Determination of Physical Risk Factors in Work Environment of Feed Mills and Evaluation of Occupational Health
Abstract
Approximately 500 feed mills are in operation
in Turkey with more than 6000 workers employed in these enterprises. The
objective of this study was to ergonomically evaluate the exposure of workers
to the physical risk factors (noise, particulate matter (PM), lighting, air
temperature, relative humidity, air velocity) in feed mills. The research was
carried out in the storage, dosage, and packaging departments of three
different feed mills. Noise values were measured with noise meter and PM
concentration with a personal sampler using gravimetric method. Lighting, air
temperature, relative humidity, and air velocity values were determined using a
multi-function measuring device. It was determined that the measured noise
exceeded the upper exposure action value (85 dBA) and was very close to the
limit value (87 dBA), PM10 concentration in storage sections exceeded the
recommended limit value (10 mg m-3), lighting in dosage and
packaging sections was below the limit values (1000 lux) in the three
departments of the enterprises. Temperature was higher than the recommended
values in all departments and also humidity and air velocity values were
determined to be insufficient.
Supporting Institution
KSU Scientific Research Projects Management Unit
Thanks
We thank the plant executives for cooperating with the researchers and KSU Scientific Research Projects Management Unit for supporting the study.
References
- Ahmed AH, Bilal IE, Merghani TH 2009. Effects of exposure to flour dust on respiratory symptoms and lung function of bakery workers: a case control study. Sudanese Journal of Public Health 4(1): 210-213.
- Arıcı K 1999. Worker Health and Safety, Sargın Ofset, Ankara. pp. 178s. (In Turkish)
- Aybek A, Arslan S 2005. Noise measurements in agri-ındustrial facilities in Turkey. KSU. Journal of Science and Engineering 8(2): 121-127.
- Aybek A, Arslan S, Ekerbiçer H 2010. Assessment of particulate matter exposure and associated health risks in agriculture and agri-industry. Final Report. TÜBİTAK-TOVAG-107O513, Ankara.
- Babalık FC 2007. Ergonomics for Engineers. Texbook. Nobel Yayın Dağıtım Ltd. Şti. 2nd Edition, No: 831, Ankara. 96 p.
- Başpınar N, Bayramlı Ü 2006. Office Management, 2nd Edition, Nobel Yayın Dağıtım. Ankara. 178 p. (In Turkish)
- Ege F, Sümer SK, Sabancı A 2003. Noise levels in textile mills and its effects. In Proc. 2nd Occupational Health and Safety Congress p 76.
- EU Directive 1999. Limit values for sulphur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide and oxides of nitrogen, particulate matter and lead in ambient air. Council Directive 1999/30/EC. Official Journal of the European Communities.
- EU Directive 2003. Use of Personal Protective Equipment. Directive 89/656/EEC. https://osha. europa.eu/en/legislation/directives/4. Accessed 02.03.2016.
- Giri D, Murthy VK, Adhikary PH, Khanal PN 2007. Estimation of number of deaths associated with exposure to excess ambient PM10 air pollution. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Tech., 4(2) 183-188.
- Hayta AB 2007. The effect of the working environment conditions to management fertility. Journal of Commerce & Tourism Education Faculty 1:21-41s. (Abstr. in English)
- İçin D 2011. Personal Exposure to Noise in Flour, Feed and Oil Mills. MSc Thesis. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences. Kahramanmaraş-Turkey.
- Ilıcak Ş 1988. Environment-Work Conditions and Ergonomic Approaches. 1st National Ergonomics Congress, National Productivity Center Productions, No: 372, Ankara. (In Turkish)
- Matthews J, Knight AA 1971. Ergonomics in Agricultural Equipment Design. National Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Silsoe.
- Sabancı A 2001. Occupational Health-Safety-Ergonomics. In Proceeding of Occupational Health and Safety Congress. Adana. pp. 281-295. (In Turkish)
- Sabancı A, Sümer SK 2015. Ergonomics, Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık Eğitim Danışmanlık Tic. Ltd Şti. Ankara (In Turkish)
- Şerefhanoğlu Sözen M, İlgürel N, Erdoğan S 2008. Development of a method to use noise as a criteria in design process of industrial buildings. Research Project Report, TÜBİTAK Project No: 105M233. 79 p.
