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Çapakçur Havzasında (Bingöl Türkiye) Toprak Kayıplarının RUSLE Metodu ile Tahmini ve Sediment Verimi ile Karşılaştırılması

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 25 Sayı: Ek Sayı 2, 523 - 537, 30.12.2022

Yasin Demir , Alperen Meral , Azize Doğan Demir

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1059631
Cited By: 3

Öz

Bu çalışmada yüksek erozyon riski bulunan Çapakçur havzasında toplam ve net erozyonun belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu doğrultuda Çapakçur havzasında yıllık toprak kaybı, RUSLE modeli kullanılarak tahmin edilmiştir. Net erozyon ise Çapakçur çayının 2019 yılı boyunca aylık debi ve sediment konsantrasyonlarının belirlenmesi ile doğrudan ölçülmüştür. Çapakçur havzasında meydana gelen toprak kaybı 96916.20 ton yıl-1 olarak tahmin edilmiş ve Çapakçur çayından taşınan toprak miktarı ise 68656.09 ton yıl-1 olarak gerçekleşmiştir. Havzada, sediment iletim oranı (SDR) 0.78 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Bu oran Türkiye ortalamasının (0.23) oldukça üstündedir. Havzadaki eğim uzunluğu ve derecesinin yüksek, yağış ve vejetasyon kapalılık oranının düşük olması SDR’nin yüksek olmasının ana nedenidir. Yüksek SDR nedeniyle havzanın verimli olan üst toprak katmanı Murat Nehrine taşınmaktadır. Bu durum hem toprakların verimsizleşmesine hem de kısıtlı olan tatlı su kaynaklarının kirlenmesine neden olmaktadır. Havzada bitki örtüsü ve amenajman, uygulamalarının iyileştirilmesi için ağaçlandırma ve teras, tel kafes ve oyuntularda taş duvar gibi toprak koruma uygulamalarının arttırılması gerekmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Havza yönetimi RUSLE Toprak erozyonu Sediment taşıma oranı Toprak ve Su Koruma

Destekleyen Kurum

Bingöl Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinatörlüğü

Proje Numarası

Pikom.Bitki.2018.001

Kaynakça

  • Alencar PHL, Paton EN, de Araujo JC 2021. Entropy-Based Temporal Downscaling of Precipitation as Tool for Sediment Delivery Ratio Assessment. Entrophy, 2021(23): 1615-1633. doi.org/10.3390/ e23121615.
  • Ali KF, De Boer DH 2010. Spatially distributed Erosion and Sediment Yield Modeling in the Upper Indus River Basin. Water Resources Research, 46: 1-16.
  • Alkharabsheh MM, Alexandridis TK, Bilas G, Misopolinos, N, Silleos N 2013. Impact of Land Cover Change on Soil Erosion Hazard in Northern Jordan Using Remote Sensing and GIS. Procedia Environmental Sciences 19: 912-921. doi.org/10.1016/j.proenv.2013.06.101
  • Amezketa E 1999. Soil Aggregate Stability: A Review. Journal of Sustainable Agriculture, 14(2-3): 83-151. doi.org/10.1300/J064v14n02_08
  • Angima SD, Stott DE, O’Neill MK, Ong CK, Weesies GA 2003. Soil Erosion Predicting Using RUSLE for Central Kenyan Higkland Conditions. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment. 97: 295-308.
  • Anonymous 2015. Çapakçur Microcatchment Rehabilitation Plan.
  • Baartman JE, Temme AJ, Veldkamp T, Jetten VG, Schoorl JM 2013. Exploring the Role of Rainfall Variability and Extreme Events in Long-Term Landscape Development. Catena 109: 25-38. doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2013.05.003.
  • Berta A, Elias E, Soromessa T, Legese G 2020. Land use/Land Cover Change Effect on Soil Erosion and Sediment Delivery in the Winike Watershed, Omo Gibe Basin, Ethiopia. Sci Total Environment, 728:138776. doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138776.
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  • Boyce R 1972. Sediment Routing With Sediment-Delivery Ratios. In Present and Prospective Technology For Predicting Sediment Yields and Sources Proceedings of The Sediment Yield Workshop USDA Sedimentation Laboratory Oxford Mississippi 61-65.
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  • ÇEM 2015. Murat River Rehabilitation Project Çapakçur Microcatchment Plan General Directorate of Combating Desertification and Erosion. Ministry press 66-248.
  • De Vente J, Poesen J 2005. Predicting Soil Erosion and Sediment Yield at the Basin Scale: Scale İssues and Semi-Quantitative Models. Earth-Science Reviews 71(1-2): 95-125. doi.org/10.1016/ j.earscirev.2005.02.002
  • Demir Y, Ersoy Mirici M 2020. Effect of Land Use and Topographic Factors on Soil Organic Carbon Content and Mapping of Organic Carbon Distribution Using Regression Kriging Method. Carpathian Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences 15(2): 311-322. doi.org/10.26471/ cjees/2020/015/131
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Estimation of Soil Losses in Çapakcur Watershed (Bingol, Turkey) Using RUSLE Method and Comparison of Predicted Soil Losses with Sediment Yield

