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Determination of Plant Parasitic Nematode Fauna and Evaluation of Soil Quality in Olive Orchards of Çanakkale Province, Türkiye

Year 2025, Volume: 28 Issue: 3, 830 - 842

Çağla Aktürk , Uğur Gözel

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1614984

Abstract

In September 2023, a total of 185 soil samples were collected from the olive orchards in Çanakkale province’s Centre district and the districts of Ayvacık, Bayramiç, Biga, Ezine, and Lapseki to identify the plant-parasitic nematode communities present, determine their distribution maps, and evaluate soil quality by demonstrating the use of nematodes as bioindicators. A total of 22.257 nematode individuals were examined, and 33 genera belonging to 19 families were identified. The Rhabditida order constituted 47.62% of the population, followed by the Tylenchida order with 23.18% and the Aphelenchida order with 22.44%. The most prevalent plant-parasitic nematodes were identified as Merlinius spp. Siddiqi, 1970 (Tylenchida: Dolichodoridae) (10.41%), Tylenchus spp. Bastian, 1865 (Tylenchida: Tylenchidae) (3.47%) and Helicotylenchus spp. Steiner, 1945 (Tylenchida: Hoplolaimidae) (1.77%). The dominance of the p-p 3 group indicates that this group has a common life strategy among herbivorous nematodes and poses a potential threat in agricultural ecosystems. The prevalence of the c-p 2 group among free-living nematodes highlights the critical role of this group in ecosystem processes, particularly in organic matter cycling and soil health.

Keywords

Bioindicators Nematode diversity Olive orchards Plant-parasitic nematodes Soil quality

References

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Türkiye, Çanakkale İli Zeytin Bahçelerindeki Bitki Paraziti Nematod Faunasının Belirlenmesi ve Toprak Kalitesinin Değerlendirilmesi

Year 2025, Volume: 28 Issue: 3, 830 - 842

Çağla Aktürk , Uğur Gözel

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1614984

Abstract

Eylül ayı 2023’te Çanakkale ilinin Merkez ilçesi ile Ayvacık, Bayramiç, Biga, Ezine ve Lapseki ilçelerindeki zeytin bahçelerinden toplam 185 toprak örneği toplanmıştır. Bu örnekler bölgede bulunan bitki-paraziti nematod topluluklarını tanımlamak, dağılım haritalarını belirlemek ve nematodların biyoindikatör olarak kullanımını göstererek toprak kalitesini değerlendirmek amacıyla incelenmiştir. Toplamda 22.257 nematod bireyi incelenmiş ve 19 familyaya ait 33 cins tanımlanmıştır. Popülasyonun %47.62'sini Rhabditida takımı oluştururken bunu %23.18 ile Tylenchida ve %22.44 ile Aphelenchida takip etmiştir. En yaygın bitki-paraziti nematodlar Merlinius spp. Siddiqi, 1970 (Tylenchida: Dolichodoridae) (%10.41), Tylenchus spp. Bastian, 1865 (Tylenchida: Tylenchidae) (%3.47) ve Helicotylenchus spp. Steiner, 1945 (Tylenchida: Hoplolaimidae) (%1.77) olarak tespit edilmiştir. Herbivor nematodlar arasında p-p 3 grubunun baskınlığı, bu grubun ortak bir yaşam stratejisine sahip olduğunu ve tarımsal ekosistemlerde potansiyel bir tehdit oluşturabileceğini göstermektedir. Serbest yaşayan nematodlar arasında c-p 2 grubunun yaygınlığı ise bu grubun ekosistem süreçlerinde, özellikle organik madde döngüsü ve toprak sağlığında oynadığı kritik rolü vurgulamaktadır.

