Abstract
Herbs and spices have long been used to improve
the flavor of food. Cumin, one of these spices, is widely used all over the
world. However different species known as cumin are used for the same purpose.
According to the data obtained from ethnobotanical studies in Turkey, four
species are known and used as cumin (Kimyon) in the country; Carum carvi L., Cuminum cyminum L., Laser
trilobum (L.) Borkh. and Grammosciadium
daucoides DC. In this study, comparative fruit anatomy and morphology of
species were studied. The purpose of this study was to have easier species
identification by revealing the differences between their fruits. Considerable
differences were observed in the fruit morphology with different shapes. Also,
the fruit surface patterns of species showed important differences with the
only similarities of their surfaces were being striated. Carum carvi and Grammosciadium
daucoides had prominent striae, while Cuminum
cyminum and Laser trilobum
sustained slight striae. Species had different fruit anatomical shapes. The
extent of costal channels and the presence of secondary and primary ribs were
important differences. An identification key based on both morphological and
anatomical characters were presented for the studied species.
References
- Aksenov ES, Tikhomirov VN 1972. Klyuch dlya opredeleniya po plodam vidov roda Pimpinella L. flory USSR. Byulleten Glavnogo botanicheskogo sada (Moscow), 85: 35-45.
- Bani B, Ulusoy F, Karakaya MA, Koch MA 2016a. Taxonomic implications from morphological and anatomical studies in the section Stenodipterafrom the genus Grammosciadium (Apiaceae). PhytoKeys, 68: 73-89.
- Bani B, Karakaya MA, Çeter T 2016b. Fruit micromorphological characters of the genus Grammosciadium DC. (Apiaceae) in Turkey. Phytotaxa, 246(2): 184-91.
- Baytop T 1999. Türkiye’de Bitkiler İle Tedavi. Nobel Tıp Kitabevleri, İstanbul.
- Bulut, G, Tuzlacı E, Doğan A, Şenkardeş İ 2014. An ethnopharmacological review on the Turkish Apiaceae species. Journal of Faculty Pharmacy of Istanbul University, 44(2): 163-179.
- Chevallier A 2016. Encyclopedia of Herbal Medicine: 550 Herbs and Remedies for Common Ailments, Third ed., Dorling Kindersley Book, New York, 197p.
- Çelebioğlu S, Baytop T 1949. A New Reagent for Microscopical Investigation of Plant. 10. Publication of the Institute of Pharmacognosy, 301p.
- Doğan A, Şenkardeş İ, Bulut G, Tuzlacı 2014. An ethnopharmacological review on the Turkish Apiaceae species. Journal of Faculty Pharmacy of Istanbul University, 44(2): 163-179.
- Güneş S, Savran A, Paksoy MY, Koşar M, Çakılcıoğlu U 2017. Ethnopharmacological survey of medicinal plants in Karaisalı and its surrounding (Adana-Turkey). Journal of herbal medicine, 8: 68-75.
- Hedge IC, Lamond JM 1972a. Carum L. (Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, vol 4. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh: Ed. Davis PH) 319.
- Hedge IC, Lamond JM 1972b. Laser Borkh. (Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, vol 4. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh: Ed. Davis PH) 513.
- Hedge IC, Lamond JM 1972c. Grammosciadium DC. (Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, vol 4. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh: Ed. Davis PH) 347-348.
- Hickey M, King C 1997. Common Families of Flowering Plants. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
- Kızılarslan Hançer Ç, Akalın Uruşak E 2017. Term of “Vitta” and Their Localization in Fruit Anatomy of Apiaceae Family. Avrasya Terim Dergisi, 5(2): 19-24.
- Liu M, Downie SR 2017. The Phylogenetic Significance of Fruit Anatomical and Micromorphological Structures in Chinese Heracleum Species and Related Taxa (Apiaceae). Systematic Botany, 42(2): 313-325.
- Menemen Y 2012a. Carum L. (Türkiye Bitkileri Listesi/Damarlı Bitkiler, Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanik Bahçesi ve Flora Araştırmaları Derneği Yayını, Istanbul: Ed Güner A, Aslan S, Ekim T, Vural M, Babaç MT) 55.
- Menemen Y 2012b. Cuminum L. (Türkiye Bitkileri Listesi/Damarlı Bitkiler, Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanik Bahçesi ve Flora Araştırmaları Derneği Yayını, Istanbul: Ed Güner A, Aslan S, Ekim T, Vural M, Babaç MT) 57.
- Menemen Y2012c Laser Borkh. (Türkiye Bitkileri Listesi/Damarlı Bitkiler, Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanik Bahçesi ve Flora Araştırmaları Derneği Yayını, Istanbul: Ed Güner A, Aslan S, Ekim T, Vural M, Babaç MT) 68.
- Menemen Y 2012d. Grammosciadium DC. (Türkiye Bitkileri Listesi/Damarlı Bitkiler, Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanik Bahçesi ve Flora Araştırmaları Derneği Yayını, Istanbul: Ed Güner A, Aslan S, Ekim T, Vural M, Babaç MT) 65.
