Evaluation of the Histopathological Changes Accompanied for the Toxic Effects of Diazinon on the Spleen of Mice

Esra Akat; Ozlem Cakici

doi:10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1096018

EN TR

Evaluation of the Histopathological Changes Accompanied for the Toxic Effects of Diazinon on the Spleen of Mice

Abstract

This study was carried out to determine the histopathological changes caused by diazinon in the spleen of Swiss albino mice. Experimental groups containing low dose (30 mg/kg), medium dose (60 mg/kg) and high dose (120 mg/kg) were exposed to diazinon through oral administration for 30 consecutive days. Separation and hemorrhage in the capsule, congestion, enlarged white pulp, amyloid formation, and karyolysis in some megakaryocytes were determined in the splenic parenchyma of the low dose group. An increase in the number of enlarged white pulps, hemorrhage within splenic parenchyma, accumulation of cells into dilated sinusoids and amyloid formation were examined in the medium dose group. Some cells passing from the splenic parenchyma into dilated sinusoids were also observed. Intensive congestion, necrotic areas within spleen tissue, an increase in the number of karyolytic megakaryocytes, fibrosis and some cells passing from the splenic parenchyma into enlarged sinusoids were prominent histological lesions in the high dose group. These results showed that diazinon caused severe dose-related histopathological damages and had the capacity to disrupt functions of the spleen.

Keywords

Diazinonun Farelerin Dalağı Üzerindeki Toksik Etkilerine Eşlik Eden Histopatolojik Değişikliklerin Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Bu çalışma, diazinonun İsviçre albino farelerinin dalağında oluşturduğu histopatolojik değişiklikleri belirlemek amacıyla yapıldı. Düşük doz (30 mg/kg), orta doz (60 mg/kg) ve yüksek doz (120 mg/kg) içeren deney grupları, ardışık 30 gün boyunca oral yoldan diazinona maruz bırakıldı. Düşük doz grubunun dalak parankiminde kapsülde ayrılma ve kanama, tıkanıklık, beyaz pulpa büyümesi, amiloid oluşumu ve bazı megakaryositlerde karyoliz tespit edildi. Orta doz grubunda genişlemiş beyaz pulpa sayısında artış, dalak parankiminde kanama, hücrelerin genişlemiş sinüzoidlerde birikmesi ve amiloid oluşumu incelendi. Dalak parankiminden dilate sinüzoidlere geçen bazı hücreler de gözlendi. Yoğun konjesyon, dalak dokusunda nekrotik alanlar, karyolitik megakaryosit sayısında artış, fibrozis ve dalak parankiminden büyümüş sinüzoidlere geçen bazı hücreler yüksek doz grubundaki belirgin histolojik lezyonlardı. Bu sonuçlar diazinonun doza bağlı ciddi histopatolojik hasarlara neden olduğunu ve dalağın fonksiyonlarını bozma kapasitesine sahip olduğunu gösterdi.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kaynakça

Aggarwal, V., Deng, X., Tuli, A., & Goh, K.S. (2013). Diazinon-chemistry and environmental fate: a California perspective. Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 223, 107-140. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5577-6_5
Ahmed, W.M., Moselhy, W.A., & Nabil, T.M. (2015). Bisphenol A toxicity in adult male rats: hematological, biochemical and histopathological approach. Global Veterinaria 14(2), 228-238.
Burgess, P., Harper, C., Todd, G.D., & Wohlers, D. (2008). Toxicological profile for diazinon. https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofles/tp86.pdf. (Alınma Tarihi: 20.02.2021)
Carvalho, F.P. (2006). Agriculture, pesticides, food security and food safety. Environmental Science & Policy 9(7-8), 685-692. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.envsci.2006.08.002
Čolović, M., Krstić, D., Petrović, S., Leskovac, A., Joksic, G., Savic, J., Franko, M., Trebse, P., & Vasic, V. (2010). Toxic effects of diazinon and its photodegradation products. Toxicology Letters 193(1), 9-18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet. 2009.11.022
Çakıcı, Ö. & Akat, E. (2013). Effects of oral exposure to diazinon on mice liver and kidney tissues: biometric analyses of histopathologic changes. Analytical and Quantitative Cytology and Histology 35(1), 7-16.
Çakıcı, Ö. (2018). Histopathological analysis of carbaryl-induced toxicity in the spleen of Levantine frog, Pelophylax bedriagae (Anura: Ranidae). Environmental Science and Pollution Research 25(25), 24917-24922. https://doi.org/ 10.1007/s11356-018-2538-5
Danaei, G.H., Memar, B., Ataee, R., & Karami, M. (2019). Protective effect of thymoquinone, the main component of Nigella sativa, against diazinon cardio-toxicity in rats. Drug and Chemical Toxicology 42(6), 585-591. https://doi.org/10.1080/ 01480545.2018.1454459