Keywords

Biyoindikatörler Nematod çeşitliliği Zeytin bahçeleri Bitki paraziti nematodlar Toprak kalitesi

References

  • Ali, N., Chapuis, E., Tavoillot, J., & Mateille T. (2014). Plant-parasitic nematodes associated with olive tree (Olea europaea L.) with a focus on the Mediterranean Basin: a review. Comptes rendus biologies, 337(7-8), 423–442. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crvi.2014.05.006
  • Ali, N., Tavoillot, J., Besnard, G., Khadari, B., Dmowska, E., Winiszewska, G., Fossati-Gaschignard, O., Ater, M., Aït Hamza, M., El Mousadik, A., El Oualkadi, A., Moukhli, A., Essalouh, L., El Bakkali, A., Chapuis, E., & Mateille T. (2017). How anthropogenic changes may affect soil-borne parasite diversity? Plant-parasitic nematode communities associated with olive trees in Morocco as a case study. BMC ecology, 17(1), 4-11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12898-016-0113-9
  • Belahmar, M., Elkfel, F., Mihoub, M., Abdewahab, S., Mateille, M., & Sellami S. (2015). Plant-parasitic nematodes associated with olive in Algeria. Acta Phytopathologica et Entomologica Hungarica, 50(2), 187-193. https://doi.org/10.1556/038.50.2015.2.4
  • Bongers, T. & Ferris, H. (1999). Nematode community structure as a bioindicator in environmental monitoring. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 14(6): 224-228. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-5347(98)01583-3
  • Bongers, T. & Korthals, G. (1993). The maturity index, an instrument to monitor changes in the nematode community structure (Abstract paper). Summaries of the 45th International Symposium on Crop Protection, Ghent, Belgium 4 May 1993, pp.80.
  • Bongers, T. (1990). The maturity index: an ecological measure of environmental disturbance based on nematode species composition. Oecologia. 83(1), 14-19. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00324627
  • Bongers, T., van der Meulen, H., & Korthals G. (1997). Inverse relationship between the nematode maturity index and plant parasite index under enriched nutrient conditions. Applied Soil Ecology, 6(2), 195-199. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0929-1393(96)00136-9
  • Castillo, P., Vovlas, N., Nico, AI., & Jiménez-Díaz, RM. (1999). Infection of olive trees by Heterodera mediterranea in orchards in Southern Spain. Plant disease, 83(8), 710–713. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS.1999.83.8.710
  • Chariou, P. L. & Steinmetz, N. F. (2017). Delivery of pesticides to plant-parasitic nematodes using tobacco mild green mosaic virus as a nanocarrier. ACS nano, 11(5), 4719–4730. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.7b00823
  • Çakmak, T. (2024). Comparative analysis of soil nematode biodiversity from five different fruit orchards in Osmaneli district, Bilecik, Türkiye. Journal of Nematology, 56(1), e2024-1 https://doi.org/10.2478/jofnem-2024-0001
  • Çetintaş, R., Soydan, R., Gürkan, T., Akbay, N. G. (2018). Meloidogyne javanica ve Meloidoyne incognita Kök-ur Nematodlarının Bazı Yağlık Zeytin ve Badem Çeşitlerindeki Saldırganlıklarının Belirlenmesi. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi, 21(4), 472-481. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksudobil.363304
  • de Goede, RD., Bongers, T., & Ettema, CH. (1993). Graphical presentation and interpretation of nematode community structure: cp triangles (Abstract paper). Summaries of the 45th International Symposium on Crop Protection, Ghent, Belgium 4 May 1993, pp.80.
  • Du Preez, G., Daneel, M., De Goede, R., Du Toit, M. J., Ferris, H., Fourie, H., & Schmidt, J. H. (2022). Nematode-based indices in soil ecology: application, utility, and future directions. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 169(1), 108640. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2022.108640
  • FAOSTAT, (2024). Crops and livestock products. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL (Date accessed: 07.09.2024)
  • Ferris, H. & Bongers, T. (2009). Indices developed specifically for analysis of nematode assemblages. In M.J. Wilson & T. Kakouli-Duarte (Eds.), Nematodes as environmental indicators (pp.124-145). CABI, UK. https://doi.org/10.1079/9781845933852.0124
  • Ferris, H. (2010). Form and function: metabolic footprints of nematodes in the soil food web. European Journal of Soil Biology, 46(2), 97-104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2010.01.003
