Farklı Gelişme Dönemlerinde Hasat Edilen Saz Bitkisinin (Phragmites Australis) Yem Değerinin Belirlenmesi
Öz
Bu
çalışma, saz bitkisinin (Phragmites
australis) yem değerini belirlemek amacıyla düzenlenmiştir. Bu amaçla,
bitki en uygun hasat zamanı tespiti için 3 farklı gelişim döneminde (Haziran
ayı içinde 2 hafta aralıkla) hasat edilmiştir. Hasat sonrası bitki kurutulmuş
ve öğütülerek kimyasal analizler ile besinsel özellikleri saptanmıştır. Saz
bitkisinin hasat zamanı, kimyasal bileşim (kuru maddede) ve diğer besin değeri
unsurlarını önemli derecede etkilemiştir (P<0.05). Saz bitkisinin hasat
dönemlerine göre ham protein (HP), ham yağ, ham kül, nötr deterjan lif, asit
deterjan lif ve asit deterjan lignin içerikleri sırasıyla; %10.63-17.30,
%2.05-2.57, %7.65-8.75, %64.0-70.75, %33,26-37-14 ve %3.11-4.20 arasında
değişmiştir. Saz bitkisinin metabolik enerji (ME) değeri 2.10-2.15 Mcal/kg KM, nispi
yem değeri (NYD) ise 78.72-90.49 arasında bulunmuştur. Araştırma sonucu
incelendiğinde saz bitkisinin HP, ME ve NYD değeri bakımından yonca gibi bazı
kaba yemlere benzer özellik gösterdiği görülmektedir. Bitki bu özellikleri
nedeniyle ruminant beslemede kullanılabilecek bir kaba yem olduğu söylenebilir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Saz bitkisi (Phragmites australis) Hasat dönemi Nispi yem değeri
Kaynakça
- AOAC 1990. Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Official Method of Analysis. 15th.ed. Washington, DC. USA. pp. 66-88.
- Adesogan AT, Sollenberger LE, Moore JE 2006. Forage Quality. In: Florida forages handbook. (Ed. C.G. Chambliss and M. B. Adjei) Univercity of Florida. Cooperative Extension Services.
- Angelini LG, Ceccarini L, Di Nasso NNO, Bonari E 2009. Comparison of Arundo donax L. and Miscanthus x giganteus in a long-term field experiment in Central Italy: Analysis of productive characteristics and energy balance. Biomass and Bioenergy, 33:635–643.
- Anonim 2017. Göller ve sulak alanlar eylem planı. T.C. Orman ve Su İşleri Bakanlığı Su Yönetimi Genel Müdürlüğü.
- Asano K, Ishikawa T, Ishida M 2017. Digestibility of common reed (Pharagmites communis Trin.) silage as ruminant feed and effects of inclusion levels in the diet of breeding cows on feed intake, ruminal fermentation and blood metabolites. Animal Science Journal, 88(12): 1955-1962.
- Asano K, Ishikawa T, Araie A, Ishida M 2018. Improving quality of common reed (Phragmites communis Trin.) silage with additives. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 31(11): 1747.
- Baran M, Váradyová Z, Kráčmár S, Hedvábný J 2002. The common reed (Phragmites australis) as a source of roughage in ruminant nutrition. Acta Veterinaria Brno, 71(4): 445-449.
- Canbolat Ö, Karaman Ş 2009. Bazı baklagil kaba yemlerinin in vitro gaz üretimi, organik madde sindirimi, nispi yem değeri ve metabolik enerji içeriklerinin karşılaştırılması. Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 15(2): 188-195.
- Csurhes S 2009. Weed risk assessment: Giant reed (Arundo donax). Biosecurity queensland, queensland primary industries and fisheries, department of employment, Economic Development and Innovation. https://www.aphis.usda.gov/ plant_health/plant_pestinfo/weeds/downloads /wra/ Arundo_donax_WRA.pdf. (Erişim tarihi: 14.06.2018).
- El-Talty YI, Abdel-Gwad MH, Mahmoud AEM 2015. Effect of common reed (Phragmites australis) silage on performance of growing lambs. Asian Journal of Animal Science, 9: 1-12.