- Mete O 2017. Baharatlar. Alfa Basım Yayım Dağıtım San. Ve Tic. Ltd. Şti, İstanbul, 206-207p.
- Ostroumova TA, Pimenov MG, Ukrainskaya UA 2010. Micromorphological diversity of hairs and emergences on fruits in the Umbelliferae and its taxanomic value. Botanicheskij Zhurnal, 95(9): 1219-1231.
- Özdemir E, Kültür Ş 2017. Wild edible plants of savaştepe district (Balıkesir, Turkey). Marmara Pharmaceutical Journal, 21(3): 578-589.
- Özcan T 2004. Analysis of the fruit surfaces in Bupleurum L. (Umbelliferae) with SEM. Plant Systematic and Evolution, 247: 61-67.
- Özhatay N, Akalın E, Özhatay E, Ünlü S 2009. Rare and Endemic Taxa of Apiaceae in Turkey and Their Conservation Significance. J. Fac. Pharm. Istanbul, 40.
- Pimenov MG, Leonov MV 1993. The Genera of the Umbelliferae. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- Pimenov MG, Leonov MV 2004. The Asian Umbelliferae Biodiversity Database (ASIUM) with Particular Reference to South-West Asian Taxa. Turkish Journal of Botany, 28: 139-145.
- Stearn WT 2005. Botanical Latin. Timber Press, Portland.
- Tuzlacı E 2011. Türkiye’nin yabani besin bitkileri ve ot yemekleri. Alfa Basım Yayım Dağıtım San. Ve Tic. Ltd. Şti., İstanbul.
- Ulusoy F, Karakaya MA, Mavi Idman DO, Bani B 2017. A new diagnostic character in the roots of the genus Grammosciadium DC. (Apiaceae). Phytotaxa, 292(2):150-160. [CrossRef]
- Yeşil Y, Akalin Uruşak E 2010. The Use of Wild Edible Plants in Kürecik (Akçadağ/Malatya). J. Fac. Pharm. Istanbul, 41: 90-103.
- Zakharova EA 2010. Morphological evidence of polyphyletic nature of traditional Carum (Apiaceae-Apioideae). Plant Div. Evol., 128: 409-421.
Abstract
Baharatlar, yemeklere lezzet vermek için uzun zamandan
beri kullanılmaktadır. Bu baharatlardan biri de tüm dünyada yaygın olarak
kullanılan kimyondur. Kimyon olarak bilinen farklı türler aynı amaç için
kullanılmaktadır. Türkiye'deki etnobotanik çalışmalardan elde edilen verilere
göre Türkiye'de kimyon olarak kullanılan dört tür bilinmektedir. Bu türler; Carum carvi L., Cuminum cyminum L., Laser
trilobum (L.) Borkh. ve Grammosciadium
daucoides DC. Bu çalışmada kimyon olarak kullanılan türlerin
karşılaştırmalı meyve anatomisi ve morfolojisi incelenmiştir. Bu çalışmanın
amacı, meyveler arasındaki anatomik ve morfolojik farkları ortaya çıkararak
türlerin birbirinden ayırt edilmesini kolaylaştırmaktır. Bu türlerin meyve
morfolojisinde önemli farklılıklar gözlenmiştir. Ayrıca, türlerin meyve
yüzeyinde yapılan mikromorfolojik çalışmalarda da belirgin farklılıklar ortaya
konulmuştur. Kimyon olarak kullanılan türlerin meyve anatomisi incelendiğinde
salgı kanalların yerleşimi ve primer veya sekonder kostaların varlığı gibi
önemli farklılıklara rastlanmıştır. Çalışılan türler için hem morfolojik hem de
anatomik karakterlere dayanan bir teşhis anahtarı sunulmuştur.
References
- Aksenov ES, Tikhomirov VN 1972. Klyuch dlya opredeleniya po plodam vidov roda Pimpinella L. flory USSR. Byulleten Glavnogo botanicheskogo sada (Moscow), 85: 35-45.
- Bani B, Ulusoy F, Karakaya MA, Koch MA 2016a. Taxonomic implications from morphological and anatomical studies in the section Stenodipterafrom the genus Grammosciadium (Apiaceae). PhytoKeys, 68: 73-89.
- Bani B, Karakaya MA, Çeter T 2016b. Fruit micromorphological characters of the genus Grammosciadium DC. (Apiaceae) in Turkey. Phytotaxa, 246(2): 184-91.
- Baytop T 1999. Türkiye’de Bitkiler İle Tedavi. Nobel Tıp Kitabevleri, İstanbul.
- Bulut, G, Tuzlacı E, Doğan A, Şenkardeş İ 2014. An ethnopharmacological review on the Turkish Apiaceae species. Journal of Faculty Pharmacy of Istanbul University, 44(2): 163-179.
- Chevallier A 2016. Encyclopedia of Herbal Medicine: 550 Herbs and Remedies for Common Ailments, Third ed., Dorling Kindersley Book, New York, 197p.
- Çelebioğlu S, Baytop T 1949. A New Reagent for Microscopical Investigation of Plant. 10. Publication of the Institute of Pharmacognosy, 301p.