  • Ferris, H., Bongers, T., & de Goede, R. G. M. (2001). A framework for soil food web diagnostics: extension of the nematode faunal analysis concept. Applied Soil Ecology, 18(1), 13-29. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0929-1393(01)00152-4
  • Göze Özdemir, FG. (2022). Bazı bitki besin elementlerinin bitki paraziti nematodlar üzerine etkisi. Bartın University International Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences, 5(2), 114-121. https://doi.org/10.55930/jonas.1185112
  • Guesmi-Mzoughi, I., Tabib, M., Sellami, F., Hadj-Naser, F., Regaieg, H., Kallel S., & Horrigue-Raouani, N. (2022). Diversity of plant-parasitic nematode communities infesting olive orchards in Tunisia in relation to agronomic factors. European Journal of Plant Pathology, 164(4), 479-494. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-022-02572-0
  • Hamza, M. A., Moukhli, A., Ferji, Z., Fossati-Gaschignard, O., Tavoillot, J., Ali, N., Boubaker, H., El Mousadik, A., & Mateille, T. (2018). Diversity of plant-parasitic nematode communities associated with olive nurseries in Morocco: Origin and environmental impacts. Applied Soil Ecology, 124(5), 7-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2017.10.019
  • Hamza, M.A., Ferji, Z., Ali, N., Tavoillot, J., Chapuis, E., Oualkadi, A.E., Moukhli, A., Khadari, B., Boubaker, H., Lakhtar, H., Roussos, S., Mateille, T., & Mousadik, A.E. (2015). Plant-parasitic nematodes associated with olive tree in Southern Morocco. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 17(4), 719-726. http://dx.doi.org/10.17957/IJAB/14.0004
  • Hooper, D. J. (1986). Extraction of Free-Living Stages from Soil. In J. F. Southey (Eds.), Laboratory Methods for Work with Plant and Soil Nematodes (pp. 5-30). Her Majesty’s Stationery Office, London, UK.
  • Kepenekçi, İ. & Ökten, E. (1999). Türkiye nematod faunası için Tylenchidae (Tylenchida: Nematoda) familyasına bağlı yeni türler ve Malenchus bryophilus (Steiner, 1924) Andrassy, 1980’un taksonomik özellikleri. Plant Protection Bulletin, 39(3), 91-101. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/bitkorb/issue/3664/48711
  • Kocadağlı, A. (2011). Türkiye’de zeytincilik faaliyetlerinde Edremit körfezi kıyılarının önemi. Coğrafya Dergisi, 19(1), 28-58. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/iucografya/issue/25047/264425
  • Kornobis, F. (2023). New data on three plant-parasitic nematode species of the genus Longidorus (Nematoda: Longidoridae) from Poland. Journal of Plant Protection Research, 61(3), 273-279. https://doi.org/10.24425/jppr.2021.137947
  • Landi, S., d’Errico, G., Papini, R., Cutino, I., Simoncini, S., Rocchini, A., Brandi, G., Rizzo, R., Gugliuzza, G., Germinara, G. S., Nucifora, S., Mazzeo, G., & Roversi, P. F. (2022). Impact of super-high density olive orchard management system on soil free-living and plant-parasitic nematodes in Central and South Italy. Animals, 12(12), 1551. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12121551
  • Liphschitz, N., Gophna, R., Hartman, M., & Bigger, G. (1991). The beginning of olive (Olea europaea) cultivation in the old world: A reassessment. Journal of Archaeological Science, 18(4), 441–453. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0305-4403(91)90037-P
  • Mai, W. F., Mullin, P. G., Lyon, H. H., & Loeffler, K. (1996). Plant-parasitic nematodes: a pictorial key to genera (5th Ed.). Cornell University Press, New York, 277 pp.
  • Maina, S., Karuri, H., & Ng'endo, R. N. (2020). Nematode metabolic footprints, ecological and functional indices in tropical maize-beans agro-ecosystems under different farming practices. Acta oecologica, 108, 103622. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actao.2020.103622
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There are 43 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Nematology
Journal Section RESEARCH ARTICLE
Authors

Çağla Aktürk 0009-0006-6431-4449

Uğur Gözel 0000-0003-1363-1189

Early Pub Date May 1, 2025
Publication Date
Submission Date January 7, 2025
Acceptance Date March 27, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025Volume: 28 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Aktürk, Ç., & Gözel, U. (2025). Determination of Plant Parasitic Nematode Fauna and Evaluation of Soil Quality in Olive Orchards of Çanakkale Province, Türkiye. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım Ve Doğa Dergisi, 28(3), 830-842. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1614984
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