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 25 Sayı: Ek Sayı 2, 523 - 537, 30.12.2022

Yasin Demir , Alperen Meral , Azize Doğan Demir

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1059631
Cited By: 3

Öz

The present study aimed to determine the total and net erosion in the Capakcur watershed, which has a high erosion risk. Accordingly, annual soil loss in the Capakcur watershed was estimated using RUSLE method. Net erosion was determined directly by measuring the monthly flow rate and sediment concentrations of the Capakcur stream, which originated from the Capakcur watershed and flowed into the Murat River throughout 2019. Estimated soil loss in the Capakcur watershed was 96916.20 ton yr-1, and the amount of soil transported from the Capakcur stream was 68656.09 ton yr-1. Sediment delivery ratio (SDR) was calculated as 0.78. This ratio was well above the average SDR of Turkey (0.23). Topographic factors such as slope length and degree, rainfall, and low vegetation cover ratio in the watershed are the main causes of the high SDR. Due to the high SDR, the fertile surface soil layers of lands in the basin are carried to the streams. This causes both decrease in fertility in soils and pollution of the limited freshwater resources. In order to improve vegetation and management practices in the watershed, soil protection practices such as afforestation and terraces, wire cages and stone walls in gullies should be increased.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Watershed management RUSLE Soil erosion Sediment delivery ratio Water and soil conservation