- Hidalgo M, Fernandez J 2000. Biomass production of ten populations of Giant reed (Arundo donax L.) under the environmental conditions of Madrid (Spain). Biomass for Energy and Industry: Proceeding book.
- Kering MK, Butler TJ, Biermacher JT, Guretzky JA 2012. Biomass yield and nutrient removal rates of perennial grasses under nitrogen fertilization. Bioenergy Research, 5: 61–70.
- Kipriotis E 2013. Fibre Crops as a source for animal feeding. Ministry of Rural Development and Food, Greece. http://www.fibrafp7.net/portals/0/03_ vafeiadakis&kipriotis.pdf. (Erişim tarihi: 14.06.2018).
- Lewandowski I, Scurlock JM, Lindvall E, Christou M 2003. The development and current status of perennial rhizomatous grasses as energy crops in the US and Europe. Biomass and bioenergy, 25(4): 335-361.
- Mack RN 2008. Evaluating the credits and debits of a proposed biofuel species: Giant Reed (Arundo donax). Weed Science, 56: 883–888.
- Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle, 2001. Seventh Edition, Subcommittee on Dairy Cattle Nutrition Committee on Animal Nutrition Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources National Research Council, National Academy Press, Washington D.C.
- Öztürk HH 2012. Enerji Bitkileri ve Biyoyakıt Üretimi, Hasad Yayıncılık Ltd. Şti., İstanbul.
- Scragg AH 2009. Biofuels: Production, Application and Development. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kindom.
- SPSS. 1998. Version 17.00 for Windows. SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL. USA.
- Van Soest PJ, Robertson JD, Lewis BA 1991. Methods for dietary fibre, neutral detergent fibre and non-starch polysaccharides in relation to animal Nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science, 74: 3583–3597.
- Van Soest PJ 1996. Allometry and ecology of feeding behavior and digestive capacity in herbivores: a review. Zoo Biology: Published in affiliation with the American Zoo and Aquarium Association, 15: 455-479.
- Williams CMJ, Biswas TK, Glatz P, Kumar M 2007. Use of recycled water from intensive primary industries to grow crops within integrated biosystems. Agricultural Science, 21: 34–36.
- Williams CMJ, Biswas TK, Márton L, Czakó M 2013. Arundo donax. Singh BP (ed), Biofuels Crops: Production, Physiology and Genetics. USA/Georgia, pp: 249-270.
Öz
This study was conducted to
determine the feed value of the common reed (Phragmites australis). For this purpose, the plant was harvested at
3 different developmental stages (2-week intervals in June) for optimal harvest
time determination. After harvesting, the plant was dried and grounded, and then
chemical analyzes and nutritional properties were determined. The harvest time
were significantly affected the chemical composition (dry matter) and
nutritional value of the common reed plant (P <0.05). The common reed plant’
crude protein (HP), crude oil, crude ash, neutral detergent fiber, acid
detergent fiber and acid detergent lignin contents were determined as 10.63-17.30%,
2.05-2.57%, 7.65-8.75%, 64.0-70.75%, 33.26-37-14% and 3.11-4.20%, respectively,
in the different harvest periods. The metabolic energy (ME) value of the common
reed plant was 2.10-2.15 mcal / kg DM and the relative feed value (NYD) was
78.72-90.49. As a result, the common reed plant sustained similar
characteristics to some roughages such as alfalfa in terms of HP, ME and NYD.
Due to these properties, this plant can be used in ruminant feeding as a
roughage feed source.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Common reed (Phragmites australis) Sowing periods Relative feed value
Kaynakça
- AOAC 1990. Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Official Method of Analysis. 15th.ed. Washington, DC. USA. pp. 66-88.
- Adesogan AT, Sollenberger LE, Moore JE 2006. Forage Quality. In: Florida forages handbook. (Ed. C.G. Chambliss and M. B. Adjei) Univercity of Florida. Cooperative Extension Services.
- Angelini LG, Ceccarini L, Di Nasso NNO, Bonari E 2009. Comparison of Arundo donax L. and Miscanthus x giganteus in a long-term field experiment in Central Italy: Analysis of productive characteristics and energy balance. Biomass and Bioenergy, 33:635–643.
- Anonim 2017. Göller ve sulak alanlar eylem planı. T.C. Orman ve Su İşleri Bakanlığı Su Yönetimi Genel Müdürlüğü.