- Doğan A, Şenkardeş İ, Bulut G, Tuzlacı 2014. An ethnopharmacological review on the Turkish Apiaceae species. Journal of Faculty Pharmacy of Istanbul University, 44(2): 163-179.
- Güneş S, Savran A, Paksoy MY, Koşar M, Çakılcıoğlu U 2017. Ethnopharmacological survey of medicinal plants in Karaisalı and its surrounding (Adana-Turkey). Journal of herbal medicine, 8: 68-75.
- Hedge IC, Lamond JM 1972a. Carum L. (Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, vol 4. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh: Ed. Davis PH) 319.
- Hedge IC, Lamond JM 1972b. Laser Borkh. (Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, vol 4. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh: Ed. Davis PH) 513.
- Hedge IC, Lamond JM 1972c. Grammosciadium DC. (Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, vol 4. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh: Ed. Davis PH) 347-348.
- Hickey M, King C 1997. Common Families of Flowering Plants. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
- Kızılarslan Hançer Ç, Akalın Uruşak E 2017. Term of “Vitta” and Their Localization in Fruit Anatomy of Apiaceae Family. Avrasya Terim Dergisi, 5(2): 19-24.
- Liu M, Downie SR 2017. The Phylogenetic Significance of Fruit Anatomical and Micromorphological Structures in Chinese Heracleum Species and Related Taxa (Apiaceae). Systematic Botany, 42(2): 313-325.
- Menemen Y 2012a. Carum L. (Türkiye Bitkileri Listesi/Damarlı Bitkiler, Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanik Bahçesi ve Flora Araştırmaları Derneği Yayını, Istanbul: Ed Güner A, Aslan S, Ekim T, Vural M, Babaç MT) 55.
- Menemen Y 2012b. Cuminum L. (Türkiye Bitkileri Listesi/Damarlı Bitkiler, Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanik Bahçesi ve Flora Araştırmaları Derneği Yayını, Istanbul: Ed Güner A, Aslan S, Ekim T, Vural M, Babaç MT) 57.
- Menemen Y2012c Laser Borkh. (Türkiye Bitkileri Listesi/Damarlı Bitkiler, Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanik Bahçesi ve Flora Araştırmaları Derneği Yayını, Istanbul: Ed Güner A, Aslan S, Ekim T, Vural M, Babaç MT) 68.
- Menemen Y 2012d. Grammosciadium DC. (Türkiye Bitkileri Listesi/Damarlı Bitkiler, Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanik Bahçesi ve Flora Araştırmaları Derneği Yayını, Istanbul: Ed Güner A, Aslan S, Ekim T, Vural M, Babaç MT) 65.
- Mete O 2017. Baharatlar. Alfa Basım Yayım Dağıtım San. Ve Tic. Ltd. Şti, İstanbul, 206-207p.
- Ostroumova TA, Pimenov MG, Ukrainskaya UA 2010. Micromorphological diversity of hairs and emergences on fruits in the Umbelliferae and its taxanomic value. Botanicheskij Zhurnal, 95(9): 1219-1231.
- Özdemir E, Kültür Ş 2017. Wild edible plants of savaştepe district (Balıkesir, Turkey). Marmara Pharmaceutical Journal, 21(3): 578-589.
- Özcan T 2004. Analysis of the fruit surfaces in Bupleurum L. (Umbelliferae) with SEM. Plant Systematic and Evolution, 247: 61-67.
- Özhatay N, Akalın E, Özhatay E, Ünlü S 2009. Rare and Endemic Taxa of Apiaceae in Turkey and Their Conservation Significance. J. Fac. Pharm. Istanbul, 40.
- Pimenov MG, Leonov MV 1993. The Genera of the Umbelliferae. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- Pimenov MG, Leonov MV 2004. The Asian Umbelliferae Biodiversity Database (ASIUM) with Particular Reference to South-West Asian Taxa. Turkish Journal of Botany, 28: 139-145.
- Stearn WT 2005. Botanical Latin. Timber Press, Portland.
- Tuzlacı E 2011. Türkiye’nin yabani besin bitkileri ve ot yemekleri. Alfa Basım Yayım Dağıtım San. Ve Tic. Ltd. Şti., İstanbul.
- Ulusoy F, Karakaya MA, Mavi Idman DO, Bani B 2017. A new diagnostic character in the roots of the genus Grammosciadium DC. (Apiaceae). Phytotaxa, 292(2):150-160. [CrossRef]
- Yeşil Y, Akalin Uruşak E 2010. The Use of Wild Edible Plants in Kürecik (Akçadağ/Malatya). J. Fac. Pharm. Istanbul, 41: 90-103.
- Zakharova EA 2010. Morphological evidence of polyphyletic nature of traditional Carum (Apiaceae-Apioideae). Plant Div. Evol., 128: 409-421.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Journal Section | RESEARCH ARTICLE |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | August 31, 2019 |
| Submission Date | January 17, 2019 |
| Acceptance Date | April 18, 2019 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2019Volume: 22 Issue: 4 |
Cited By
Detailed Fruit Anatomy of the Genus Grammosciadium DC. (Apiaceae)
Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi
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