Proje Numarası

Pikom.Bitki.2018.001

Kaynakça

  • Alencar PHL, Paton EN, de Araujo JC 2021. Entropy-Based Temporal Downscaling of Precipitation as Tool for Sediment Delivery Ratio Assessment. Entrophy, 2021(23): 1615-1633. doi.org/10.3390/ e23121615.
  • Ali KF, De Boer DH 2010. Spatially distributed Erosion and Sediment Yield Modeling in the Upper Indus River Basin. Water Resources Research, 46: 1-16.
  • Alkharabsheh MM, Alexandridis TK, Bilas G, Misopolinos, N, Silleos N 2013. Impact of Land Cover Change on Soil Erosion Hazard in Northern Jordan Using Remote Sensing and GIS. Procedia Environmental Sciences 19: 912-921. doi.org/10.1016/j.proenv.2013.06.101
  • Amezketa E 1999. Soil Aggregate Stability: A Review. Journal of Sustainable Agriculture, 14(2-3): 83-151. doi.org/10.1300/J064v14n02_08
  • Angima SD, Stott DE, O’Neill MK, Ong CK, Weesies GA 2003. Soil Erosion Predicting Using RUSLE for Central Kenyan Higkland Conditions. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment. 97: 295-308.
  • Anonymous 2015. Çapakçur Microcatchment Rehabilitation Plan.
  • Baartman JE, Temme AJ, Veldkamp T, Jetten VG, Schoorl JM 2013. Exploring the Role of Rainfall Variability and Extreme Events in Long-Term Landscape Development. Catena 109: 25-38. doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2013.05.003.
  • Berta A, Elias E, Soromessa T, Legese G 2020. Land use/Land Cover Change Effect on Soil Erosion and Sediment Delivery in the Winike Watershed, Omo Gibe Basin, Ethiopia. Sci Total Environment, 728:138776. doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138776.
  • Boardman J 2006. Soil Erosion Science: Reflections On The Limitations of Current Approaches. Catena 68(2-3): 73-86. doi.org/10.1016/ j.catena.2006.03.007
  • Boyce R 1972. Sediment Routing With Sediment-Delivery Ratios. In Present and Prospective Technology For Predicting Sediment Yields and Sources Proceedings of The Sediment Yield Workshop USDA Sedimentation Laboratory Oxford Mississippi 61-65.
  • Carter MR, Gregorich EG, 2007. Soil Sampling and Methods of Analysis. CRC press.
  • ÇEM 2015. Murat River Rehabilitation Project Çapakçur Microcatchment Plan General Directorate of Combating Desertification and Erosion. Ministry press 66-248.
  • De Vente J, Poesen J 2005. Predicting Soil Erosion and Sediment Yield at the Basin Scale: Scale İssues and Semi-Quantitative Models. Earth-Science Reviews 71(1-2): 95-125. doi.org/10.1016/ j.earscirev.2005.02.002
  • Demir Y, Ersoy Mirici M 2020. Effect of Land Use and Topographic Factors on Soil Organic Carbon Content and Mapping of Organic Carbon Distribution Using Regression Kriging Method. Carpathian Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences 15(2): 311-322. doi.org/10.26471/ cjees/2020/015/131
  • Dexter AR 1988. Advances İn Characterization of Soil Structure. Soil and Tillage Research 11(3-4): 199-238. doi.org/10.1016/0167-1987(88)90002-5
  • Diodato N, Borrelli P, Fiener P, Bellocchi G, Romano N 2017. Discovering Historical Rainfall Erosivity With A Parsimonious Approach: A Case Study İn Western Germany. J. Hydrology 544: 1–9. doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.11.023
  • Doğan DA, Demir Y 2016. Temporal Changes and Evaluation of Quantity Suspense Sediment Transport at Murat River in Palu Precipitation Basin. Iğdır University Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology, 6(2): 61-68.
  • Dong YF, Wu YQ, Zhang TY, Yang W, Liu BY 2013. The sediment delivery ratio in a small catchment in the black soil region of northeast China. International Journal of Sediment Research. 2013: 111-117. doi.org/10.1016/S1001-6279(13)60023-2.
  • Dutta S 2016. Soil erosion, sediment yield and sedimentation of reservoir: a review. Modeling Earth System and Environment. 123(2016): 1-18. doi.org/10.1007/s40808-016-0182-y.
  • Edwards K 1987. Runoff and Soil Loss Studies İn New South Wales. A National Soil Conservation Program Project. 268-274.
  • Erpul G, Şahin S, İnce K, Küçümen A, Akdağ MA, Demirtaş İ, Çetin E 2018. Turkey Water Erosion Atlas. Publications of the General Directorate of Combating Desertification and Erosion. 1-132.
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  • Meral A, Yüksel A, Demir Y, Basaran N, Doğan TG, Kaya S, Eroğlu E 2019. Soil stabilization and landscape rehabilitation studies in erosion areas: Capakcur microcatchment example. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin 7: 5518-5529.
  • Meral A. 2021. Peyzaj Karakterleri Çalışmalarının Entegre Havza Yönetim Modellerinde değerlendirilmesi; Bingöl Çapakçur, Yeşilköy, Yamaç Mikrohavzaları Örneği. Doktora Tezi, Düzce Üniversitesi, Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü.
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  • Mermer H 1996. Araştırma Havzaları Kılavuzu Elektrik İşleri Etüt İdaresi Yayınları, Yayın: 96- 2. (In Turkish)
