Effects of Early-Season Leaf Removal on Shoot Development and the Physiology and Viability of Winter Buds in the Karaerik (Vitis vinifera L.) Grape Cultivar

Tevhit Geçim; Özkan Kaya; Nalan Nazan Kalkan; Abdurrahim Bozkurt; Birol Karadoğan; Serkan Candar; İsmail Esmek

doi:10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1851359

TR EN

Karaerik (Vitis vinifera L.) Üzüm Çeşidinde Erken Dönemde Yaprak Almanın Sürgün Gelişimi ile Kış Gözlerinin Fizyolojisi ve Canlılığı Üzerine Etkileri

Abstract

Bu çalışma, Karaerik üzüm çeşidinde (Vitis vinifera L.) farklı fenolojik dönemlerde uygulanan yaprak alma işlemlerinin asmanın fenolojik gelişimi, sürgün özellikleri ve kış gözlerinin fizyolojik durumu üzerindeki etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Araştırma 2019–2021 yılları arasında gerçekleştirilmiş; yaprak alma uygulamaları çiçeklenme öncesi (PF), tam çiçeklenme (FF) ve meyve tutumu (FS) dönemlerinde yapılmış, uygulama yapılmayan asmalar kontrol olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Üç yıllık ortalama gözlemlere göre, yaprak alma uygulamaları kontrol asmalarına kıyasla daha erken fenolojik gelişim eğilimi ile ilişkilendirilmiştir. Ben düşme dönemi PF ve FF uygulamalarında 28 Temmuz–1 Ağustos tarihleri arasında gerçekleşirken, kontrol asmalarında bu dönem 5–8 Ağustos’ta gözlenmiştir. Yaprak alma uygulamalarının uyanma oranı (%89.25–90.74) üzerinde etkisi olmamıştır. Buna karşın toplam çiçek salkımı sayısı PF, FF ve FS uygulamalarında sırasıyla 27.44, 27.33 ve 27.22 adet olarak belirlenmiş, kontrol uygulamasında bu değer 26.22 adet olarak saptanmıştır. Kış gözlerinde çözünebilir karbonhidrat içeriği bakımından en yüksek değer PF uygulamasında 10.10 mg g-1 iken, kontrol asmalarında bu değer 4.87 mg g-1 olmuştur. Primer göz nekrozu oranı yaprak alma uygulamalarında %3.00–4.11 arasında değişmiş, kontrol uygulamasında ise %9.11’e ulaşmıştır. En düşük soğuk zararı oranı FS uygulamasında %4.67 olarak belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca FS uygulaması göz taze (3.05 g) ve kuru ağırlığı (2.10 g) bakımından öne çıkmıştır. Sonuç olarak, Karaerik üzüm yetiştiriciliğinde özellikle çiçeklenme öncesi ve meyve tutumu dönemlerinde uygulanan yaprak almanın erkencilik sağladığı ve kış gözlerinin fizyolojik dayanıklılığını artırdığı belirlenmiştir.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

Tarımsal Araştırmalar ve Politikalar Genel Müdürlüğü tarafından desteklenmiştir.

Project Number

TAGEM/BBAD/B/19/A1/P6/901

Ethical Statement

Bu çalışma için etik onay gerekmemektedir.

Thanks

Bu çalışmanın yürütülmesindeki destekleri için Erzincan Bahçe Kültürleri Araştırma Enstitüsü Müdürlüğüne ve çalışanlarına teşekkürlerimi sunmak isterim.

Effects of Early-Season Leaf Removal on Shoot Development and the Physiology and Viability of Winter Buds in the Karaerik (Vitis vinifera L.) Grape Cultivar

Abstract

This study evaluated the effects of leaf removal applied at different phenological stages on phenological development, shoot characteristics, and the physiological status of winter buds in the Karaerik grape cultivar (Vitis vinifera L.). The experiment was conducted over three consecutive growing seasons (2019–2021). Leaf removal was applied at the pre-flowering (PF), full flowering (FF), and fruit set (FS) stages, while untreated vines served as the control. Based on three-year mean observations, leaf removal treatments tended to be associated with earlier phenological development compared with the control vines. Veraison occurred between July 28 and August 1 in the PF and FF treatments, whereas it was delayed until August 5–8 in the control vines. The budburst ratio was not significantly affected by the treatments and ranged from 89.25% to 90.74%. In contrast, the total number of inflorescences increased under leaf removal, reaching 27.44, 27.33, and 27.22 in the PF, FF, and FS treatments, respectively, compared to 26.22 in the control. Winter bud soluble carbohydrate content was significantly enhanced by leaf removal, with the highest concentration observed in the PF treatment (10.10 mg g-1), whereas the control vines exhibited markedly lower levels (4.87 mg g-1). Primary bud necrosis ranged from 3.00% to 4.11% in treated vines but increased to 9.11% in the control. The lowest cold injury rate was recorded in the FS treatment (4.67%), which also produced the highest bud fresh (3.05 g) and dry weights (2.10 g). Overall, leaf removal, particularly when applied at the pre-flowering and fruit set stages, was shown to be an effective cultural practice for advancing phenological development and improving the physiological quality and cold tolerance of winter buds in the Karaerik grape cultivar.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

This study was supported by the General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policies.