- Sprince NL, Lewis MQ, Whitten PS, Reynolds SJ, Zwerling C 2000. Respiratory symptoms: associations with pesticides, silos and animal confinement in the Iowa Farm Family Health and Hazard Surveillance Project. American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 38:455-462.
- Suggs CW 1991. Thermal Environment of Agricultural Workers, Environmental Stress. Module 10. ASAE, St. Joseph Michigan. 22p.
- Tasyürek M 2002. Occupational Health Safety. Work Environment Journal, 61:9-11 (In Turkish)
- Tayyari F, Smith, JL 1997. Occupational Ergonomics Principles and Application, Chapman & Hall, First Ed., London. 81p.
- TS 2607 ISO 1999. Akustik - Mesleki Gürültü Maruziyetinin Belirlenmesi ve Gürültü Kaynaklı İşitme Kaybının Tahmini.
- TS EN ISO 9612 2009. Akustik-Mesleki Gürültü Maruziyetinin Belirlenmesi Mühendislik Metodu
- Wilson JR, Corlett N 1991. Evaluation of Human Work, Taylor & Francis Ltd., 2nd Ed., London. 53p.
- Witney B 1988. Choosing and Using Farm Machines. Co-published in the United States with John Wiley&Sons Inc., Newyork. 412p.
Yem Fabrikalarında Çalışma Ortamı Fiziksel Risk Etmenlerinin Belirlenmesi ve İş Sağlığı Açısından Değerlendirilmesi
Abstract
Türkiye’de yaklaşık
olarak 500 yem fabrikası aktif olarak üretim yapmakta ve 6000’den fazla işçi bu
işletmelerde çalışmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, yem fabrikalarında çalışan
işçilerin fiziksel risk faktörlerinden (gürültü, partikül madde, aydınlatma,
sıcaklık, bağıl nem, hava hızı) hangi düzeyde etkilendiklerini ergonomik açıdan
değerlendirmektir. Araştırma, üç farklı yem fabrikasında, çalışanların mesai
boyunca yoğun olarak çalıştığı depo, dozaj ve paketleme bölümlerinde
yürütülmüştür. Gürültü değerleri bir gürültü ölçer kullanılarak, PM
yoğunlukları kişisel örnekleyici ile gravimetrik yöntem kullanılarak
ölçülmüştür. Aydınlatma, hava sıcaklığı, hava bağıl nemi ve hava hızı değerleri
ise çok işlevli bir ölçüm cihazı ile belirlenmiştir. İşletmelerin her üç
çalışma bölümünde oluşan gürültünün, en yüksek maruziyet eylem değerini (85
dBA) aştığı ve sınır değere (87 dBA) yaklaştığı, PM10 yoğunluğunun depo
bölümlerinde önerilen sınır değeri (10 mg m-3) aştığı, aydınlatmanın
dozaj ve paketleme bölümlerinde sınır değerlerin (1000 lux) altında olduğu
belirlenmiştir. Diğer ortam fiziksel faktörlerden sıcaklık değerlerinin tüm
çalışma bölümlerinde önerilen değerlerden yüksek olduğu, hava nemi ve akımı
değerlerinin ise yetersiz olduğu belirlenmiştir.
References
- Ahmed AH, Bilal IE, Merghani TH 2009. Effects of exposure to flour dust on respiratory symptoms and lung function of bakery workers: a case control study. Sudanese Journal of Public Health 4(1): 210-213.
- Arıcı K 1999. Worker Health and Safety, Sargın Ofset, Ankara. pp. 178s. (In Turkish)
- Aybek A, Arslan S 2005. Noise measurements in agri-ındustrial facilities in Turkey. KSU. Journal of Science and Engineering 8(2): 121-127.
