oil Compositions and Cyclooxygenase (COX) Inhibiting Potential of Ruta chalepensis L. Essential Oils Obtained at Different Phenological Stages

Abstract

This study examines the yield, composition, and COX inhibitory activity of essential oils from Ruta chalepensis L. obtained at various developmental stages. Essential oil yield decreased with plant maturity, reaching its lowest level during the post-flowering stage. Chemical analysis revealed the absence of terpenes, with notable shifts in aliphatic ketones. At the vegetative stage, 2-nonanone was dominant (58%), but declined to 26% in mature plants. In contrast, 2-undecanone increased from 34% to 63%, indicating a developmental shift in longer chain molecule biosynthesis. COX-1/2 inhibition assays showed that ibuprofen inhibited enzyme activity by 73.53%, whereas R. chalepensis essential oils exhibited significantly lower inhibition, suggesting weak anti-inflammatory activity. These results indicate that the essential oil does not account for the plant’s anti-inflammatory traditional medicinal use, and other constituents may be responsible for its therapeutic effects.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

None

Ethical Statement

No ethic comity approval needed

Thanks

None

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Plant Biochemistry

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

İlker Demirbolat ^*
0000-0002-8756-1884
Türkiye

Early Pub Date

January 21, 2026

Publication Date

January 21, 2026

Submission Date

July 3, 2025

Acceptance Date

September 8, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 29 Number: 2

DOI

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1734360

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA47FJ69JS

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Demirbolat, İ. (2026). Variations in Essential Oil Compositions and Cyclooxygenase (COX) Inhibiting Potential of Ruta chalepensis L. Essential Oils Obtained at Different Phenological Stages. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım Ve Doğa Dergisi, 29(2), 285-290. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1734360

AMA

1.Demirbolat İ. Variations in Essential Oil Compositions and Cyclooxygenase (COX) Inhibiting Potential of Ruta chalepensis L. Essential Oils Obtained at Different Phenological Stages. KSU J. Agric Nat. 2026;29(2):285-290. doi:10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1734360

Chicago

Demirbolat, İlker. 2026. “Variations in Essential Oil Compositions and Cyclooxygenase (COX) Inhibiting Potential of Ruta Chalepensis L. Essential Oils Obtained at Different Phenological Stages”. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım Ve Doğa Dergisi 29 (2): 285-90. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1734360.

EndNote

Demirbolat İ (February 1, 2026) Variations in Essential Oil Compositions and Cyclooxygenase (COX) Inhibiting Potential of Ruta chalepensis L. Essential Oils Obtained at Different Phenological Stages. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi 29 2 285–290.

IEEE

[1]İ. Demirbolat, “Variations in Essential Oil Compositions and Cyclooxygenase (COX) Inhibiting Potential of Ruta chalepensis L. Essential Oils Obtained at Different Phenological Stages”, KSU J. Agric Nat., vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 285–290, Feb. 2026, doi: 10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1734360.

ISNAD

Demirbolat, İlker. “Variations in Essential Oil Compositions and Cyclooxygenase (COX) Inhibiting Potential of Ruta Chalepensis L. Essential Oils Obtained at Different Phenological Stages”. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi 29/2 (February 1, 2026): 285-290. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1734360.

JAMA

1.Demirbolat İ. Variations in Essential Oil Compositions and Cyclooxygenase (COX) Inhibiting Potential of Ruta chalepensis L. Essential Oils Obtained at Different Phenological Stages. KSU J. Agric Nat. 2026;29:285–290.

MLA

Demirbolat, İlker. “Variations in Essential Oil Compositions and Cyclooxygenase (COX) Inhibiting Potential of Ruta Chalepensis L. Essential Oils Obtained at Different Phenological Stages”. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım Ve Doğa Dergisi, vol. 29, no. 2, Feb. 2026, pp. 285-90, doi:10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1734360.

Vancouver

1.İlker Demirbolat. Variations in Essential Oil Compositions and Cyclooxygenase (COX) Inhibiting Potential of Ruta chalepensis L. Essential Oils Obtained at Different Phenological Stages. KSU J. Agric Nat. 2026 Feb. 1;29(2):285-90. doi:10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1734360