- Asano K, Ishikawa T, Ishida M 2017. Digestibility of common reed (Pharagmites communis Trin.) silage as ruminant feed and effects of inclusion levels in the diet of breeding cows on feed intake, ruminal fermentation and blood metabolites. Animal Science Journal, 88(12): 1955-1962.
- Asano K, Ishikawa T, Araie A, Ishida M 2018. Improving quality of common reed (Phragmites communis Trin.) silage with additives. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 31(11): 1747.
- Baran M, Váradyová Z, Kráčmár S, Hedvábný J 2002. The common reed (Phragmites australis) as a source of roughage in ruminant nutrition. Acta Veterinaria Brno, 71(4): 445-449.
- Canbolat Ö, Karaman Ş 2009. Bazı baklagil kaba yemlerinin in vitro gaz üretimi, organik madde sindirimi, nispi yem değeri ve metabolik enerji içeriklerinin karşılaştırılması. Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 15(2): 188-195.
- Csurhes S 2009. Weed risk assessment: Giant reed (Arundo donax). Biosecurity queensland, queensland primary industries and fisheries, department of employment, Economic Development and Innovation. https://www.aphis.usda.gov/ plant_health/plant_pestinfo/weeds/downloads /wra/ Arundo_donax_WRA.pdf. (Erişim tarihi: 14.06.2018).
- El-Talty YI, Abdel-Gwad MH, Mahmoud AEM 2015. Effect of common reed (Phragmites australis) silage on performance of growing lambs. Asian Journal of Animal Science, 9: 1-12.
- Hidalgo M, Fernandez J 2000. Biomass production of ten populations of Giant reed (Arundo donax L.) under the environmental conditions of Madrid (Spain). Biomass for Energy and Industry: Proceeding book.
- Kering MK, Butler TJ, Biermacher JT, Guretzky JA 2012. Biomass yield and nutrient removal rates of perennial grasses under nitrogen fertilization. Bioenergy Research, 5: 61–70.
- Kipriotis E 2013. Fibre Crops as a source for animal feeding. Ministry of Rural Development and Food, Greece. http://www.fibrafp7.net/portals/0/03_ vafeiadakis&kipriotis.pdf. (Erişim tarihi: 14.06.2018).
- Lewandowski I, Scurlock JM, Lindvall E, Christou M 2003. The development and current status of perennial rhizomatous grasses as energy crops in the US and Europe. Biomass and bioenergy, 25(4): 335-361.
- Mack RN 2008. Evaluating the credits and debits of a proposed biofuel species: Giant Reed (Arundo donax). Weed Science, 56: 883–888.
- Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle, 2001. Seventh Edition, Subcommittee on Dairy Cattle Nutrition Committee on Animal Nutrition Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources National Research Council, National Academy Press, Washington D.C.
- Öztürk HH 2012. Enerji Bitkileri ve Biyoyakıt Üretimi, Hasad Yayıncılık Ltd. Şti., İstanbul.
- Scragg AH 2009. Biofuels: Production, Application and Development. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kindom.
- SPSS. 1998. Version 17.00 for Windows. SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL. USA.
- Van Soest PJ, Robertson JD, Lewis BA 1991. Methods for dietary fibre, neutral detergent fibre and non-starch polysaccharides in relation to animal Nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science, 74: 3583–3597.
- Van Soest PJ 1996. Allometry and ecology of feeding behavior and digestive capacity in herbivores: a review. Zoo Biology: Published in affiliation with the American Zoo and Aquarium Association, 15: 455-479.
- Williams CMJ, Biswas TK, Glatz P, Kumar M 2007. Use of recycled water from intensive primary industries to grow crops within integrated biosystems. Agricultural Science, 21: 34–36.
- Williams CMJ, Biswas TK, Márton L, Czakó M 2013. Arundo donax. Singh BP (ed), Biofuels Crops: Production, Physiology and Genetics. USA/Georgia, pp: 249-270.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Bölüm | ARAŞTIRMA MAKALESİ (Research Article) |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 30 Haziran 2019 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 7 Aralık 2018 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 31 Ocak 2019 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2019Cilt: 22 Sayı: 3 |
2022-JIF = 0.500
2022-JCI = 0.170
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