- Aybek A, Arslan S, Ekerbiçer H 2010. Assessment of particulate matter exposure and associated health risks in agriculture and agri-industry. Final Report. TÜBİTAK-TOVAG-107O513, Ankara.
- Babalık FC 2007. Ergonomics for Engineers. Texbook. Nobel Yayın Dağıtım Ltd. Şti. 2nd Edition, No: 831, Ankara. 96 p.
- Başpınar N, Bayramlı Ü 2006. Office Management, 2nd Edition, Nobel Yayın Dağıtım. Ankara. 178 p. (In Turkish)
- Ege F, Sümer SK, Sabancı A 2003. Noise levels in textile mills and its effects. In Proc. 2nd Occupational Health and Safety Congress p 76.
- EU Directive 1999. Limit values for sulphur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide and oxides of nitrogen, particulate matter and lead in ambient air. Council Directive 1999/30/EC. Official Journal of the European Communities.
- EU Directive 2003. Use of Personal Protective Equipment. Directive 89/656/EEC. https://osha. europa.eu/en/legislation/directives/4. Accessed 02.03.2016.
- Giri D, Murthy VK, Adhikary PH, Khanal PN 2007. Estimation of number of deaths associated with exposure to excess ambient PM10 air pollution. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Tech., 4(2) 183-188.
- Hayta AB 2007. The effect of the working environment conditions to management fertility. Journal of Commerce & Tourism Education Faculty 1:21-41s. (Abstr. in English)
- İçin D 2011. Personal Exposure to Noise in Flour, Feed and Oil Mills. MSc Thesis. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences. Kahramanmaraş-Turkey.
- Ilıcak Ş 1988. Environment-Work Conditions and Ergonomic Approaches. 1st National Ergonomics Congress, National Productivity Center Productions, No: 372, Ankara. (In Turkish)
- Matthews J, Knight AA 1971. Ergonomics in Agricultural Equipment Design. National Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Silsoe.
- Sabancı A 2001. Occupational Health-Safety-Ergonomics. In Proceeding of Occupational Health and Safety Congress. Adana. pp. 281-295. (In Turkish)
- Sabancı A, Sümer SK 2015. Ergonomics, Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık Eğitim Danışmanlık Tic. Ltd Şti. Ankara (In Turkish)
- Şerefhanoğlu Sözen M, İlgürel N, Erdoğan S 2008. Development of a method to use noise as a criteria in design process of industrial buildings. Research Project Report, TÜBİTAK Project No: 105M233. 79 p.
- Sprince NL, Lewis MQ, Whitten PS, Reynolds SJ, Zwerling C 2000. Respiratory symptoms: associations with pesticides, silos and animal confinement in the Iowa Farm Family Health and Hazard Surveillance Project. American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 38:455-462.
- Suggs CW 1991. Thermal Environment of Agricultural Workers, Environmental Stress. Module 10. ASAE, St. Joseph Michigan. 22p.
- Tasyürek M 2002. Occupational Health Safety. Work Environment Journal, 61:9-11 (In Turkish)
- Tayyari F, Smith, JL 1997. Occupational Ergonomics Principles and Application, Chapman & Hall, First Ed., London. 81p.
- TS 2607 ISO 1999. Akustik - Mesleki Gürültü Maruziyetinin Belirlenmesi ve Gürültü Kaynaklı İşitme Kaybının Tahmini.
- TS EN ISO 9612 2009. Akustik-Mesleki Gürültü Maruziyetinin Belirlenmesi Mühendislik Metodu
- Wilson JR, Corlett N 1991. Evaluation of Human Work, Taylor & Francis Ltd., 2nd Ed., London. 53p.
- Witney B 1988. Choosing and Using Farm Machines. Co-published in the United States with John Wiley&Sons Inc., Newyork. 412p.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Agricultural, Veterinary and Food Sciences |
| Journal Section | RESEARCH ARTICLE |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | October 31, 2019 |
| Submission Date | May 16, 2019 |
| Acceptance Date | June 30, 2019 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2019Vol 22 (Suppl 1) |
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