Project Number

TAGEM/BBAD/B/19/A1/P6/901

Ethical Statement

Ethical approval is not required for this study.

Thanks

I would like to express my gratitude to the Erzincan Horticultural Research Institute Directorate and its staff for their support in conducting this study.

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Oenology and Viticulture

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Tevhit Geçim ^*
0000-0003-2406-9929
Türkiye

Özkan Kaya
0000-0002-1679-6125
Türkiye

Nalan Nazan Kalkan
0000-0002-9204-7281
Türkiye

Abdurrahim Bozkurt
0000-0001-7315-202X
Türkiye

Birol Karadoğan
0000-0002-1526-1751
Türkiye

Serkan Candar
0000-0002-2608-8691
Türkiye

İsmail Esmek
0009-0002-3883-0862
Türkiye

Early Pub Date

September 20, 2026

Publication Date

-

Submission Date

December 30, 2025

Acceptance Date

March 26, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Number: Advanced Online Publication

DOI

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1851359

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA48SR57BG

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Geçim, T., Kaya, Ö., Kalkan, N. N., Bozkurt, A., Karadoğan, B., Candar, S., & Esmek, İ. (2026). Effects of Early-Season Leaf Removal on Shoot Development and the Physiology and Viability of Winter Buds in the Karaerik (Vitis vinifera L.) Grape Cultivar. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım Ve Doğa Dergisi, Advanced Online Publication, 65-76. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1851359

AMA

1.Geçim T, Kaya Ö, Kalkan NN, et al. Effects of Early-Season Leaf Removal on Shoot Development and the Physiology and Viability of Winter Buds in the Karaerik (Vitis vinifera L.) Grape Cultivar. KSU J. Agric Nat. 2026;(Advanced Online Publication):65-76. doi:10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1851359

Chicago

Geçim, Tevhit, Özkan Kaya, Nalan Nazan Kalkan, et al. 2026. “Effects of Early-Season Leaf Removal on Shoot Development and the Physiology and Viability of Winter Buds in the Karaerik (Vitis Vinifera L.) Grape Cultivar”. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım Ve Doğa Dergisi, no. Advanced Online Publication: 65-76. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1851359.

EndNote

Geçim T, Kaya Ö, Kalkan NN, Bozkurt A, Karadoğan B, Candar S, Esmek İ (September 1, 2026) Effects of Early-Season Leaf Removal on Shoot Development and the Physiology and Viability of Winter Buds in the Karaerik (Vitis vinifera L.) Grape Cultivar. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi Advanced Online Publication 65–76.

IEEE

[1]T. Geçim et al., “Effects of Early-Season Leaf Removal on Shoot Development and the Physiology and Viability of Winter Buds in the Karaerik (Vitis vinifera L.) Grape Cultivar”, KSU J. Agric Nat., no. Advanced Online Publication, pp. 65–76, Sept. 2026, doi: 10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1851359.

ISNAD

Geçim, Tevhit - Kaya, Özkan - Kalkan, Nalan Nazan - Bozkurt, Abdurrahim - Karadoğan, Birol - Candar, Serkan - Esmek, İsmail. “Effects of Early-Season Leaf Removal on Shoot Development and the Physiology and Viability of Winter Buds in the Karaerik (Vitis Vinifera L.) Grape Cultivar”. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi. Advanced Online Publication (September 1, 2026): 65-76. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1851359.

JAMA

1.Geçim T, Kaya Ö, Kalkan NN, Bozkurt A, Karadoğan B, Candar S, Esmek İ. Effects of Early-Season Leaf Removal on Shoot Development and the Physiology and Viability of Winter Buds in the Karaerik (Vitis vinifera L.) Grape Cultivar. KSU J. Agric Nat. 2026;:65–76.

MLA

Geçim, Tevhit, et al. “Effects of Early-Season Leaf Removal on Shoot Development and the Physiology and Viability of Winter Buds in the Karaerik (Vitis Vinifera L.) Grape Cultivar”. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım Ve Doğa Dergisi, no. Advanced Online Publication, Sept. 2026, pp. 65-76, doi:10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1851359.

Vancouver

1.Tevhit Geçim, Özkan Kaya, Nalan Nazan Kalkan, Abdurrahim Bozkurt, Birol Karadoğan, Serkan Candar, İsmail Esmek. Effects of Early-Season Leaf Removal on Shoot Development and the Physiology and Viability of Winter Buds in the Karaerik (Vitis vinifera L.) Grape Cultivar. KSU J. Agric Nat. 2026 Sep. 1;(Advanced Online Publication):65-76. doi:10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1851359