Dkhil, M.A. (2009). Apoptotic changes induced in mice splenic tissue due to malaria infection. Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection 42, 13-18.
Egeghy, P.P., Cohen Hubal, E.A., Tulve, N.S., Melnyk, L.J., Morgan, M.K., Fortmann, R.C., & Sheldon, L.S. (2011). Review of pesticide urinary biomarker measurements from selected US EPA children’s observational exposure studies. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 8, 1727-1754. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph8051727
El-Bendary, H.M., Shaker, M.H., Saleh, A.A., Negm, S., Khadey, M.E., & Eldeen, F.A. (2014). Histopathological changes associated with exposure of male mice to profenofos and chlorpyrifos. Annual Research & Review in Biology 4(5), 766-777. https://doi.org/10.9734/ARRB/ 2014/ 4924
Elmore, S.A. (2006). Enhanced histopathology of the spleen. Toxicologic Pathology 34(5), 648-655. https://doi.org/10.1080/01926230600865523
Guyton, K.Z., Loomis, D., Grosse, Y., El-Ghiassi, F., Benbrahim-Tallaa, L., Guha, N., Scoccianti, C., Mattock, H., & Straif, K. (2015). Carcinogenicity of tetrachlorvinphos, parathion, malathion, diazinon, and glyphosate. The Lancet Oncology 114(2), 70134-70138. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(15)70134-8
Grover, P., Danadevi, K., Mahboob, M., Rozati, R., Banu, B.S., & Rahman, M.F. (2003). Evaluation of genetic damage in workers employed in pesticide production utilizing the Comet assay. Mutagenesis 18, 201-205. https://doi.org/10.1093/mutage/ 18.2.201
Handy, R.D., Abd-El Samei, H.A., & Bayomy, M.F.F. (2002). Chronic diazinon exposure: pathologies of spleen, thymus, blood cells, and lymph nodesare modulated by dietary protein or lipid in the mouse. Toxicology 172, 13-34. https://doi.org/10.1016/ S0300-483X(01)00575-3
Hernández-Moreno, D., Míguez, M.P., Soler, F., & Perez-Lopez, M. (2018). Influence of sex on biomarkers of oxidative stress in the kidney, lungs, and liver of rabbits after exposure to diazinon. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 25(32), 32458-32465. https://doi.org/10.1007/ s11356-018-3258-6
Hooper, M.J., Mineau, P., Zaccagnini, M. E., & Woodbridge, B. (2002). Pesticides and international migratory bird conservation. In Handbook of ecotoxicology. CRC Press (pp. 761-778).
Jafari, F., Samadi, S., Nowroozi, A., Sadrjavadi, K., Moradi, S., Ashrafi-Khooshk, M.R., & Shahlaei, M. (2018). Experimental and computational studies on the binding of diazinon to human serum albumin. Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics 36(6), 1490-1510. https://doi.org/ 10.1080/07391102.2017.1329096
Kouloumbos, V.N., Tsipi, D.F., Hiskia, A.E., Nikolic, D., & van Breemen, R.B. (2003). Identification of photocatalytic degradation products of diazinon in TiO2 aqueous suspensions using GC/MS/MS and LC/MS with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry 14(8), 803-817. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/S1044-0305(03)00333-7
Krieger, R. (2010). Hayes' handbook of pesticide toxicology. Academic press 1435-1478.
Lovat, F., Fassan, M., Gasparini, P, Rizzotto, L., Cascione, L., Pizzi, M., Vicentini, C., Balatti, V., Palmieri, D., Costinean, S., Croce, C.M. (2015). miR-15b/16-2 deletion promotes B-cell malignancies. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112(37), 11636-11641. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1514954112
Marete, G.M., Shikuku, V.O., Lalah, J.O., Mputhia, J., & Wekesa, V.W. (2020). Occurrence of pesticides residues in French beans, tomatoes, and kale in Kenya, and their human health risk indicators. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 192(11), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1007/ s10661-020-08662-y
Mebius, R.E. & Kraal, G. (2005). Structure and function of the spleen. Nature Reviews Immunology 5(8), 606-616. https://doi.org/10.1038/ nri1669
Mescher, A.L. (2016). Junqueira's basic histology: text and atlas. United States: Mcgrawhill 560 p. Mohany, M., Badr, G., Refaat, I., & El-Feki, M. (2011). Immunological and histological effects of exposure to imidacloprid insecticide in male albino rats. African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 5(18), 2106-2114. https://doi.org/ 10.5897/AJPP11.625
Monteiro, M., Quintaneiro, C., Pastorinho, M., Pereira, M.L., Morgado, F., Guilhermino, L., & Soares, A.M.V.M. (2006). Acute effects of 3, 4- dichloroaniline on biomarkers and spleen histology of the common goby Pomatoschistus microps. Chemosphere 62(8), 1333-1339. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.07.038
Neishabouri, Z.E., Hassan, Z.M., Azizi, E., & Ostad, S.N. (2007). Evaluation of immunotoxicity induced by diazinon in C57bl/6 mice. Toxicology 196, 173-179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tox.2003.08.012
Öğütçü, A., Uzunhisarcikli, M., Kalender, S., & Durak, D. (2006). The effects of organophosphate insecticide diazinon on malondialdehyde levels and myocardial cells in rat heart tissue and protective role of vitamin E. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology 86, 93-98. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.pestbp.2006.01.010
Queyrel, W., Habets, F., Blanchoud, H., Ripoche, D., & Launay, M. (2016). Pesticide fate modeling in soils with the crop model STICS: Feasibility for assessment of agricultural practices. Science of The Total Environment 542, 787-802. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.10.066
Palis, J. & Yoder, M.C. (2001). Yolk-sac hematopoiesis: the first blood cells of mouse and man. Experimental Hematology 29(8), 927-936. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0301-472X(01)00669-5
Podder, S., Chattopadhyay, A., Bhattacharya, S., & Ranjan, M. (2010). Histopathology and cell cycle alteration in the spleen of mice from low and high doses of sodium fluoride. Fluoride 43(4), 237-245.
Pundir, C.S. & Malik, A. (2019). Bio-sensing of organophosphorus pesticides: A review. Biosensors and Bioelectronics 140, 111348. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.bios.2019.111348
Razavi, B.M., Hosseinzadeh, H., Movassaghi, A.R., Imenshadidi, M., & Abnous, K. (2013). Protective effect of crocin on diazinon induced cardiotoxicity in rats in subchronic exposure. Chemico-Biological Interactions 203(3), 547-555. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbi.2013.03.010
Sams, C., Cocker, J., & Lennard, M.S. (2004). Biotransformation of chlorpyrifos and diazinon by human liver microsomes and recombinant human cytochrome P450s (CYP). Xenobiotica, 34(10), 861-873. https://doi.org/10.1080/00498250400017273
Sieff, C.A. & Williams, D.A. (1995). Hematopoiesis. In: Handin RI, Stossel TP, Lux SE, editors. Blood:principles and practice of haematology. Philadelphia: JB Lippincott Company, 171-224.
Tavassoli, M. (1991). Embryonic and fetal hemopoiesis: an overview. Blood Cells 17(2), 269-281.
Timbrell, J. (2001). Introduction to toxicology. CRC Press, 115 p.
Oprea, A.E., Pandel, L.M., Dumitrescu, A.M., Andronescu, E., Grumezescu, V., Chifiriuc, M.C., Mogoantă, L., Bălşeanu, T.A., Mogoşanu, G.D., Socol, G., Grumezescu, A.M., Iordache, F., Maniu, H., Chirea, M., & Holban, A.M. (2016). Bioactive ZnO coatings deposited by maple—An appropriate strategy to produce efficient anti-biofilm surfaces. Molecules 21(2), 220. https://doi.org/10.3390/ molecules21020220
Zhang,Y., Zhang, W., Liao, X., Zhang, J., Hou, Y., Xiaou, Z., Chen, F., & Hu, X. (2010). Degradation of diazinon in apple juice by ultrasonic treatment. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry 17(4), 662-668. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2009.11.007
Zeinali, M., Shafaei, A., Rafatpanah, H., Mosavat, A., Tayebi-Meybodi, N., Hossainzadeh, H., & Rezaee, S.A. (2022). Potential protective efects of chrysin against immunotoxicity induced by diazinon. Scientific Reports 12, 15578. https://doi.org/10. 1038/ s41598-022-20010-3
Zon, L.I. (1995). Developmental biology of hematopoiesis. Blood 86(8), 2876-2891. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.V86.8.2876.2876