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  • Moore ID, Burch GJ 1986. Modelling Erosion and Deposition: Topographic Effects. Transactions of the ASAE 29(6): 1624-1630.
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  • Onori F, De Bonis P, Grauso S 2006. Soil Erosion Prediction At The Basin Scale Using The Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) İn A Catchment of Sicily (Southern Italy). Environmental Geology 50(8): 1129-1140. doi.org/10.1007/s00254-006-0286-1
  • Ouyang D, Bartholic J 1997. Predicting sediment delivery ratio in Saginaw Bay watershed. In Proceedings of the 22nd National Association of Environmental Professionals Conference. 659-671.
  • Pan J, Wen Y 2014. Estimation of soil erosion using RUSLE in Caijiamiao watershed, China. Natural Hazards 71(3): 2187-2205. doi.org/10.1007/s11069-013-1006-2
  • Panagos P, Borrelli P, Meusburger K, Alewell C, Lugato E, Montanarella L 2015. Estimating The Soil Erosion Cover-Management Factor at The European Scale. Land Use Policy 48: 38-50. doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2015.05.021
  • Pınar MÖ, Şahin S, Madenoğlu S, Erpul G 2020. Determining Severe Erosion Affected Areas and Estimation Reservoir Sediment Load in Derinöz Dam Basin. Water Resources 5(2): 16-23.
  • Prasannakumar V, Vijith H, Abinod S, Geetha NJGF 2012. Estimation of Soil Erosion Risk Within A Small Mountainous Sub-Watershed İn Kerala, India, Using Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) and Geo-İnformation Technology. Geoscience Frontiers 3(2): 209-215. doi.org/10.1016/j.gsf.2011.11.003
  • Renard KG, Foster GR, Weesies GA, McCool DK, Yoder DC 1997. Predicting Soil Erosion by Water: A Guide to Conservation Planning with the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE). Agriculture handbook 703: 25-28.
  • Renard KG, Laflen JM, Foster GR, McCool DK 1994. The Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation. Soil Erosion Research Methods 2: 105-124.
  • Rozos D, Skilodimou HD, Loupasakis C, Bathrellos GD 2013. Application of The Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation Model On Landslide Prevention. An example from N. Euboea (Evia) Island, Greece. Environmental Earth Sciences 70(7): 3255-3266. doi.org/10.1007/s12665-013-2390-3
  • Santos JCND, Andrade EMD, Medeiros PHA, Palácio HADQ, Araújo NJRD 2017. Sediment Delivery Ratio İn A Small Semi-Arid Watershed Under Conditions of Low Connectivity. Revista Ciência Agronômica 48(1): 49-58. doi.org/10.5935/1806-6690.20170006
  • Saygın SD, Ozcan AU, Basaran M, Timur OB, Dolarslan M, Yılman FE, Erpul G 2014. The Combined RUSLE/SDR Approach İntegrated With GIS and Geostatistics to Estimate Annual Sediment Flux Rates İn The Semi-Arid Catchment Turkey. Environmental Earth Sciences 71(4): 1605-1618. doi.org/10.1007/s12665-013-2565-y
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  • Williams JR, 1977. Sediment Delivery Ratios Determined With Sediment and Runoff Models. IAHS Publication 122, 168-179.
  • Wischmeier WH, Smith DD 1978. Predicting Rainfall Erosion Losses: A Guide to Conservation Planning (No. 537). Department of Agriculture, Science and Education Administration.
  • Wubie MA, Assen M 2020. Effects of Land Cover Changes and Slope Gradient on Soil Quality İn The Gumara Watershed, Lake Tana basin of North–West Ethiopia. Modeling Earth Systems and Environment 6(1): 85-97. doi.org/10.1007/s40808-019-00660-5
  • Zaimes G, Kayiaoglu K, Kozanidis A 2017. Land-Use/Vegetation Cover and Soil Erosion İmpacts On Soil Properties of Hilly Slopes İn Drama Prefecture of Northern Greece. Kastamonu Unıversıty Journal of Forestry Faculty 17(3): 427-433. doi.org/10.17475/kastorman.300074
  • Zar HJ 1996. Biostatistical Analysis. 3rd Edition Prentice Hall, New Jersey: 662 p.
Toplam 85 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Ziraat, Veterinerlik ve Gıda Bilimleri
Bölüm ARAŞTIRMA MAKALESİ (Research Article)
Yazarlar

Yasin Demir 0000-0002-0117-8471

Alperen Meral 0000-0001-6714-7187

Azize Doğan Demir 0000-0003-2008-3408

Proje Numarası Pikom.Bitki.2018.001
Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Aralık 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 18 Ocak 2022
Kabul Tarihi 9 Mayıs 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022Cilt: 25 Sayı: Ek Sayı 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Demir, Y., Meral, A., & Doğan Demir, A. (2022). Estimation of Soil Losses in Çapakcur Watershed (Bingol, Turkey) Using RUSLE Method and Comparison of Predicted Soil Losses with Sediment Yield. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım Ve Doğa Dergisi, 25(Ek Sayı 2), 523-537. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1059631

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