Phenological Stage Dependent Variations in the Chemical Composition and Cyclooxygenase (COX) Inhibitory Activities of Origanum dubium Boiss. Essential Oils

İlker Demirbolat

doi:10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1747383

EN TR

Phenological Stage Dependent Variations in the Chemical Composition and Cyclooxygenase (COX) Inhibitory Activities of Origanum dubium Boiss. Essential Oils

Abstract

This study investigated the essential oil yield, chemical composition, and COX-1/2 inhibitory activity of Origanum dubium during different developmental stages. Essential oil yield increased from 5.53% to 8.37%, peaking at the post-flowering stage. Chemical analysis revealed that oxygenated monoterpenes dominated the oil composition, with carvacrol as the principal component, increasing significantly from 64.4% to 86.9% across growth stages. The anti-inflammatory potential was evaluated by measuring COX-1/2 inhibitory activity, using ibuprofen as a positive control (73.53% inhibition). Essential oils exhibited moderate inhibition during vegetative (52.13%) and initial flowering (57.76%) stages, but inhibition notably improved at post-flowering (68.16%), approaching ibuprofen’s efficacy. These findings suggest that the rise in carvacrol concentration correlates with enhanced COX-1/2 inhibitory activity, highlighting the therapeutic potential of O. dubium essential oils as natural anti-inflammatory agents.

Keywords

Origanum dubium Boiss. Uçucu Yağlarının Kimyasal Bileşimi ve Siklooksijenaz (COX) İnhibitör Aktivitelerindeki Fenolojik Evreye Bağlı Değişimler

Öz

Bu çalışmada, Origanum dubium bitkisinin farklı gelişim evrelerindeki esansiyel yağ verimi, kimyasal bileşimi ve COX-1/2 inhibitör aktivitesi incelenmiştir. Uçucu yağ verimi %5.53 den %8.37 ye yükselmiş ve en yüksek verim çiçeklenme sonrası dönemde gözlemlenmiştir. GC-MS/FID analizleriyle, yağın başlıca bileşeninin karvakrol olduğu ve bitkinin gelişimi sırasında miktarının %64.4 den %86.9 a arttığı belirlenmiştir. Uçucu yağların COX-1/2 inhibitör aktiviteleri, ibuprofen ile karşılaştırmalı olarak değerlendirilmiştir. İbuprofenin inhibisyon oranı %73.53 olarak bulunurken, uçucu yağlar, vejetatif dönemde %52.13, çiçeklenme evresinde ise %57.76 oranında orta düzeyde inhibisyon göstermiştir. Çiçeklenme sonrası evrede inhibitör etki %68.16 ya yükselmiştir. Sonuçlar, karvakrol konsantrasyonundaki artışın COX-1/2 inhibitör aktivitesini güçlendirdiğini ve O. dubium esansiyel yağının doğal antiinflamatuar ajan olarak potansiyel taşıdığını göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Supporting Institution

None

Ethical Statement

Not applicable

Thanks

None

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Plant Biochemistry

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

İlker Demirbolat ^*
0000-0002-8756-1884
Türkiye

Early Pub Date

February 8, 2026

Publication Date

February 8, 2026

Submission Date

July 21, 2025

Acceptance Date

October 21, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 29 Number: 3

DOI

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1747383

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA46DD34LU

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Demirbolat, İ. (2026). Phenological Stage Dependent Variations in the Chemical Composition and Cyclooxygenase (COX) Inhibitory Activities of Origanum dubium Boiss. Essential Oils. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım Ve Doğa Dergisi, 29(3), 653-658. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1747383