Comparative Analysis of Morphological Responses to Drought Conditions in Some Apricot Cultivars

İbrahim Kutalmış Kutsal; Hüseyin Karlıdağ

doi:10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1785217

TR EN

Bazı Kayısı Çeşitlerinde Kuraklık Koşullarına Morfolojik Tepkilerin Karşılaştırmalı Analizi

Öz

Kuraklık, yarı kurak bölgelerde kayısı yetiştiriciliğini sınırlayan en önemli stres faktörlerden biridir. Ticari değeri yüksek Hacıhaliloğlu gibi çeşitlerin kuraklığa duyarlılığı, Malatya gibi yarı kurak bölgelerde sürdürülebilir kayısı üretimi açısından risk oluşturmaktadır. İklim değişikliğine bağlı olarak tarımda kullanılabilir suyun giderek daha kısıtlı hale gelmesi bu sorunu derinleştirmektedir. Bu çalışmada, on bir geleneksel ve yaygın olarak yetiştirilen kayısı çeşidi ile bu çeşitlerin aşılandığı, aşısız şahit olarak kullanılan çöğür materyalinin tam sulama ve sulamasız koşullardaki morfolojik tepkileri incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla, sürgün uzunluğu, yaprak alanı, spesifik yaprak ağırlığı, yaş ve kuru ağırlık olmak üzere beş morfolojik parametre entegre edilerek toplam zarar indeksi hesaplanmıştır. Çalışmada sürgün uzunluğu, yaprak alanı, spesifik yaprak ağırlığı, bitki yaş ve kuru ağırlıkları ölçülmüş; kuraklığa duyarlılığı değerlendirmek amacıyla bireysel stres tolerans indeksleri ve toplam zarar indeksi hesaplanmıştır. Sonuçlar, çeşitler arasında kuraklığa duyarlılık bakımından önemli farklılıklar olduğunu göstermiştir. Hacıhaliloğlu en yüksek toplam zarar indeksine (169.34) sahip olurken, bunu Şalak (145.26) ve Çöloğlu (137.58) izlemiştir. Kabaaşı (104.29), Hasanbey (108.33) ve Soğancı (112.64) ise daha yüksek kuraklık dayanıklılığı göstermiştir. Hacıhaliloğlu’nda yaprak alanı (%35.68) ve sürgün uzunluğunda (%35.80) ciddi azalmalar belirlenirken, Kabaaşı çeşidinde yaş (%18.99) ve kuru ağırlıktaki (%27.56) kayıplar sınırlı kalmıştır. Spesifik yaprak ağırlığında tüm çeşitlerde azalma gözlenmiş, en düşük azalma Tokaloğlu’nda (%6.53) kaydedilmiştir. Hacıhaliloğlu’nun toplam zarar indeksi, Kabaaşı’ya kıyasla yaklaşık %60 daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Bulgular, geleneksel kayısı çeşitleri arasında kuraklık toleransının değişkenlik gösterdiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Kabaaşı ve Hasanbey çeşitleri kurak bölgelerde yetiştiricilik için umut vadeden genotipler olarak öne çıkarken, ticari değeri yüksek Hacıhaliloğlu çeşidinin sulama kısıtı altında uzun vadeli adaptasyon kapasitesinin sınırlı olabileceğini ve kuraklık koşullarında sürdürülebilir üretim açısından risk oluşturabileceğini ortaya koymuştur. Çalışma, kayısı ıslah programları için çeşit seçimi, bölgesel adaptasyon ve kuraklığa tolerans konularında önemli bilgiler sunmaktadır. Ayrıca, kuraklığa toleranslı olarak bulunan çeşitlerin anaç olarak kullanımı gelecekte ticari bahçelerde stresin azaltılmasına katkı sağlayabilir. Ancak bu çalışma sera/saksı koşullarında yürütüldüğünden, elde edilen bulgular bu bağlamda değerlendirilmeli ve daha geniş bir geçerlilik için bahçe koşullarında doğrulanmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Comparative Analysis of Morphological Responses to Drought Conditions in Some Apricot Cultivars

Abstract

Drought stress is one of the major limiting factors for apricot cultivation in semi-arid regions, where water availability is increasingly unreliable due to climate change. The drought sensitivity of commercially important cultivars such as ‘Hacıhaliloğlu’ poses a risk for sustainable apricot production in regions like Malatya. This study aimed to evaluate the morphological responses of 11 traditional, widely cultivated apricot cultivars and 1 wild seedling genotype (Çöğür) under full irrigation and no-irrigation treatments. An integrated damage index was calculated from five morphological traits (shoot length, leaf area, specific leaf weight, and fresh and dry weights) to quantify drought sensitivity. Morphological traits, including shoot length, leaf area, specific leaf weight, plant fresh and dry weight, were measured. Individual stress tolerance indices and an overall damage index were calculated to assess drought sensitivity among cultivars. Significant genotypic variation in morphological sensitivity to drought was observed. Hacıhaliloğlu exhibited the highest cumulative damage index (169.34), followed by Şalak (145.26) and Çöloğlu (137.58), indicating pronounced susceptibility. In contrast, Kabaaşı (104.29), Hasanbey (108.33), and Soğancı (112.64) demonstrated superior drought resilience. Trait-specific responses showed severe reductions in leaf area (35.68%) and shoot length (35.80%) in Hacıhaliloğlu, while Kabaaşı maintained relatively stable biomass, with limited declines in fresh (18.99%) and dry weight (27.56%). Tokaloğlu recorded the smallest reduction in specific leaf weight (6.53%). The total damage index of Hacıhaliloğlu was approximately 60% higher than Kabaaşı. These findings emphasize the variability in drought tolerance among traditional apricot cultivars, highlighting Kabaaşı and Hasanbey as promising candidates for cultivation in drought-prone regions. In contrast, the high commercial value cultivar Hacıhaliloğlu may exhibit limited long-term adaptive capacity under reduced irrigation, posing a potential risk to the sustainability of apricot production in water-limited environments. This study provides valuable insights for cultivar selection, regional adaptation, and breeding programs targeting drought tolerance. Further research on the use of drought-tolerant cultivars as rootstocks could improve stress mitigation strategies in apricot orchards. However, as this study was conducted under greenhouse pot conditions, the findings should be interpreted within this context and validated under orchard conditions to ensure broader applicability.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

TÜBİTAK

Project Number

120O669

Ethical Statement

We declare that the study does not require the approval of an ethics committee

Thanks

The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support provided by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Türkiye (TÜBİTAK) under the research project No. 120O669

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Plant Physiology , Pomology and Treatment

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

İbrahim Kutalmış Kutsal ^*
0000-0002-9512-4289
Türkiye

Hüseyin Karlıdağ
0000-0002-9317-8021
Türkiye

Early Pub Date

February 27, 2026

Publication Date

February 27, 2026

Submission Date

September 16, 2025

Acceptance Date

October 30, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 1970 Number: Advanced Online Publication

DOI

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1785217

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA89NU99ZR

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Kutsal, İ. K., & Karlıdağ, H. (2026). Comparative Analysis of Morphological Responses to Drought Conditions in Some Apricot Cultivars. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım Ve Doğa Dergisi, Advanced Online Publication, 996-1012. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1785217