Rezene ve Defne Uçucu Yağ Karışımlarının Kimyasal Bileşenlerinin ve Pestalotiopsis funerea’ya Karşı Antifungal Etkinliklerinin Belirlenmesi

Merve Kara; Musa Türkmen; Soner Soylu

doi:10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.904966

TR EN

Rezene ve Defne Uçucu Yağ Karışımlarının Kimyasal Bileşenlerinin ve Pestalotiopsis funerea’ya Karşı Antifungal Etkinliklerinin Belirlenmesi

Öz

Fungal hastalık etmeni Pestalotiopsis funerea, kozalaklı çam ağaçlarında sürgün uç yanıklığı olarak bilinen hastalığa neden olur. Bu çalışmada, farklı oranlarda harmanlanmış rezene (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) ve defne (Laurus nobilis L.) uçucu yağ karışımlarının kimyasal bileşimleri ve P. funerea’ya karşı antifungal etkileri in vitro koşullarda araştırılmıştır. Uçucu yağların kimyasal bileşimleri, GC-MS analizi kullanarak belirlenmiştir. Uçucu yağların buhar fazındaki farklı konsantrasyonların misel gelişimi ve konidi çimlenmesinin engellemesi üzerine antifungal etkileri in vitro koşullarda belirlenmiştir. Uçucu yağ karışımlarının en etkili olduğu konsantrasyonlarda fungus hifi ve konidi morfolojisinde neden olduğu etkileri ışık mikroskobu altında incelenmiştir. GC-MS ile yapılan kimyasal analizler sonucunda eucalyptol (%52.88) ve trans-anethole (%81.55)’ün defne ve rezene uçucu yağlarının ana bileşenleri olduğu belirlenmiştir. Tek başlarına kullanıldığında rezene ve defne uçucu yağları P. funerea’nın misel gelişimini 20.0 ve 25.0 µl petri-1 konsantrasyonlarında tamamen engellemiştir. Rezene/defne uçucu yağlarının harmanlanması ile misel gelişimi ve konidi çimlenmesinin engellenmesinde sinerjik antifungal etki görülmüştür. Rezene:defne uçucu yağların 3:1 oranında harmanlanması antifungal etkinliği önemli düzeyde artırmış olup, nispeten düşük konsantrasyonda (10 µl petri-1) daha yüksek düzeyde antifungal etkinlik göstermiştir. Işık mikroskobu ile yapılan gözlemlerde uçucu yağ harmanlarının en etkili konsantrasyonuna maruz kalan hifler ve konidilerde, sitoplazmik pıhtılaşma, vakuolleşme ve protoplazmik içeriğin hücre dışına akıntısı şeklinde gerçekleşen önemli yapısal deformasyonları gözlenmiştir. Sonuçlar, sinerjik antifungal etki gösteren rezene ve defne uçucu yağ karışımının bitki fungal hastalık etmenlerle mücadelede etkili bir biyofungisit olarak kullanılabileceğini göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Determination of Chemical Composition and Antifungal Activities of Fennel and Laurel Essential Oil Mixtures Against Pestalotiopsis funereal

Abstract

Fungal disease agent Pestalotiopsis funerea causes conifer seedlings shoot or tip blight disease. In this study, chemical compositions and antifungal activities of different blended essential oils obtained from fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) and laurel (Laurus nobilis L.) were investigated against P. funerea in vitro conditions. Chemical compositions of essential oils were determined using GC-MS analysis. Antifungal volatile phase effects of different concentrations of essential oils mixtures were determined on inhibition of mycelial growth and conidial germination in vitro conditions. The effect of most effective concentrations of essential oil mixtures on the morphology of fungal hypha and conidia were also investigated using light microscope. GC-MS analysis of essential oils revealed that eucalyptol (52.88%) and trans-anethole (81.55%) were the major components of laurel and fennel essential oils. Individual use of fennel and laurel essential oils were found to completely inhibit mycelial growth at 20.0 and 25.0 µl petri-1 concentrations, respectively. Dual blending fennel/laurel essential oil mixtures showed synergistic antifungal activity on inhibition of mycelial growth and conidial germination. By blending fennel and laurel essential oils at proportion of 3:1, antifungal activities were significantly increased that complete mycelial growth and conidial inhibition were recorded at relatively lower concentration (10 µl petri-1). Microscopic observations on hyphae, exposed to volatile phase of the most efficient concentrations of essential oil mixtures, revealed considerable structural deformations such as cytoplasmic coagulation, vacuolization and protoplast leakage from fungal hyphae and conidia. The results showed that blending of fennel and laurel essential oils, which have synergistic antifungal effects, might be used as an effective bio fungicide in management of fungal plant disease agents.

Keywords

Kaynakça

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Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

Türkçe

Konular

Ziraat, Veterinerlik ve Gıda Bilimleri

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yazarlar

Merve Kara
0000-0001-7320-3376
Türkiye

Musa Türkmen
0000-0001-9914-9523
Türkiye

Soner Soylu ^*
0000-0003-1002-8958
Türkiye

Yayımlanma Tarihi

28 Şubat 2022

Gönderilme Tarihi

29 Mart 2021

Kabul Tarihi

6 Mayıs 2021

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2022 Cilt: 25 Sayı: 1

DOI

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.904966

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA38UE87EZ

Kaynak Göster

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Kara, M., Türkmen, M., & Soylu, S. (2022). Rezene ve Defne Uçucu Yağ Karışımlarının Kimyasal Bileşenlerinin ve Pestalotiopsis funerea’ya Karşı Antifungal Etkinliklerinin Belirlenmesi. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi, 25(1), 113-126. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.904966