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Yapısal Biyoloji

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yazarlar

Esra Akat
0000-0001-7080-3106
Türkiye

Ozlem Cakici ^*
0000-0003-3589-1440
Türkiye

Erken Görünüm Tarihi

27 Mayıs 2023

Yayımlanma Tarihi

31 Ekim 2023

Gönderilme Tarihi

30 Mart 2022

Kabul Tarihi

14 Mart 2023

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2023 Cilt: 26 Sayı: 5

DOI

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1096018

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA23KE57XZ

Kaynak Göster

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Akat, E., & Cakici, O. (2023). Evaluation of the Histopathological Changes Accompanied for the Toxic Effects of Diazinon on the Spleen of Mice. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi, 26(5), 1099-1107. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1096018

Cited By

Harmony in nature's elixir: a comprehensive exploration of ethanol and nano-formulated extracts from Passiflora incarnata leaves: unveiling in vitro cytotoxicity, acute and sub-acute toxicity profiles in Swiss albino mice

Journal of Molecular Histology

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10735-024-10245-x

Evaluation of the Histopathological Changes Accompanied for the Toxic Effects of Diazinon on the Spleen of Mice

Abstract

Keywords

Diazinonun Farelerin Dalağı Üzerindeki Toksik Etkilerine Eşlik Eden Histopatolojik Değişikliklerin Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kaynakça

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

Konular

Bölüm

Yazarlar

Erken Görünüm Tarihi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

Gönderilme Tarihi

Kabul Tarihi

Yayımlandığı Sayı

DOI

IZ

Kaynak Göster

Cited By

Harmony in nature's elixir: a comprehensive exploration of ethanol and nano-formulated extracts from Passiflora incarnata leaves: unveiling in vitro cytotoxicity, acute and sub-acute toxicity profiles in Swiss albino mice

e-ISSN: 2619-9149